RU2580550C1 - Ceramic composition for making brick - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to industry of ceramic materials, primarily to compositions of mixtures for making ceramic bricks. technical result is high frost resistance and compression strength of ceramic bricks. Ceramic composition contains inter-slate clay and iron containing slag TPP with content, wt. %: SiO₂ - 53.3; Al₂O₃ - 4.5; Fe₂O₃ - 31.5; CaO - 1.2; MgO - 0.5; Na₂O - 0,47; K₂O - 0.13; ignition loss - 8.4, with the following ratio of components, wt%: inter-slate clay 50-70; iron-containing slag TPP 30-50.

EFFECT: use of industrial raw materials in production of ceramic bricks enables recycling of industrial wastes, environmental protection, expansion of raw material base for ceramic materials.

1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to compositions of the masses to obtain a brick.

Known ceramic mass for brick of the following composition, wt. %: moderately ductile loesslike loam - 50-80, ash and slag waste of a power plant with a combustible substance content of more than 35% - 10-25, medium plastic fusible clay - 10-25 / Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Copyright certificate No. 1766876. USSR SU, С04В 33/00. Ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks / V.Z. Abdrakhimov, Yu.M. Makrushin, C.S. Orazayev, K.T. Turkstan. - Publ. 10/07/92. Bull. No. 37 / [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low frost resistance (55-81 cycles).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, comprising the following components, wt. %: inter-shale clay - 50-70, burned rocks - 30-50 / Patent No. 2483042 Russian Federation, IPC С04 В 33/135. Ceramic composition for the manufacture of lightweight bricks / Kolpakov A.V., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Abdrakhimova E.S .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; announced on 12/14/2011; publ. 05/27/2013. Bull. 15. / [2]. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is relatively low frost resistance - 83-88 cycles and mechanical compressive strength of 17.1-18.5 MPa.

The essence of the invention is the receipt of industrial waste without the use of natural traditional raw materials of ceramic bricks and improving its quality.

The technical result of the invention is to increase frost resistance and strength.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known ceramic mass, including inter-shale clay, iron-containing slag of thermal power station with the content, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 53.3; Al ₂ O ₃ - 4.5; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 31.5; CaO - 1.2; MgO - 0.5; Na ₂ O - 0.47; K ₂ O - 0.13; p.p.p.- 8.4 in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

inter-shale clay 50-70 iron slag CHP 30-50

Iron-containing slag is a waste of the Novo-Irkutsk TPP. Novo-Irkutsk TPP is the main source of heat for the Irkutsk district heating system and is involved in covering the electrical loads of the Siberian energy system. The cogeneration plant was designed for burning brown coal in Eastern Siberia. The amount of solid residues for coal and lignite ranges from 15 to 40%. Slags are aggregated particles ranging in size from 0.15 to 30 mm. Particles of unburned fuel (underburning) are constantly present in the slag composition, the amount of which can be 10-25%.

The chemical composition of the iron-containing slag of the CHPP is presented in table 1.

Having high contents of iron oxides, iron-containing slag from coal-fired thermal power plants will facilitate sintering of ceramic bricks at relatively low firing temperatures.

For the production of ceramic bricks, the inter-slate component was used as a clay component. It is formed during the production of oil shale at oil shale refineries (in mines). Inter-shale clay is a waste of oil shale. By the number of plasticity, the inter-shale clay belongs to a highly plastic clay raw material (plasticity number 27-32) with a true density of 2.55-2.62 g / cm ³ . The chemical composition is presented in table 1.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The raw materials were dried to a moisture content of not more than 5%, then crushed to pass through a sieve of 1.0 mm The dried raw materials were thoroughly mixed. The ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24% (depending on the clay component content), from which the brick was molded. Raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. Isothermal exposure at the final temperature was 60 minutes.

Table 2 shows the compositions of ceramic masses, and in table 3 - physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

As can be seen from table 2, ceramic bricks were obtained from industrial wastes without the use of natural traditional raw materials. The resulting brick from the proposed compositions has in relation to the prototype higher frost resistance and mechanical strength (table 3).

The resulting technical solution when using iron-containing slag can increase the frost resistance and mechanical strength of ceramic bricks.

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of bricks contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Copyright certificate No. 1766876. USSR SU, С04В 33/00. Ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks / V.Z. Abdrakhimov, Yu.M. Makrushin, C.S. Orazayev, K.T. Turkstan. - Publ. 10/07/92. Bull. No. 37 / [1].

2. Patent No. 2483042 Russian Federation, IPC С04В 33/135. Ceramic composition for the manufacture of lightweight bricks / Kolpakov A.V., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Abdrakhimova E.S .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; announced on 12/14/2011; publ. 05/27/2013. Bull. 15. Adopted for the prototype.

Claims (1)

Ceramic composition for the manufacture of bricks, including inter-shale clay, characterized in that it additionally contains iron-containing slag from thermal power plants with a content, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 53.3; Al ₂ O ₃ - 4.5; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 31.5; CaO - 1.2; MgO - 0.5; Na ₂ O - 0.47; K ₂ O - 0.13; p.p.p. - 8.4 in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
inter-shale clay 50-70 iron slag CHP 30-50