RU2580259C1 - Apparatus for chemical purification and drying of articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical treatment and drying of products. Plant includes adjacent bath of preliminary and finish degreasing and washing and drying chamber, heating device, control device and temperature control degreasing solution and its level and is made in sealed case with closing cover and exhaust ventilation. Bottom of each bath is inclined toward drain hole located opposite to centrifugal-vortex pump intake branch pipe has filter, and in pressure pipe there is pipe with holes, where two adjacent baths defatting pipe is arranged horizontally and holes are directed upward. In bath washing tube is divided into two sleeves arranged vertically along walls, and in its hole there are nozzles, and under second bath defatting are magnetostrictive converters. Each bath is closed by tight cover and near bath there is washing drying chamber, made in form of cube with cone bottom, lateral side of cube is aligned with lateral side of housing of plant and closed with tight cover, and back wall of cube has hole for nitrogen supply.

EFFECT: invention provides higher quality of cleaning and safety.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for chemical cleaning and drying used in the preliminary preparation of the surface of the products before electroplating in the manufacture of printed circuit boards and other industries, especially products having a branched volume surface.

A known installation for jet chemical treatment and surface cleaning of flat products for the basic operations of any process of galvanochemical processing. The installation contains located in the technological sequence: baths 1 and 2 for jet-dynamic degreasing and etching operations, respectively, each of which is equipped with rod catchers with a suspension with plate-type parts, a drain channel with three-way valves installed on it, and a reciprocating device jet flows relative to the machined surfaces, collectors with jet-forming elements made with the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis, respectively favoring collector bath flushing parts in suspension with hot and cold water, equipped with a drainage channel, a manifold for supplying water to the jet forming elements and headers to supply compressed air to the jet forming elements bath flushing parts on the suspension with cold water. [one].

The disadvantages of this installation are:

- it is impossible to process products of complex three-dimensional configuration;

- lack of heating of a chemical fluid;

- the probability of clogging of the jet forming elements;

- the complexity of switching jet streams and maintaining the same pressure in all streams of the stream.

A known line of washing and drying of end parts, adopted as a prototype [2]. The line contains adjacent degreasing, rinsing baths and a drying chamber with mechanisms for degreasing, rinsing, drying and transportation. The first two baths are equipped with devices for heating the degreasing solution, automatic control and regulation of the temperature of the degreasing solution and its level, the degreasing mechanisms of the first two adjacent baths are made in the form of two magnetostrictive converters built into the bottom of each of the adjacent baths, connected to the power source of the magnetostrictive converters, and pump circulation unit, the suction pipe of which is connected through the filter to the lower part of each adjacent bath, and the pressure head a squeegee is introduced into the upper part of each of the adjacent baths, the washing mechanism of the third adjacent bath is made in the form of a pump circulation unit, the suction pipe of which is in communication with the lower part of the third adjacent bath, and the discharge pipe with nozzles in its upper part, the drying chamber is adjacent to the third adjacent bathtub with vertically movable up and down slide gates.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- bathtubs are not closed and there is no ventilation, which does not ensure safety;

- the presence of tubular steam heaters complicates the design and use of the installation.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning while increasing productivity and ensuring operational safety.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the chemical cleaning and drying unit contains adjacent degreasing baths, washing and a drying chamber, heating devices, devices for monitoring and regulating the temperature of the degreasing solution and its level, the degreasing mechanism in the form of magnetostrictive converters and a pump circulation unit. The installation is made in a sealed enclosure, closed by a lid and having exhaust ventilation, on the front wall of which a door is made with the possibility of moving up and down. The bottom of each bath has a slope towards the drain hole, located opposite the circulation unit, made in the form of a centrifugal vortex pump, the intake pipe of which has a filter, and a pipe with holes is installed in the pressure pipe, while it is located horizontally in the preliminary and final degreasing baths and the openings are directed upward, and in the wash tub it is divided into two arms located vertically along the walls, and nozzles are inserted into the openings. Magnetostrictive converters are installed under the second final degreasing bath. At the top of each bath is a capacitor in the form of a rectangular frame located along the bath’s contour made of a metal tube cooled by water, and a product holder made in the form of a common rod with the possibility of reciprocating movement with an oscillation amplitude of 15 mm and a frequency of 10 ... 15 vibrations in a minute. Each bath is closed by a tight cover. A drying chamber is installed next to the washing bath, made in the form of a cube with a conical bottom, which has a drain hole, and a storage tank is installed under it. The lateral side of the cube is aligned with the lateral side of the casing and closed with a sealed lid; a hole is made in the rear wall of the cube through which nitrogen enters. Inside the chamber there is a tabletop with holes, over which there are heaters, and two fans above them, under the tabletop there is a condenser made in the form of a conical spiral made of a copper tube cooled by water, the chamber on the side of the bathtubs is closed with a slide gate with the possibility of vertical movement.

The heater and heaters can be made in the form of a Ten, with each Ten having two Ten and three Ten located above the top of the drying chamber.

The installation is made in a sealed enclosure, which ensures the safety of the staff and increases the productivity of the installation.

The bottom of the degreasing and rinsing baths has a slope towards the drain hole, which ensures complete removal of sediment.

The circulation unit is made in the form of a centrifugal vortex pump, which allows creating high turbulence of the liquid, which accelerates the cleaning process and improves its quality.

A pipe with holes is installed in the discharge pipe, while in two degreasing baths it is located horizontally to the bottom and the holes are directed upwards, and in the washing bath it is divided into two sleeves located vertically along the walls, and nozzles are inserted into the holes, which ensures directed action of the liquid on the processed the surface of the product, especially if the product has a complex configuration.

The product holder, made in the form of a common rod with the possibility of reciprocating movement with an oscillation amplitude of 15 mm and a frequency of 10 ... 15 vibrations per minute, which helps to speed up the degreasing process and, as a result, improves the quality of cleaning.

The drying chamber, made in the form of a cube with a conical bottom, which has a drain hole, is the optimal design for drying products used in EEC.

Inside the chamber there is a worktop with holes, above which there are heaters, and two fans above them, under the worktop there is a condenser made in the form of a conical spiral from a copper tube cooled by water. The combination of these elements allows you to heat and mix nitrogen, which speeds up the drying process of products. Heated to 70 ° C nitrogen eliminates the oxidation of products. The presence of holes in the countertop provides the circulation of nitrogen between the products. The condenser draws dropping liquid into the tank, which also speeds up drying.

The use of Tenov as a heating device and heaters ensures the reliability of the installation, as well as the ease of their replacement in case of failure.

Installation of chemical cleaning and drying of the parts is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows the installation of chemical cleaning and drying of parts, where

pre-degreasing bath - 1,

final degreasing bath - 2,

washing bath - 3,

drying chamber - 4,

heating device - 5,

devices for controlling and regulating the temperature of the degreasing solution and its level - 6,

magnetostrictive transducer - 7,

tight case - 8,

case door with the ability to move up and down - 9,

exhaust ventilation - 10,

drain hole - 11,

centrifugal vortex pump - 12,

pump intake pipe - 13,

discharge pipe - 14,

pipe with holes - 15,

nozzles - 16,

a capacitor in the form of a rectangular frame - 17,

the holder of the products, made in the form of a rod - 18,

tight cover of a bathtub - 19,

hole for draining in the chamber - 20,

storage tank - 21,

hermetic chamber door - 22,

hole through which nitrogen enters - 23,

countertop with holes - 24,

heaters - 25,

fan - 26,

a capacitor made in the form of a conical spiral from a copper tube - 27,

slide gate - 28.

Example.

Adjacent pre-degreasing and pre-degreasing baths 2, washing bath 3, drying chamber 4, heating device 5, devices for controlling and regulating the temperature of the degreasing solution and its level 6 are installed in an airtight housing 8 made of sheet steel 10 1.5 mm thick on a frame from steel corners. The housing 8 has exhaust ventilation 10 and a door 9 on the front wall with the ability to move up and down through which access to the baths 1, 2, 3. The baths 1, 2, 3 and the drying chamber 4 are made of 2 mm thick stainless steel X18H10T . A centrifugal vortex pump 13 is installed in each bath. A pipe with holes 15, made of steel Kh18N10T with a diameter of 20 mm, is installed horizontally to the pressure pipe 15 of the centrifugal vortex pump 12 located in baths 1 and 2. The holes of the pipe 15 are directed upward to the product holder 18. On the discharge pipe 14 of the centrifugal vortex pump 12 located in the bath 3 there is a pipe with holes 15, divided into two sleeves with a diameter of 20 mm, located vertically along the walls of the bath. Nozzles 16 are inserted into the openings of the pipe 15, with five in each sleeve. Devices for heating 5 are made in the form of Tenov. At the bottom of each bath are two Tenhs with a power of 1 kW. At the top of the contour of each bath, a capacitor 17 is installed in the form of a rectangular frame made of a copper tube with a cross section of 8 mm. The tube is cooled by running mains water. The product holder is made in the form of a single rod 18, passing up through all the baths 1, 2, 3 with the possibility of reciprocating movement with an oscillation amplitude of 15 mm and a frequency of 10 ... 15 vibrations per minute. Each bath is closed by a sealed lid 19. Drying chamber 4 is made in the form of a cube with a conical bottom, in which there is a drain hole 20, under which a storage tank 21 is installed. In the drying chamber 4 there is a countertop with openings - 24, made of X18H10T stainless steel. Above the countertop there are heaters 25 made in the form of three Tenes with a power of 2 kW each. Two electric fans 26 are located above the heaters. Under the countertop 25 there is a capacitor 27 made in the form of a conical spiral made of a copper tube with a cross-section of 8 mm, cooled by running network water. An opening 23 is made on the rear wall of the chamber 4 through which nitrogen enters. Inside the housing 8, the chamber 4 is closed by a slide gate 28, and an airtight door 22 is installed outside, opening to the side.

Installation of chemical cleaning and drying of parts works as follows.

In baths 1 and 2, a liquid degreasing solution, for example trichlorethylene, is poured. Bath 3 is filled with running water. Bathtubs fill approximately 2/3 of the height. The lids of the bathtubs 19 are closed. Open the door 9 and the lid 19 of the bath 1. The products are suspended on a bar 18 in the bath 1 on hooks or in baskets. Close the lid 19 and door 9. Turn on the heating device 5 in the form of Tenes and heat the degreasing liquid in baths 1 and 2 to 70 ° C, and water in the bath 3 to 50 ° C. Turn on the drive holder 18 and the pump 12 in the bath 1. And at the same time turn on the capacitors 17 in the baths. The duration of the preliminary degreasing depends on the degree of contamination of the surface of the product. After preliminary degreasing, the drive of the holder 18 and the pump 12 in the bath 1 are turned off, the door 9 and the covers 19 of the baths 1 and 2 are opened, the products are moved to the bath 2 manually, since the products are mainly diverse. In the bath 1 is placed a second batch of products. Close the lids 19 and the door 9. Turn on the drive of the holder 18 and the pumps 12 in the bath 1 and 2 and magnetostrictive transducers 7 under the bottom of the bath 2. After finishing degreasing, the process is repeated and the products are placed in the bath 3 for washing. In the bath 3 include a pump 12, which pumps hot water into the pipes 15. Water through the nozzles 16 washes the product, ensuring a clean surface, especially products with complex configuration. After washing, turn off the product holder 18 and open the slide gate 28 of the chamber 4, place the products on the countertop 24 in the chamber 4. Close the slide gate 28. The process of filling baths 1, 2.3 with the products is repeated. Door 9 closes. Through the tap in the hole 23 serves nitrogen. They include heaters 25, fans 26, and a condenser 27. Nitrogen is heated to 60-70 ° C. The remaining liquids from the products are discharged through the drain hole 20 into the storage tank 21. Drying continues depending on the size and complexity of the products. Turn off the heaters 25, fans 26 and the capacitor 27. Open the sealed door 22 and remove the product. The cycling of the installation is determined by the longest duration of one of the operations of processing products.

The experiment was conducted on an experimental setup. Achieved high quality cleaning products of various configurations. The adhesion of coatings applied to articles has improved. The complete removal of fluxes after soldering products is ensured. Plant productivity increased 1.5 times.

Information sources

1. Patent No. 2426820, IPC C23G3, C25D 21/08, C25D 21/12.

2. Patent No. 2229179, IPC G21C 21/02.

Claims (2)

1. Installation of chemical cleaning and drying of parts, containing adjacent baths for preliminary and final degreasing and washing and a drying chamber, a heating device, a device for controlling and regulating the temperature of the degreasing solution and its level, magnetostrictive transducer and circulating unit, characterized in that it is sealed a housing having a closable lid and exhaust ventilation, the front wall of which is made with a door that can move up and down, with the bottom of each van It has a slope towards the drain hole, located opposite the circulation unit, made in the form of a centrifugal vortex pump, the intake pipe of which has a filter, and a pipe with holes is installed in the pressure pipe, and the pipe is horizontally located in two adjacent preliminary and final degreasing baths directed upward, and in the wash bath the pipe is divided into two arms located vertically along the walls, and nozzles are inserted into its holes, while magnetostrictive the converters are installed under the second degreasing bath, and at the top of each bath there is a condenser in the form of a rectangular frame located along the bath’s contour made of a metal tube cooled by water, and a product holder made in the form of a common rod with the possibility of reciprocating movement with an oscillation amplitude of 15 mm and a frequency of 10-15 vibrations per minute, while each bath is closed with a sealed lid and a drying chamber is installed next to the washing bath, made in the form of a cube with a conical bottom, which e has a drain hole, a storage tank is installed underneath, and the side of the cube is aligned with the side of the installation casing and closed with a sealed cover, and a hole for supplying nitrogen is made in the back wall of the cube, while a drying table with openings is located inside the drying chamber heaters are located, and above them are two fans, and under the tabletop there is a condenser made in the form of a conical spiral of a copper tube cooled by water, and the drying chamber on the side of the bathtubs is closed by a slide gate Ohm with the possibility of vertical movement. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating device and heaters are made in the form of heating elements, with two heating elements located in each bath, and three heating elements above the top of the drying chamber.

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