RU2579303C1 - Chimney-type cooling tower with descending flow of cooled liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat exchange devices of water cooling in industrial water recycling systems for removal of excess heat in various technological processes associated with its extraction. Chimney-type cooling tower includes housing (1) forming the inner space of the tower of cooling tower, in which the successively from top to bottom there are water catcher (2), a water distributor with collector (4) and pressure pipeline of heated water (6), in the lower part of the housing of cooling tower is adjustable zone of air intake (7), containing air intake openings with butterfly gates installed in them, under the housing of cooling tower there is water catch pit (11) with cold water discharge pipeline (12) cooling tower top section are located one or more devices to disperse liquid (5), grounded ionising screen with corona-forming electrodes (3), vacuum pump (10) and vacuum pipe (8), the water distributor is made in the form of one or several sections of reservoirs (4), arranged horizontally, where one or more devices to disperse liquid (5) so that their nozzles are directed downward to create descending flow, vacuum pump (10) is located on remote site of the cooling tower housing and connected with one or more devices to disperse liquid (5) vacuum pipe (8), grounded ionising screen with corona-forming electrodes (3) are located horizontally under water trap (2) and serve for generation of “electric wind”.

EFFECT: invention allows increasing efficiency of process liquid cooling hydroaerothermal, minimising power consumption, simplifying the design of cooling tower and its operation, reducing the cost of construction, as well as reducing geometric dimensions at comparability characteristics.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat-exchanging devices for cooling water in industrial circulating water supply systems for removing excess heat during various technological processes associated with its generation, for example, in the power system at sources of heat energy production, in the chemical and metallurgical industries, in the production of building materials, etc.

The basic principle of operation of a tower tower is to undergo a hydroaerothermal process in its internal volume, that is, heat transfer from the cooled liquid to atmospheric air.

Known cooling tower tower structure (RU No. 2256136, F28C 1/00, 02/03/2004), consisting of a housing, a spillway basin, inlet and outlet pipelines, a multi-section twisting device made in the form of curved guide elements. In this case, curved guide elements are made discrete and variable in the direction of fluid movement, and at the end of each element, in its lower part, thresholds are placed for separating flows. On the outside, the device is equipped with trays with spray and iridescent devices. The movement of chilled water is carried out from top to bottom.

This design allows you to increase the path length of the cooled liquid and at the same time use the external and internal surfaces of the tower body. Elements for the movement of water are located on the outer and inner side of the tower structure of the tower.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the relative low efficiency of the heat exchange process, high energy consumption, complexity in construction and, as a consequence, large subsequent operating costs.

A well-known tower cooling tower (RU No. 2226321, F28C 1/00, 12/27/2006) with open side openings in the base of the tower body, a spillway basin, inlet and outlet pipelines, a water distributor, a sprayer and a sprinkler. It is also equipped with a water trapping device, in the side openings of which, in the lower part of the tower, a grounded metal mesh is installed between the supports. Corona electrodes are installed on the insulators, which are connected by wires to a high voltage source. The movement of cooling air is carried out from the bottom up, which is provided naturally, both due to wind speed and due to the difference in specific gravities of air and additionally created “electric wind” formed by high-voltage discharges between the grounded grid and the corona electrodes. Thus, to the natural factors providing the movement of air, the impulse created by the “electric wind” is also added.

The disadvantage of this design of the tower is its relative low efficiency of the heat exchange process taking place in it. The device of metal grids using high-voltage coronary discharges makes sense as an addition to the well-known various designs of water traps, since it is difficult to manufacture, has increased costs for subsequent operation.

A device for dispersing a liquid (RU No. 2530117, B05B 1/14, 04/09/2013) is known, comprising a flange with a confuser disposed thereon and passing into a nozzle, a nozzle, an annular rarefaction zone, and a cavitation rod attachment unit located on the outer surface of the nozzle, which is made in the form of an integral stud with an end pad at the end facing the fluid flow and located along the axis of the device with the possibility of its regulation in the longitudinal direction in the area of the nozzle edge, an annular collector with a nozzle, while ring a collector disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle, the annular vacuum zone is formed by the outer surface of the converging tube and the nozzle and the inner surface of the cylindrical nozzle, the nozzle is formed by perforation connecting annular dilution zone annular collector space. The vacuum is created by an external device connected by means of a pipe with an annular collector, and the upper section of the nozzle has an excess over the upper section of the nozzle, which provides the interface between the liquid and the rarefaction zone.

This design of the device allows you to dramatically increase the surface of the cooled liquid, while you can "crush" any of its volumes, and the installation of one or more devices for dispersing the liquid in the tower tower allows you to evenly and densely distribute the dispersed cooled liquid inside its body.

A known cooling tower, selected by the authors as a prototype (RU No. 2355968, F28C 1/00, 11/14/2007), which contains a tower with a water trap installed in it, a water distributor with sprinklers and an irrigation device, while in the tower, in its lower part , made air inlets and pool. The windows are eccentrically mounted on vertical axes with the possibility of rotation under the action of wind or a manual drive of the damper, with some of the damper with a larger area located in the open position inside the tower. The windows are made stops for fixing the shutters in the closed position, with each shutter installed with the possibility of opening from the incoming air stream into the tower and tight closing from the air stream leaving the tower. In each air-outlet window, two groups of shutters are installed side by side, kinematically connected to each other by means of rods with the possibility of simultaneous rotation of the shutters of each group and the possibility of their fixation in the intermediate open and closed positions. Each damper is made in the form of a multilayer rectangular panel.

The cooling tower is made according to the classical scheme with insignificant technical essence with one improving attribute, which concerns the supply of cooling air to the cooling tower and its internal distribution. The disadvantage of this design of the tower is its relative low efficiency of the heat exchange process taking place in it.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the hydroaerothermic process of cooling the liquid, minimizing energy costs, simplifying the design of the tower cooling tower, reducing the cost of construction, reducing the geometric dimensions with comparable characteristics, ease of operation.

A tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid, comprising a housing forming the interior of the tower cooling tower, in which a water separator, a water distributor with a collector and a heated water pressure pipe are installed successively from top to bottom, in the lower part of the tower tower housing there is a regulated air supply zone containing air inlet windows with rotary dampers installed in them; a catchment basin with a discharge pipe is located under the tower tower body m of chilled water, moreover, it is additionally equipped with one or more devices for dispersing liquid, grounded ionizing networks with corona electrodes, a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipe, while the water distributor is made in the form of one or more sections of collectors located horizontally on which one or more devices are placed for dispersing the liquid so that their nozzles are oriented downward with the possibility of creating a downward flow, the vacuum pump is located on the remote loschadke tower housing and is connected to one or more devices for dispersing liquid vakuumoprovodom, grounded grid with ionizing discharge electrodes are arranged horizontally under the water traps and serve to create an "electric wind". If there are two or more devices for dispersing liquids, the collectors on which they are located are installed at different horizons. In the presence of two or more devices for dispersing liquids, they are located with a displacement along the vertical axes relative to each other. Grounded ionizing grids with corona electrodes are made with a polymer waterproof coating.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows the design of a tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid.

The cooling tower consists of a casing 1, in which a water trap 2, grounded ionizing nets with corona electrodes 3, a collector 4, a liquid dispersion device 5, a pressure feed pipe of heated water 6, are located 6. In the lower part of the casing 1 there is a zone of controlled air intake 7 with air inlets and dampers. On the outer surface of the casing there is a remote platform 9 with a vacuum pump 10 installed on it and connected by a vacuum conduit 8 with a device for dispersing liquid 5. Under the casing there is a catchment basin 11 with a chilled water discharge pipe 12.

The tower cooling tower operates as follows.

The water to be cooled through the pressure feed pipe of heated water 6 through the collector 4 located in the upper part of the housing 1, enters the liquid dispersion devices 5 located on the manifold 4. On the remote site 9, a vacuum pump 10 is placed, which is connected by a vacuum pipe 8 to the devices for dispersing liquids 5, which work together under the action of the heated water pressure line 6. The water to be cooled passes through the liquid dispersing devices and turns into small dispersed torches downward. The number of installed devices for dispersing liquid depends on the geometric dimensions of the housing and the performance of the cooling tower. The installation of several devices for dispersing liquid allows you to evenly and densely fill the inner space of the housing 1 with dispersible liquid to be cooled.

In the lower part of the housing 1 there is a zone of regulated air intake 7 represented by air inlets with rotary dampers installed in them. The air regulation zone 7 allows you to evenly supply air into the inside of the housing 1. Next, the dynamic wind pressure, the gravitational component of the difference in the specific gravity of the air and the "electric wind" formed by grounded ionizing grids with corona electrodes 3 located under the water trap 2, create an optimal flow of air from the bottom up in the case of the tower 1 and provide the maximum possible hydroaerothermic process.

Grounded ionizing nets with corona electrodes 3 located under the water trap 2 are made with a polymer waterproof coating.

Humidified heated air passes through grounded ionizing grids with corona electrodes 3 and a water trap 2. A water trap 2 can be made, for example, of a polymeric material of a honeycomb structure with cells oriented by passage openings along the axis of the air flow, which creates their low aerodynamic resistance. Grounded ionizing grids with corona electrodes 3 also serve to aggregate dispersed water dust into an droplet ionizing field. Which reduces the loss of cooled circulating water.

In the process of operation of the cooling tower, there is a constant replenishment of the catchment basin 11 with chilled water. Pumping from the catchment basin 11 is carried out through the discharge pipe 12.

The process of creating optimal operating conditions for the cooling tower can be carried out, for example, by changing some technical factors: pressure in the supply pressure pipe 6 connected to devices for dispersing liquid 5; the magnitude of the negative pressure created by the vacuum pump 10, providing the magnitude of the vacuum in the device for dispersing the liquid; the amount of external cooling air entering through zone 7.

To achieve a uniform and dense filling of the internal space of the cooling tower housing 1 with dispersible chilled water torches, the collectors 4 with the devices for dispersing the liquid 5 located on them can be installed at several horizons, while the devices for dispersing the liquid are spaced along the vertical axes.

Thus, the technical solutions adopted in the design of the tower provide the maximum possible result - increase the efficiency of the hydroaerothermic process. Significant minimization of energy costs is achieved in relation to well-known analogues - tower cooling towers - with the comparable characteristics of the cooled liquid, a significant simplification of the design and, as a consequence, a decrease in the cost of construction and simplification of operation.

Claims (4)

1. Tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid, comprising a housing forming the inner space of the tower tower, in which a water separator, a water distributor with a collector and a heated water pressure pipe are installed sequentially from top to bottom, in the lower part of the tower tower housing there is a regulated air supply zone containing air inlets windows with rotary dampers installed in them; a drainage basin with a discharge pipe is located under the tower tower body house of chilled water, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with one or more devices for dispersing liquids, grounded ionizing nets with corona electrodes, a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipe, while the water distributor is made in the form of one or more sections of collectors located horizontally on which one or more devices for dispersing the liquid in such a way that their nozzles are oriented downward with the possibility of creating a downward flow, the vacuum pump is located wives on a remote site of the tower body and is connected to one or more devices for dispersing liquid by a vacuum pipe, grounded ionizing grids with corona electrodes are located horizontally under the water trap and serve to create an “electric wind”. 2. A tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that in the presence of two or more devices for dispersing the liquid, the collectors on which they are located are installed at different horizons. 3. A tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that in the presence of two or more devices for dispersing the liquid, they are located with offset along the vertical axes relative to each other. 4. A tower cooling tower with a downward flow of cooled liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that the grounded ionizing meshes with corona electrodes are made with a polymer waterproof coating.

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