RU2579001C1 - Method of unloading and batching of granular mixtures from vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of dispensed unloading bulk materials and thick materials from tanks, and can be applied in food industry, metallurgy, chemical, mining, and other industries. Technical result is achieved as follows according to the invention: method of unloading and dispensing of loose and thick materials from tanks, characterised by use of horizontal shafts with blades, arranged on tank bottom; at least two horizontal shafts with blades, which in one position can overlap tank bottom (bin bottom), preventing unloading materials (pouring mixture out), and in another position of blades can open bottom providing for material unloading (pouring mixture out), wherein shafts are driven (rotated) by drive of, at least, one motor, and blades are arranged so that during their rotation they enter inside the vessel from below, on bottom side, and touch mixture, and material dispensing is performed by device switching on or off; rate of material discharge is adjusted by varying rotation speed of shafts.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of unloading efficiency of loose and thick materials, as well as improving design and wider range of equipment.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for dosed unloading of bulk materials and viscous materials from a container and can be used in food, metallurgical, chemical, mining and other industries [IPC B65G 29/00, B65G 3/00].

Known WEIGHT CONTINUOUS DISPENSER [RF patent No. 2260775], comprising a housing with an intermediate hopper mounted thereon, a volumetric feeder located above a weighing belt conveyor mounted on a weighing platform.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the low reliability due to the complexity of the design.

A SCREW DISPENSER is known from the prior art [RF patent No. 2259313], comprising a hopper with a vertical shaft installed inside it in the form of a screw, and the hopper is equipped with a device to prevent arch formation.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency due to the complexity of unloading viscous materials due to their possible sticking to a vertical shaft.

The closest in technical essence is the DOSING DEVICE [patent RU 145243 U], consisting of a hopper, in the lower part of which there is a horizontal shaft with blades and a manual drive.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the narrow scope and low efficiency due to the small volumes of unloaded material.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of unloading bulk and viscous materials, as well as in improving the design and expanding the arsenal of technical means.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of unloading and dosing of bulk and viscous materials from the tank, characterized by using a horizontal shaft with blades, characterized in that at least two horizontal shafts with blades are placed in the bottom of the tank, through which the position of the blades, the bottom of the tank (bottom of the hopper) is blocked, preventing the unloading of materials (pouring the mixture), and in the other position of the blades, the bottom is opened, providing unloading of the material (pouring the mixture), m the shafts are driven (rotated) by a drive with at least one engine, and the blades are arranged so that during their rotation they go from the bottom to the bottom of the tank and touch the mixture, and the material is dosed by turning the device on and off, speed material unloading is regulated by changing the speed of rotation of the shafts.

Preferably, the shaft blades are made with mutually perpendicular shortened and elongated parts, in the section the shaft blades are made in the form of an oval or a star with an even number of rays with sharp and rounded rays or in the form of a polygon with an even number of angles, hooks are installed on the blades in the form of plates or pins.

Preferably, the walls of the container are wholly or partially performed with a slope. Shaft position sensors are preferably used with the ability to determine the position of the blades to control the speed of rotation and bring the bottom of the tank (hopper) into a closed or open position.

Preferably, capacity sensors are used with the ability to determine the volume or weight of the materials being unloaded.

Preferably, a receiving weighing conveyor is additionally used, which is mounted on a fixed load platform with electronic scales under the bottom of the container.

Preferably, the operation of the device, the unloading speed and the direction of movement of the shafts are controlled from a control unit connected to the device via a wired bus.

Preferably, the bottom of the container is made removable with the possibility of replacement with a blank bottom.

Preferably, at least one shaft provided with pins for mixing the material is installed in the container above the shafts with blades.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows an example of a general view of a dispensing and dispensing device that implements the method.

In FIG. 2 is a top view of a dispensing and dispensing device.

In FIG. 3 presents options for the shape of the blades.

In FIG. 4 is a top view of a dispensing and dispensing device with the blades in the open position.

In FIG. 5 is a view of a dispensing and dispensing device when unloading materials.

In FIG. 6 shows a general view of the placement of the dispensing and dispensing device under one container with the materials being unloaded, FIG. 7 - under several containers.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows a general view of the placement of a dispensing and dispensing device under a freight railroad car, as an example of using one device under several bunkers (tanks).

The implementation of the invention

The method can be implemented on the example of a dispensing and dosing device (Fig. 1), which is placed under a tank 1, the walls of which are made of sheet steel. An example of such a capacity is a hopper or a railroad car for bulk mixtures. The device is mounted in the horizontal plane of the lower part of the tank (hopper) 1, with shafts 2 mounted on bearings (not shown). Blades 3 are mounted on shafts 2 along the entire length, each of the blades containing mutually perpendicular shortened and elongated parts with hooks 4 Engines 5, which are connected to the shafts 2 by means of a belt, gear or chain transmission 6 (Fig. 2), can be mounted on the side of the tank or on another supporting platform. The blades 3 of the shaft are performed with mutually perpendicular shortened and elongated parts. In section, the shaft blades can be in the form of an oval or a star with an even number of rays with sharp and rounded rays or a polygon shape with an even number of angles.

On one of the blades 3 of each of the shafts 2, position sensors 7 can be mounted (Fig. 3), the counterparts of which (not shown) are installed in the housing of the tank 1, while the position of the position sensor 7 coincides with the counterpart when the blades 3 are closed. In the tank above the shafts with blades can be installed one shaft, equipped with pins for mixing the material or several such shafts.

In one embodiment (FIG. 4), one engine drives a pair of shafts 2.

In one embodiment, under the device there is a belt conveyor 8 (Fig. 5) mounted on a fixed load platform 9 of an electronic strain gauge balance.

The control unit 10 using an armored cable 11 is connected to the engine 5 and the position sensors 7.

The bottom of the tank can be removable with the possibility of replacement with a blank bottom.

The principle of operation of the method is shown by the example of the operation of the dispensing and dosing device.

The device is installed under the tank 12 (Fig. 6), while the blades 3 of the shafts 2 close the bottom of the hopper 1 or another tank, after which the material 13 is loaded for transportation. After loading, the container 12 is moved to the unloading zone and, with the help of the engine control 5 on the control unit 10, the shafts 2 are driven. During the start of the movement, the elongated part of the blades 3 rakes the material in close proximity and pushes it in the direction of the upper arrows in FIG. 5, then the material 13 enters the formed gap between the shortened parts of the blades 3 and falls on the conveyor 8 in the direction of the lower arrows in FIG. 5. The hooks 4 capture the discharged material 13, and in the case of unloading the viscous material 13, actively mix it, thereby preventing it from forming arches and large lumps in the unloading zone. From the device, material 13 enters the belt conveyor 8 with electronic scales, which diverts material 13 from under the device, continuously fixing the weight of the unloaded material 13. To stop unloading using the control unit 10, the blades 3 are moved to the closed position, which is fixed by position sensors 7, and stop the engine 5.

Thus, the dosing of the material is carried out by turning the device on and off, and the speed of unloading the material is regulated by changing the speed of rotation of the shafts.

The positive technical effect of the use of the invention is:

- improving the efficiency of unloading bulk and viscous materials through the use of a horizontal shaft system with blades;

- expanding the range of unloading and dosing devices;

- improving reliability by simplifying the design.

Claims (9)

1. The method of unloading and dosing of bulk and viscous materials from the tank, characterized by using a horizontal shaft with blades, characterized in that at least two horizontal shafts with blades are placed in the bottom of the tank, by means of which in the same position of the blades the bottom of the tank (bottom of the hopper ) overlap, preventing the unloading of materials (pouring the mixture), and in the other position of the blades open the bottom, providing unloading of the material (pouring the mixture), and the shafts are driven (rotate) by the drive, at least at least one engine, and the blades are positioned so that during their rotation they go from the bottom to the inside of the tank from the bottom and touch the mixture, and the material is dosed by turning the device on and off, the speed of material unloading is regulated by changing the shaft rotation speed. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the shaft blades are performed with mutually perpendicular shortened and elongated parts, the section of the shaft blades is made in the form of an oval or star with an even number of rays with sharp and rounded rays or in the form of a polygon with an even number of angles , on the blades set hooks in the form of plates or pins. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the walls of the tank are fully or partially performed with a slope. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the shaft position sensors are used with the ability to determine the position of the blades to control the speed of rotation and bring the bottom of the tank (hopper) into a closed or open position. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they use sensors full capacity with the ability to determine the volume or weight of the unloaded materials. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that it additionally use a receiving weighing conveyor, which is mounted on a stationary cargo platform with electronic scales under the bottom of the tank. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the device, the discharge speed and the direction of movement of the shafts are controlled from a control unit connected to the device via a wire bus. 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the bottom of the tank is made removable with the possibility of replacement with a blank bottom. 9. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in the tank above the shafts with blades set at least one shaft equipped with pins for mixing the material.

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