RU2577170C1 - Complex feed additive for laying hens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used when feeding laying hens. Complex feed additive for laying hens includes carbohydrate-protein fodder additive consisting of sugar and yeast suspension, vitamins A, E, C, B12, sunflower phosphatides and fodder fat. All the components are taken in specified weight ratio, thoroughly mixed and added to the basic diet with subsequent stirring. Fodder additive is prepared before feeding.

EFFECT: use of the proposed invention will allow to increase laying hens egg-laying capacity, physical weight and edible quality of eggs.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, can be used to increase the processes of growth and development, egg formation, the normal functioning of all body systems of laying hens and reduce the required costs of the limiting amount of nutrients and energy, the source of which is feed. The main standardized indicator for poultry is the energy balance. It should be noted that laying hens with intensive egg laying have a high level of energy metabolism. Especially great is the need for nutrients to maintain the basic functions of the body. So, K.V. Rozhdestvensky and V.A. Shafrov (Feeding poultry. Moscow: Kolos, 1980, 303 s - 3-4 pages) believe that knowledge of the relationship between feed energy and other nutrients allows more efficient use of feed resources, the cost of which for egg production is 60- 70% A deficiency in the use of metabolic energy is exerted by a deficiency of B vitamins, in particular vitamins B12, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, Ε and C. With a low protein content in the diet, energy requirements increase, a high protein content in the feed also causes an increase in energy requirements, due to increase metabolism. A deficiency (0.25%) of methionine is accompanied by a decrease in energy use. It is believed that the energy of lipids covers the need for energy by 90%, the digestibility of carbohydrates by 75% and proteins by 60%. In general, the amount of exchange energy varies depending on the breed, age and egg production of laying hens. The main source of energy in feed mixtures for laying hens is grain feed, which by energy value can be divided into 2 groups: with a high and low energy content. However, a high regulatory level of energy cannot be achieved only at the expense of grain feed. Therefore, a high-energy diet can be provided through additional sources in the form of biologically active feed additives.

The purpose of the invention is the development of an inexpensive complex of feed products in the form of a biologically active feed additive for laying hens, contributing to increased productivity and product quality.

Such quality is possessed by the components of the complex biologically active feed additive that we offer, consisting of a carbohydrate-protein supplement, vitamins A, E and C, feed concentrate of vitamin B12, sunflower phosphatides and feed fat.

A carbohydrate-protein supplement consists of a neutralizer (feed sugar) and a yeast suspension.

The lack of vitamin A in the diet of the bird leads to keratinization of the epithelial tissue, which greatly reduces the body's resistance to the penetration of microbes. All this ultimately disrupts the life cycle of the body, leads to a decrease in egg production and often to the death of the bird.

It is believed that vitamin Ε is closely associated with sulfhydryl groups of enzymes. It is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and is associated with the exchange of hormones, protects the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, carotene, vitamin A in the feed, digestive tract and processes of endogenous metabolism; protects cell membranes rich in lipids from destruction. With a lack of vitamin Ε, the function of the genitals, complete paralysis of the extremities, dystrophy of the skeletal muscles and muscular stomach, and liver damage are disrupted.

Vitamin C catalyzes the oxidation processes, participates in the synthesis of steroid hormones in the adrenal cortex, in the conversion of the amino acids proline and lysine to oxyproline and oxylysine; saves folic acid in the body, affects the metabolism of sulfur, inactivation of toxins and poisons; has an antioxidant effect. When exposed to stress factors, laying hens need vitamin C with food, as their need for this vitamin is not satisfied due to their own synthesis.

Vitamin B12 feed concentrate was obtained by the method of biosynthesis by methane fermentation bacteria, for the propagation of which the distillery of the acetobutyl and distillery working on molasses (molasses) was used as a medium. The May Distillery in Kabardino-Balkaria operates on molasses from sugar factories in the Krasnodar Territory. After thickening and drying, a concentrate rich in B vitamins, especially vitamin B12, was obtained. One kilogram of this concentrate contained, mg: vitamin B2-50, nicotinic acid 90, pantothenic acid 125, folic acid 70, choline 5000, vitamin B12 100-150.

Unsaturated fatty acids - oleic, linolenic and arachidonic - are not synthesized in the body of a bird. In this regard, they are called indispensable and must be given with food. Laying hens have a specific need for these acids, which contribute to better absorption of other fatty acids. If they are absent in the diets, egg laying in hens decreases, the body's resistance to stress factors decreases. Laying hens make better use of vegetable fats with unsaturated fatty acids, the source of which is sunflower phosphatides containing up to 68% of linoleic acid alone. Plant phosphatides contribute to better emulsification and breakdown of fats in the intestine, which explains the relatively high digestibility, superior to the digestibility of animal fats. A very valuable part of phosphatides is choline, which in the body of laying hens is involved in the synthesis of amino acids. Saturated fatty acids, especially palmitic and stearic, are poorly absorbed, so using a mixture of vegetable oils with animal fats gives better results than using only animal fats.

The composition of the feed additive per 1 kg of live weight:

carbohydrate-protein supplement - 1.8 g;

Vitamin A - 500 IU;

vitamin Ε - 10 mg;

Vitamin C - 5 mg;

vitamin B12 feed concentrate - 2.5 mg;

sunflower phosphatides - 1.5 g;

feed fat - 0.8 g.

The additive is prepared before feeding, the components of the additive are thoroughly mixed and introduced into the main diet, followed by mixing. Feeding with the additive is carried out in the morning 1 time per day.

The tool has been repeatedly tested in the conditions of the poultry factories of the Kotlyarovsky State Poultry Farm in the May district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and the Priazovskaya poultry farm in the Kagalnitsky district of the Rostov Region.

Example 1

In order to study the complex feed additive in the rations of laying hens in the conditions of the Priazovskaya poultry farm, we conducted a scientific and economic experiment. For this, in compliance with the principle of analog groups, 2 groups were formed: 1 - control, 2 - experimental. In order to determine the effect of a complex feed additive on the productivity of laying hens, the commercial and nutritional quality of the eggs obtained, we took into account the percentage of egg production and the physical weight of the eggs. The percentage of egg production in the first group averaged 52.4%, while in the second group 59.4%. The average physical egg weight at the 34-week-old laying hens was 60.3 g in group 1, 63.1 g in 2.

The content of vitamins Α, Ε, B2, lipids and cholesterol in the yolk of eggs in group 2 was 20.14 μg / g, 35.69 μg / g, 6.85 μg / g, 652.5 mg / g, respectively, 19.41 mg / g Whereas in 1 control group these indicators corresponded to 16.95 μg / g; 34.2 μg / g; 7.1 μg / g; 609.6 mg / g; 18.37 mg / g. The results obtained in our studies indicate that the use of a complex feed additive in laying hens rations leads to both an increase in egg production and physical weight of eggs, improving their nutritional quality in vitamins, lipids and cholesterol in the yolk.

Claims (1)

A complex feed additive for laying hens, including a carbohydrate-protein supplement, consisting of feed sugar and yeast suspension, vitamins A, E and C, feed concentrate of vitamin B12, sunflower phosphatides and feed fat in the following ratio, per 1 kg of live weight:
carbohydrate-protein supplement - 1.8 g;
Vitamin A - 500 IU;
Vitamin E - 10 mg;
Vitamin C - 5 mg;
vitamin B12 feed concentrate - 2.5 mg;
sunflower phosphatides - 1.5 g;
feed fat - 0.8 g.