RU2576383C2 - Arkadyev-marks generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: in comparison with the known Arkadyev-Marks generator containing several cascades with capacitors and dischargers in each cascade, and a pulse charging transformer, all elements of the generator are installed in a metal tight casing; the novelty is that the first cascade discharge is made controlled and has a start-up system, the generator casing is divided to two sections with flanges, in one section the pulse charging transformer and the start-up system are installed, the generator cascades are installed in another section and secured on a metal plate. The plate is clamped between the adjacent flanges of the casing sections till the closure of the end adjacent surfaces of the plate and flanges, and has holes, in which with a radial clearance relatively to hole edges the dielectric holders of the HV lead taps of the pulse transformer and start-up system are installed.

EFFECT: increased machining quality and operation reliability of the Arkadyev-Marks generator upon keeping weight and dimension characteristics, increased stability of output voltages.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to high-voltage pulse technology and can be used in charged particle accelerators or other pulsed high-current devices.

The well-known Arkadyev-Marx generator used in a compact electron accelerator (N. V. Belkin et al. "Small-sized nanosecond electron accelerator at 600 kV", PTE, 1977, No. 5, p. 36-38). The generator cascades are charged by a pulse transformer in a closed magnetic circuit. The transformer, capacitors, arresters and other elements of the generator stages are located in a single sealed enclosure in the environment of transformer oil and are mounted on a flat vertical rack made of sheet Plexiglas. The axes of the capacitors are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the rack, the axis of the arresters are located at an angle of 45 ° to the planes of the axes of the capacitors in cascades, the plane of the axes of the arresters is parallel to the plane of the rack.

The disadvantage of this generator is the relatively low density of the arrangement of these elements, leading to a decrease in the mass-dimensional characteristics of the device.

Closest to the claimed is a compact pulse voltage generator Arkadyev-Marx (Patent RU No. 2091980, IPC ⁶ H03K 3/00, H05K 7/02, H05G 1/24. "Voltage pulse generator." Elyash SL, Moskvin N. I., Korolev V.N., Kalinovskaya NI, published September 27, 1997), in each cascade of which the capacitors are assembled in a package, the axis of the arrester is parallel to the axis of the package of capacitors, the axes of all packages of capacitors are located in one plane and in another plane parallel to the first, are the axis of the arresters, all elements of the generator are located in a metal sealed enclosure. The arresters are made of two-electrode ones; the generator cascades are charged by a pulse transformer. The use of this arrangement allowed, while maintaining the output parameters, to reduce the mass and volume of the generator by about one and a half times.

However, it has the following disadvantages:

- when disassembling the generator and draining the transformer oil, air enters the layered dielectric of the transformer; its removal after assembly of the generator requires a long vacuum pumping and may cause a decrease in the reliability of the transformer;

- pulsed power to the transformer is supplied through a high-voltage connector mounted on the shell of a solid generator housing, which during assembly greatly complicates the soldering of the output of the transformer primary winding to the connector;

- the use of uncontrolled arresters reduces the stability of the output voltage of the generator.

All these factors lead to a decrease in the reliability of the generator and the stability of its output voltages.

The objective of the invention is to provide a compact Arkadyev-Marx generator with stable characteristics and increased reliability.

The technical result is to increase the quality of the assembly and the reliability of the compact Arkadyev-Marx generator while maintaining the mass-dimensional characteristics. An additional technical result is to increase the stability of the output voltage.

The specified technical result is achieved in that, in comparison with the well-known compact Arkadyev-Marx generator, which contains several stages with capacitors and a spark gap in each stage, as well as a pulse charging transformer, all the generator elements are located in a metal sealed case, the new one is that the gap of the first the cascade is made controllable and equipped with a start-up system, the generator housing is divided into two sections with flanges, a pulse charging transformer and a system for jaws, generator stages are mounted in another section and mounted on a metal plate, the plate being sandwiched between adjacent flanges of the housing sections until the end faces of the plate and flanges are closed and has holes in which dielectric holders of the high-voltage outputs of the pulse transformer are installed with a radial clearance relative to the edges of the holes launch systems.

The execution of the arrester of the first stage is controllable and the use of a starting system allows you to compensate for the drift of its self-breakdown voltage during operation and to stabilize its operating voltage. Therefore, the use of a controlled spark gap with a starting system helps to increase the reliability and stability of the generator output voltages.

The execution of the generator housing two-section allows you to:

- carry out separate assembly of sections; in this case, the soldering of the output of the primary winding of the charging transformer to the high-voltage connector mounted on the transformer section housing is easily carried out through the open end hole of the section; this allows you to strictly control the spatial location of the high-voltage leads of the transformer windings, which helps to increase its electrical strength and, accordingly, the reliability of the generator;

- place the transformer in a separate autonomous section and thereby prevent air from entering the dielectric of the high-voltage winding of the transformer when disassembling the cascade part of the generator. After the generator is assembled, only short-term vacuum pumping is required, which takes several times less time than complete removal of air from the layered dielectric.

The location of the start system of the spark gap of the first stage in the section with a charging transformer allows you to save space inside the generator and thereby save the mass-dimensional characteristics inherent in the prototype generator.

Fixing the generator cascades on a metal plate with the section housing removed allows for high-quality assembly of the generator, since it provides easy access to all nodes and parts of the generator, which greatly simplifies the process of soldering, fixing threaded joints, etc. High-quality assembly carried out in convenient conditions helps to improve the reliability of any device.

After fixing the generator cascades on the plate, the resulting assembly is installed on the section with a pulse transformer so that high-voltage leads from the transformer and the start circuit pass into the holes of the plate into the volume of the second section. Here they are connected to the corresponding elements of the generator, after which the body is put on the second section, and the plate is clamped between the adjacent flanges of both sections until the adjacent surfaces are closed. At the same time, sealing of the case and high-quality contact of the plate with both sections are ensured. The latter is very important to prevent sparking when large pulsed currents flow through the specified assembly.

To increase the structural strength of the structure, it is required to maintain maximum gaps between the high-voltage terminals of the transformer and the starting circuit and the edges of the holes of the grounded plate. This is ensured by precise positioning of the leads relative to the holes. As a rule, the stiffness of the wires used for the leads is not large enough, and accidental deformation of the wire can lead to a decrease in insulating gaps. Therefore, it is necessary to use rigid dielectric holders that can withstand the exact installation of high voltage leads.

Thus, in this invention, the use of the above distinguishing features leads to increased stability of the output voltages and the reliability of the Arkadyev-Marx generator, provided that its elements are compactly located.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows a section and a fragment of a section of the inventive generator with a view from the side of the capacitors, where:

1 - section of the charging transformer and starting system;

2 - section of the cascade generator;

3, 4 - adjacent section flanges;

5 - a metal plate;

6 - pulse charging transformer;

7 - output of the primary winding of the transformer;

8 - high voltage connector;

9 - high-voltage leads from a transformer and a starting system;

10 - dielectric holders;

11 - elements of the start-up system of the spark gap of the first stage;

12 - controlled arrester of the first stage;

13 - capacitors of the cascades of the generator;

14 - charging inductance coils;

15 - insulator support racks;

16 - holes in the plate 5;

17 - the base section of the transformer.

The compact Arkadyev-Marx generator has two sections hermetically connected to each other. In section 1, a pulse transformer 6 is located, which provides charging of the capacitors of the generator, and elements 11 of the triggering system of the spark gap of the first stage. In section 2, there are cascades of the Arkadyev-Marx generator having the arrangement of elements according to the prototype generator. All cascade elements (arresters, including a controlled arrester 12 of the first stage, capacitors 13, charging inductors 14) are mounted on a metal plate 5 using insulator racks 15. In the assembly process, section 1 is first assembled with the section housing removed . On the basis of section 17, a pulse transformer 6 and elements 11 of the start system are fixed. High-voltage leads 9 are secured in dielectric holders 10. Then, the case of section 1 is put on, and the terminal 7 of the transformer primary winding is soldered to connector 8 through an open flange 4. After that, plate 5 is mounted on section 1 so that the dielectric holders pass through the center of the holes 16 in plate. The elements of a cascade generator are fixed on the plate, and the high-voltage leads 9 are soldered to the charging inductance coil 14 and the control electrode of the spark gap 12. Then, the housing is put on section 2, and the flanges 3, 4 are pulled together by bolts, tightly clamping the plate 5 until the adjacent surfaces are closed. Next, in section 2, the load and cover are installed (not shown in the figure). The device features of the inventive generator allow at any stage of the assembly to carry out comfortable all technological operations (soldering, threaded connection of parts, etc.) and control their quality due to the openness of the structure and the absence of inaccessible components and elements.

The device operates as follows. When a high-voltage pulse is supplied to connector 8, capacitors 13 are charged from the pulse transformer 6. At the time of maximum charging of the capacitors 13, an ignition pulse is generated in the start-up system, which is supplied to the control electrode of the spark gap 12, which leads to its breakdown and then to the operation of all other spark gaps. In this case, a high-voltage pulse is generated at the load, the amplitude of which can be n times the amplitude of the voltage supplied to connector 8, where n is the number of stages of the generator.

Using the claimed features, an experimental ten-stage Arkadyev-Marx generator was manufactured and tested for an output voltage of 1.1 MB for an electron accelerator. The inventive device reliably and without gaps ensured the formation of voltage pulses on the tube up to 1.1 MB with a rms spread of not more than 1%, which is several times smaller than in the device according to the prototype, and multiple assembly and disassembly of the generator carried out during tests to change its output parameters were carried out with significantly less labor and greater reliability of high-current electrical connections.

Claims (1)

The Arkadyev-Marx generator, which contains several stages with capacitors and a spark gap in each stage, as well as a pulse charging transformer, all elements of the generator are located in a metal sealed housing, characterized in that the spark gap of the first stage is controllable and equipped with a start system, the generator housing is divided into two sections with flanges, in one section there is a pulse charging transformer and a starting system, generator stages are installed in another section and mounted on a metal plate moreover, the plate is sandwiched between adjacent flanges of the housing sections until the end faces of the plate and flanges are closed and has holes in which dielectric holders of the high-voltage terminals of the pulse transformer and the start system are installed with a radial clearance relative to the edges of the holes.

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