RU2575298C2 - Shell mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: cutter has a working part with a round external surface and cylindrical and end detachable or permanent parts, in which multiple sockets are made for the installation and mechanical securing of replaceable cutting plates. On the cylindrical part the cutting plates are installed by screw groups along the external surface in at least two columns. At the end part the cutting plates are installed by at least one row, they are not included in the screw group and have simultaneously participating in cutting two cutting edges, or are additionally installed in at least one row of the installed cutting plates included in the screw group. Selection of the cutting plate parameters is provided.

EFFECT: reduced loads on the main cutting edges of the cutting plates, increased strength.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to devices used for processing materials by cutting, in particular to mills for processing difficult to process materials, including titanium alloys.

State of the art

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2463134 the design of a milling cutter with helical teeth is disclosed, comprising an outer surface with grooves made in it and located by a helical group along it. The cutting inserts are arranged in a helical group so that at least one cutting edge of the cutting insert is defined in the circumferential circumferential direction from the groove under the adjacent cutting insert. This design allows you to ensure even distribution of loads and reduce vibrations that occur during the cutting process, and thereby increase the tool life.

However, for a milling cutter with helical teeth disclosed in RF patent No. 2463134, it is difficult to obtain high resistance of the cutting edges of its cutting inserts when machining difficultly processed materials, in particular titanium alloys, since this design does not provide optimal loading of the cutting edges of the cutting inserts.

The RF patent No. 2348492 discloses the design of a helical end mill containing a housing having a circular outer surface, which is located around the axis of rotation and on which there are nests for fixing the cutting inserts. The angular distance of the inserts within each row and between the rows is uneven. This provides increased vibration resistance by eliminating harmonic vibrations that occur during cutting.

For the screw end mill disclosed in RF patent No. 2348492, it is also difficult to obtain high resistance of the cutting edges of its cutting inserts when machining titanium alloys, since this design also does not take into account the loading characteristics of the cutting edges of the cutting inserts.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an improved design of the end-cylindrical mill for its use in the processing of difficult to process materials, in particular titanium alloys, by optimizing the loading of the cutting edges of the cutting inserts mounted on the working part of the proposed design.

The problem is solved by means of a set of features given in the relevant claims. In particular, an end-cylindrical milling cutter is proposed, comprising a working part with a circular outer surface located around the axis of rotation, including cylindrical and end parts, in which a plurality of sockets are made for fixing cutting inserts therein. Moreover, the ratios of the first front axial cutting angles of the main cutting edges to their lengths of cutting inserts included in the helical group, and the ratios of the second front axial cutting angles of the main cutting edges to their lengths of cutting inserts mounted on the end part of the working part, are within (1, 6-2.3) deg / mm.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a face-cylindrical milling cutter comprising:

a working part with a circular outer surface located around the axis of rotation, including cylindrical and end removable or non-removable parts, in which many sockets are made for installing and mechanically securing interchangeable cutting inserts;

moreover, on the cylindrical part, the cutting inserts are mounted by screw groups along the outer surface in at least two columns, and on the end part, the cutting plates are installed in at least one row, not included in the screw group and having two cutting parts simultaneously involved in the cutting edges, or additionally installed, in at least one row of cutting inserts included in the screw group;

In accordance with the present invention, the ratios of the first axial cutting axes (γ _p1 ) of the main cutting edges to their lengths (B ₁ ) of the inserts included in the helical group, and the ratios of the second axial cutting angles (γ _p2 ) of the main cutting edges to their lengths (B ₂₎ of cutting inserts mounted on the end part of the outer circumferential surface of the working part, are in the following ranges:

γ _p1 / B ₁ and γ _p2 / B ₂ = (1.6-2.3) deg / mm, where:

B ₁ , B ₂ - the lengths of the main cutting edges, respectively, of the cutting inserts included in the screw group and not included in it and located on the end part;

γ _p1 - first axial rake cutting angle, deg;

γ _p2 - second axial rake cutting angle, deg.

According to one preferred embodiment, the first and second axial rake cutting angles are in the range of 18-20 degrees.

According to a second preferred embodiment, the lengths of the main cutting edges of the cutting inserts are respectively in the following ranges B ₁ = 8-11 mm, B ₂ = 10-13 mm.

According to another preferred embodiment, the length of the main cutting edge and the first axial cutting angle of the cutting inserts included in the helical group are respectively equal to B ₁ = 9.525 mm, γ _p1 = 20 deg.

According to another preferred embodiment, the length of the main cutting edge and the second axial cutting angle of the cutting inserts not included in the screw group are respectively equal to B ₂ = 12 mm, γ _p2 = 19 degrees.

For a better understanding, but only as an example, the invention will be described with reference to the drawing, in which figure 1 shows a General view from the side to the end milling cutter in accordance with the present invention.

Detailed drawing description

Consider figure 1, showing the mill end-cylindrical in side view.

In accordance with the present invention, the proposed design of the end-cylindrical milling cutter is developed according to the results of numerous field tests carried out in the processing of titanium alloys.

End milling cutter 10 contains:

the working part 12 with a circular outer surface located around the axis of rotation 14, containing a cylindrical 16 and end 18 removable or non-removable parts, in which there are many sockets 20 for installing and mechanically securing interchangeable cutting inserts 22, 24, 26;

moreover, on the cylindrical part 16, the cutting inserts 22 are mounted by screw groups 28 along the outer surface in at least two columns, and on the end part 18, the cutting inserts 24 are installed in at least one row not included in the screw group 28 and having simultaneously participating in the cutting two cutting edges 30 and 32, or additionally installed, at least in one row, the cutting inserts 26 included in the screw group 28.

According to the proposed design of the mill end-cylindrical relationship of the first front axial cutting angles γ _{p1 of the} main cutting edges 34 to their lengths B _{1 of the} cutting inserts 22 and 26 included in the screw group 28, and the ratio of the second axial front cutting angles γ _{p2 of the} main cutting edges 30 to their lengths B _{2 of the} cutting inserts 24 mounted on the end part 18 of the circular outer surface of the working part 12 are in the following ranges:

γ _p1 / B ₁ and γ _p2 / B ₂ = (1.6-2.3) deg / mm, where:

B ₁ , B ₂ - the lengths of the main cutting edges, respectively, of the cutting inserts included 22 and 26 in the screw group 28 and not included 24 in it and located on the end part 18;

γ _p1 is the first axial rake angle of cutting, deg;

γ _p2 - second axial rake cutting angle, deg.

In accordance with one preferred embodiment, the first γ _p1 and second γ _p2 axial rake cutting angles are in the range of 18-20 degrees.

According to another preferred embodiment, the lengths of the main cutting edges of the cutting inserts 22, 24 and 26 are respectively in the following ranges B ₁ = 8-11 mm, B ₂ = 10-13 mm.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment, the length of the main cutting edge and the first axial cutting angle γ _{p1 of the} cutting inserts 22 and 26 included in the screw group are respectively B ₁ = 9.525 mm, γ _p1 = 20 degrees.

According to another preferred embodiment, the length of the main cutting edge B ₂ and the second axial cutting angle γ _{p2 of the} cutting inserts 24 that are not included in the screw group 28 are respectively equal to B ₂ = 12 mm, γ _p2 = 19 degrees.

The above ratios of the first γ _p1 and second γ _p2 axial cutting angles of the main cutting edges of the inserts 22, 24 and 26 mounted on the milling cutter 10 to the lengths of the corresponding main cutting edges B ₁ and B ₂ reduce the load on the main cutting the edges of the inserts and thereby contribute to an increase in the durability of the cutting edges of the inserts.

The above specific values of the first γ _p1 and second γ _p2 axial cutting angles and the lengths of the corresponding main cutting edges B ₁ and B _{2 of the} cutting inserts 22, 24 and 26 provide optimal cutting conditions for specific conditions when processing specific grades of titanium alloys.

Although the present invention has been described with a certain degree of detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the essence and scope of the invention set forth in the following claims.

Claims (5)

1. The end-cylindrical mill (10), containing the working part (12) with a circular outer surface located around the axis of rotation (14), including a cylindrical (16) and end (18) removable or non-removable parts, in which many nests are made ( 20) for installing and mechanically securing interchangeable cutting inserts (22, 24, 26), moreover, on the cylindrical part (16) the cutting inserts (22) are installed with screw groups (28) along the outer surface in at least two columns, and on the end face parts (18) are installed cutting plates (24) at least re in the same row, not included in the screw group (28) and having two cutting edges simultaneously participating in the cutting (30 and 32), or additionally installed at least in one row the cutting plates (26) included in the screw group (28) characterized in that the ratio of the first front axial cutting angles (γ _p1 ) of the main cutting edges (34) to their lengths (B ₁ ) of the cutting inserts (22, 26) included in the screw group (28), and the ratio of the second axial front angles cutting (γ _p2) of main cutting edges (30) to their length (B ₂₎ of cutting inserts (24) mounted on the end face hour and (18) of the outer circumferential surface of the working part (12), chosen between:
γ _p1 / B ₁ and γ _p2 / B ₂ = (1.6-2.3) deg / mm, where:
B ₁ , B ₂ - the lengths of the main cutting edges of the respective cutting inserts included (22, 26) in the screw group (28) and not included (24) in it and located on the end part (18);
γ _p1 is the first axial rake angle of cutting, deg;
γ _p2 - second axial rake cutting angle, deg. 2. The end-cylindrical mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second axial front cutting angles are selected within 18-20 degrees. 3. The end-cylindrical mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the lengths of the main cutting edges of the cutting inserts (22, 24, 26) are selected within the range of B ₁ = 8-11 mm, B ₂ = 10-13 mm. 4. The end-cylindrical mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the main cutting edge and the first axial cutting angle of the cutting inserts (22, 26) included in the screw group are respectively equal to B ₁ = 9.525 mm, γ _p1 = 20 deg . 5. The end-cylindrical mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the main cutting edge and the second axial cutting angle of the cutting inserts (24) not included in the screw group are respectively equal to B ₂ = 12 mm, γ _p2 = 19 degrees.

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