RU2574674C1 - Method of rescue in water and device for rescue in water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue work.

SUBSTANCE: method of rescue in water comprises delivery of saving means to the site of disaster on target designation coming from the distressed people or floating facilities, by aircraft carriers. The saving means is delivered by underwater device self-directed in water on signals of hydroacoustic beacon, which a distressed person is equipped with. A person is captured by the network-trawl released from the underwater rescue device. In the absence of hydroacoustic beacons on the body of distressed people the search of the distressed is carried out by sounding the hydrosphere by the searchlight sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning with use of high and low frequency channels and by means of video surveillance using the thermal imager.

EFFECT: enhanced functional capabilities of similar methods and devices, increasing the efficiency of salvage services.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft technology for rescue and life support for people in distress on the water, and can be used by the emergency rescue service of the navy.

Known methods and devices for rescuing people in distress at sea, developed instructions and guidelines for finding those in distress at sea, and also describes aircraft (aircraft, helicopters) as modern means by which delivery and discharge into the zone are carried out actions to rescue boats and rafts, as well as the delivery of a rescue diver at the same time under certain conditions of rescue at sea (slight disturbance at sea) (Guide to Search and Rescue at Sea (1MS08AK). M: CRIF "Morflot", 1982, from. 103 (search by aircraft), 112-113 (rescue by aircraft) [1]).

Known methods and devices for assisting distressed boats (aground, loss of buoyancy after a hole), while it does not provide technical means delivered in urgent emergencies by air (Ya. I. Dunaevsky. Removing ships aground. M: Transport, 1980, p. 65 [2]).

Known methods and devices for extinguishing a fire on a boat on the sea: fire fighting on a boat (ship, etc.) from the sea is carried out by fire boats, which during a fire, as a rule, are at a fairly large distance from the distressed boat (E . I. Dunaevsky, A. V. Zhbanov. Salvation at sea. Handbook. M: Transport, 1991, pp. 79-82) [3].

Known designs of elastic rescue equipment (boats, rafts, pontoons) during emergency rescue operations at sea (V.I. Alekseev. Elastic structures for emergency rescue operations at sea. L .: Sudostroenie, 1989, p. 44 [4] )

Closest to the proposed invention are the methods and devices described in the book: N.M. Alexandrov. Human safety at sea. L .: Shipbuilding, 1983, p. 149-157 [5], patents RU No. 2028248 C1, 02/09/1995 [6], RU No. 20411260, 08/09/1995 [7], RU No. 2226479 C2, 04/10/2004 [8], RU No. 2238407 C1, 10.07. 2008 [9], RU No. 201114243 C1, 06/15/1994 [10], RU No. 2186707 C1, 08/10/2002 [11], RU No. 2062731 C1, 06/27/1996 [12], DE No. 4311473 A1, 10/13/1994 [ 13], US No. 5447115 A, 09/09/1995 [14], FR No. 2518491 A1, 06.24.1983 [15]. These methods and devices use discharged uncontrolled inflatable rafts and pontoons or guided underwater vehicles. In the initial position, until they are activated, they are folded and occupy relatively small volumes, made of waterproof fabric. The buoyancy raft is filled with non-toxic non-combustible gas at a pressure of 0.5 ÷ 0.6 MPa. In the described methods and devices, flying vehicles (helicopters, airplanes) are used as an emergency aid to deliver them to the water disaster site.

The rescue methods on the water and devices for their implementation, described in the above analogues and prototype, have several disadvantages:

- a relatively large error in the distance to the rescue target at the time of bringing the rescue equipment into the zone of their action on the water when delivered;

- lack of means of target detection and management of rescue equipment;

- insufficient efficiency of these devices due to the lack of necessary actions on the part of rescue equipment (urgent supply of a liferaft for a person).

The noted disadvantages are eliminated by the method and device for its implementation, which solves the problem of providing one integrated device for saving and life-support for people in distress (patent No. 2288132 C2, 11/27/2006 [16]. The described method and device are adopted as a prototype.

A device for implementing the method of rescue on water, the device is made in the form of a homing underwater vehicle (SPA), equipped with an acoustic detection and direction finding system for rescue targets (people) and special devices operating directly at the target, providing support for the person by using rafts delivered by a homing underwater vehicle .

Due to the presence of these elements in the claimed device, accurate delivery of rescue equipment by a homing underwater vehicle by signals of a sonar beacon (station), which is provided to a person in distress in advance, is ensured: in the rescue zone, a person is captured by a trawl network discharged from the SPA, followed by a rescue vessel raft.

A significant disadvantage of the known method and device for its implementation [16] is that it has significant restrictions on use, since the search for a distressed person can be carried out only if the distressed person is equipped with a beacon in advance.

However, the majority of accidents at offshore economic facilities of anthropogenic nature occur unexpectedly, and disaster-prone people at sea find themselves in most cases without personal protective equipment, including beacons.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the known method and device for its implementation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of rescue on water, which includes determining the place of a disaster, the delivery of rescue equipment by aircraft carriers to the scene of a catastrophe, the use of rescue equipment, while the delivery of rescue equipment is performed by a homing underwater vehicle discharged from aircraft carriers equipped with an acoustic detection system and direction finding a person in distress, with a capacity raft, which is made of a sealed elastomeric material, and a net-trawl, carry out two homing in the water of a homing underwater vehicle according to the acoustic signals of a beacon, which are supplied to the person in distress before the disaster, not reaching the target at a distance of 3σ, where σ is the standard error of determining the place of the person in distress, released from the homing underwater vehicle net-trawl, the movement of a homing underwater vehicle with an open trawl network before contact with a person in distress, stop the movement of a homing underwater vehicle, separated from it capacity-raft, direct the capacity-raft along the cable-cable connecting the net-trawl with a homing underwater vehicle to a person in distress, while during the ascent, the capacity-raft is filled with gas, the source of which is installed on it in advance, in addition to detecting a person in distress performed by probing the hydrosphere with a parametric sonar in the difference frequency range from 5 to 50 kHz, by probing the hydrosphere with a step search sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning using using high-frequency and low-frequency channels (60/153 or 85/215 kHz), by video surveillance using a thermal imager, while in a rescue device on the water, used at the disaster site and delivered to it by aircraft, made in the form of a homing underwater vehicle, composed which includes an acoustic system for the detection and direction finding of a person in distress on water with a sonar beacon placed on it, a network-trawl in a folded form, connected by a cable-rope to a homing underwater a a paratom, and a container-raft made of a sealed elastomeric material on which a gas source is pre-installed, a parametric sonar operating in the difference frequency range from 5 to 50 kHz, a step search sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning using high-frequency and low-frequency channels are additionally introduced (60/153 or 85/215 kHz), thermal imager, receiver indicator of the satellite radio navigation system, information input-output connected to the information input-output of the acoustic Coy detection and direction-finding distressed person water.

The proposed method and device are illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-3.

In FIG. 1, 2 shows the sequence of actions of the rescue method in the case of helping a person in distress on water.

In FIG. 3 shows a structural diagram of a device for implementing the rescue method on human water.

The rescue method in the embodiment of helping a person in distress on water 1 (Fig. 1) is as follows. As in the prototype [16], after the search and rescue station (rescue center) receives distress signals from radio beacons or ship radio stations, which are provided in advance to those in distress or directly from a marine facility, the aircraft will be delivered to the scene (aircraft, helicopters )

The rescue device in the form of a homing underwater vehicle is delivered by aircraft directly to the disaster area, is dropped from aircraft 3 by parachute or from a helicopter by dropping at low altitude. The SPA reaches the water surface and after deepening to a predetermined depth of travel in automatic mode, using the acoustic detection and direction finding system of target 8, it moves in the near-surface water layer to injured person 1, if the person is provided with an acoustic beacon 4 in advance.

When approaching a person in distress, 1 at a distance of 3σ to him, where σ is the standard error of determining the distance, a net-trawl 6 is connected from SPA 2, connected to SPA 2 by a flexible power cable 5, which is towed by moving SPA 2 until contact with the victim then the movement of the apparatus stops, the container-raft 7 made of a sealed elastomeric material is separated from the SPA 2. Then, along the cable cable 5 connecting the SPA 2 to the trawl network 6, a container-raft 7 is sent to a person in distress (or directly beneath it), filled with gas, the source of which is located on a container-raft.

If the person in distress does not have a beacon, the search for the person in distress is carried out in the following sequence.

After splashing SPA 2 through the channel of the satellite radio navigation system (receiver indicator 10), through the antenna 11 from the delivery vehicle SPA 2, a signal is transmitted to start the propulsors of SPA 2.

After deepening to a predetermined depth at SPA 2, means are included for searching for a person in distress who do not have individual means for delivering a distress signal, namely a parametric sonar 12 operating in the difference frequency range from 5 to 50 kHz, step search sonar 13 with horizontal and vertical scanning with using high-frequency and low-frequency channels (60/153 or 85/215 kHz), thermal imager 14.

When a person in distress is found by means of search tools 12, 13, 14, by determining his location, SPA 2 is sent to the disaster point and performs operations in the sequence, as in the case of a distressed beacon.

The device for saving a person on the water (Fig. 3) contains, as part of a self-guided underwater vehicle 2, driven by its own power plant, a cable cable 5, a network trawl 6 and a container raft 7 with a gas source 9, an acoustic detection and direction finding system 8 targets, receiver indicator 10 of the satellite radio navigation system with antenna 11, parametric sonar 12, operating in the difference frequency range from 5 to 50 kHz, step search sonar 13 with horizontal and vertical scanning using high frequency and low-frequency channels (60/153 or 85/215 kHz), thermal imager 14. The receiving indicator 10 of the satellite radio navigation system, information input-output connected to the information input-output of the acoustic system 8 for detecting and direction finding a person in distress on water.

Parametric sonar 12 is a parametric sonar that operates in the range of difference frequencies from 5 to 50 kHz. Moreover, the difference frequency can change in the specified range either manually (smoothly) or automatically from pulse to pulse after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 sends. The tuning step in automatic mode is 175 kHz. The tuning of the difference frequency can be carried out during one pulse according to the linear law (radiation of linearly-frequency-modulated pulses). The duration of the probe pulses varies from 0.1 to 300 μs. The average pump frequency is 165 kHz. The width of the directivity characteristic over the entire frequency range is constant and is 4 degrees.

Analogues of parametric sonar 10 are the devices described in the book: Voronin V.A., Tarasov S.P., Timoshenko V.I. Hydroacoustic parametric systems. Rostov-on-Don: Rostizdat, 2004, p. 224-268.

The step search sonar 13 with horizontal and vertical scanning is a two-frequency sonar, high-frequency and low-frequency channels (60/153 or 85/215 kHz) are integrated in one housing and are designed for horizontal and vertical scanning, scanning in a circle, as well as combined vertical scanning and scan in full or half circle. An analogue is a step search sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning of the type SN-300.

The thermal imager 14 is a MIC 412 thermal imager. The cameras are manufactured in strict accordance with existing standards and represent the most reliable dual-spectrum video surveillance system.

The compact Bosch MIC 412 TI type 15 thermal imager contains a high-quality day / night optical module and a FLIR thermal module, which are located next to each other in the housing.

18 / 36x day / night camera modules are combined with the 50mm FLIR uncooled thermal imager and provide advanced imaging capabilities, for example, based on spectral temperature fluctuations or the identification of hot and cold spots at a distance of 780 m. The FLIR thermal imager is equipped with a built-in sun protection device, which ensures self-adjustment of the camera in direct sunlight.

Brushless technology provides ultra-reliable silent operation, and a special transducer allows continuous 360 ° panning and 320 ° tilt.

The MIC1-412 thermal imagers are compatible with all connecting cables, brackets, control equipment and power supplies of the MIC1 series, which provides ease of installation, integration and operation.

The claimed method and device can also be used by the rescue services of the Ministry of Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief and the search and rescue service of astronauts and descent spacecraft, etc.

Information sources

1. Guide to search and rescue at sea (1MS08AK). M .: CRIL "Morflot", 1982, p. 103 (search by aircraft), 112-113 (rescue by aircraft).

2. Ya.I. Dunaevsky. Removing ships aground. M .: Transport, 1980, p. 65.

3. E.Ya. Dunaevsky, A.V. Zhbanov. Salvation at sea. Directory. M .: Transport, 1991, p. 79-82.

4. V.I. Alekseev. Elastic structures for rescue operations at sea. L .: Shipbuilding, 1989, p. 44.

5. N.M. Alexandrov. Human safety at sea. L .: Shipbuilding, 1983, p. 149-157.

6. Patent RU No. 20282480, 02/09/1995.

7. Patent RU No. 2041126 C1, 08/09/1995.

8. Patent RU No. 2226479 C2, 04/10/2004.

9. Patent RU No. 232384070, 07/10/2008.

10. Patent RU No. 201114243 C1, 06/15/1994.

11. Patent RU No. 21867070, 08/10/2002.

12. Patent RU No. 2062731 C1, 06/27/1996.

13. DE patent No. 4311473 A1, 10/13/1994.

14. US patent No. 5447115 A, 09/05/1995.

15. Patent FR No. 2518491 A1, 06.24.1983.

16. Patent No. 2288132 C2, 11/27/2006.

Claims (2)

1. A method of rescue on water, including determining the location of a disaster, delivery of rescue equipment by aircraft carriers to the scene of a catastrophe, using rescue equipment, while the delivery of rescue equipment is carried out by a self-guided underwater vehicle discharged from aircraft, equipped with an acoustic detection and direction finding system for a person in distress, with a capacity - the raft, which is made of a sealed elastomeric material, and the net-trawl, carry out movements in the water of a homing underwater appar According to the acoustic signals of the beacon, which are supplied to the person in distress before the disaster, with a distance of 3σ not reaching the target site, where σ is the standard error of determining the place of the person in distress, the net-trawl is released from the homing underwater vehicle, and the homing underwater vehicle is moved with open trawl network before contact with a person in distress, stop the movement of a homing underwater vehicle, separate the vessel-raft from it, direct the vessel-raft through cable-t dew, connecting the net-trawl with a homing underwater vehicle, for a person in distress, while during the ascent, the container-raft is filled with gas, the source of which is pre-installed on it, characterized in that the additional detection of the person in distress is performed by sensing the hydrosphere with a parametric sonar in the range of difference frequencies from 5 to 50 kHz, by probing the hydrosphere with a step search sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning using high-frequency and second low frequency channel (60/153 or 85/215 kHz) and by means of video teplovizira. 2. A device for rescue on water, used at a disaster site and delivered to it by aircraft, made in the form of a homing underwater vehicle, which includes an acoustic system for detecting and detecting a person in distress on water with a sonar beacon placed on it, a trawl network when folded, connected by a cable-cable to a homing underwater vehicle, and a container-raft made of a sealed elastomeric material on which a gas source is installed in advance, from characterized in that the water rescue device further comprises a parametric sonar operating in the difference frequency range from 5 to 50 kHz, a step search sonar with horizontal and vertical scanning using high-frequency and low-frequency channels (60/153 or 85/215 kHz), thermal imager, with information outputs connected to the information input of an acoustic system for detecting and direction finding a person in distress on water, receiver indicator of a satellite radio navigation system, information with an input-output connected to the information input-output of an acoustic system for the detection and direction finding of a person in distress on water.

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