RU2573333C1 - Rodenticide portable unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rodenticide unit consists of a tubular-shaped reservoir. The reservoir is a housing of the unit. At the end of the housing a dispenser of a rocker type or a rotary type with shutters interacting synchronously is mounted. The lower shutter keeps the passage opening closed. The upper shutter in opening the lower shutter closes synchronously the passage opening of the dispenser. The possibility of dosed placement of the bait is ensured.

EFFECT: increased productivity, reduced risk of operator contact with poisons.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for spreading poison on the fields of agricultural land in order to control agricultural pests.

Due to pests, business entities lose a significant amount of the harvest of grain, vegetables, fruits, milk, etc.

In addition, because of the constant need to sharpen teeth, mouse-like rodents even bite steel wires and disable hundreds of units of various equipment.

Moreover, pests are carriers of dangerous infections, including plague, hemorrhoidal fever, leptospirosis, etc.

In order to prevent the dangerous propagation of pests, a number of measures are being taken.

The main way to destroy pests is the systematic conduct of deratization work, which consists in unfolding various types of toxic baits.

Unfolding the bait is carried out in three ways: solid, nest and point.

In the continuous method, toxic baits in the form of pickled grain waste of various crops are loaded into centrifugal fertilizer spreaders and the entire infected area is treated in a continuous

The disadvantages of this method are: excessive consumption of toxic substances and total toxic infection of significant areas.

This leads to the death of other species of non-hazardous animals, and especially birds.

The nesting method provides for mechanized unfolding of baits with the help of mechanized spreaders mounted on vehicles - cars or tractor trailers (see Shamaev GP, Sheruda SD “Mechanization of crop protection from pests and diseases.” Edition. 3rd , revised and additional M: Kolos, 1978, chap. VI).

With the nesting method, the consumption of toxic substances is optimized due to the localization of the layout of the baits.

But both mechanized methods - solid and nesting - have a fundamental drawback.

They can be used only in very favorable weather and climatic conditions, when mechanical means can move around the field without getting stuck and without forming a rut destructive for crops.

Usually, during the period of waiting for favorable conditions for the movement of mechanized means, crops can be so damaged that further struggle with rodents loses all economic sense.

Therefore, immediately after snow melting, the point method remains the most acceptable and effective.

Point introduction of toxic baits is carried out manually by searching for rodent colonies and laying portions of toxic baits directly at the entrance to burrows or along the paths of their movement.

Usually, for this, several workers line up at a small interval and, passing through the territory by shuttle, bait near the mink using a spoon with an elongated handle.

Since these works are mainly carried out in the autumn-winter-spring period, those working at low temperatures and in a cold wind have huge problems associated with the risk of direct contact with poison (it is necessary to wipe eyes that have been soaking from the wind, blow their nose, take food, etc.). d.).

In addition to the risk of poisoning, this dramatically reduces labor productivity.

From patents SU No. 1423082, A01M 25/0 and RU No. 2168898, A01N 47/46, A61L 9/00 it is known that mechanization options for the layout of toxic baits are offered.

The device according to patent SU No. 1423082, containing a dosing tank mounted on a rod mounted on a pistol grip with a remotely controlled lid, is designed to enter the bait directly into the hole.

The main disadvantage of this device is that the pickled bait is in open form and the operator has both hands engaged. In one, he must hold a container (bucket) with a bait, and in the other - a device.

When immersing the device in a bucket, it is necessary to fill the dosing tank and close the lid, then you must enter the device into the hole, open the cover and turn to the side, pour the bait into the hole.

Such a device is justified and effective especially indoors and in very small areas.

For the mass layout of several hundred and even thousands of doses in one day in the fields, it is not effective.

The most preferred, which is the prototype, is a rodenticidal knapsack apparatus according to the patent RU No. 2148912.

The apparatus consists of a reservoir with a lid equipped with shoulder straps and an exhaust valve. The bottom of the tank is connected to a hose, the opposite end of which is connected to a cylinder, inside which a metering piston is placed.

The metering piston is mounted on a rod equipped with a spring-loaded control handle.

The device works as follows: the tank is filled with bait and closed with a lid, then the operator using shoulder straps puts the tank on his back. The exhaust valve opens and the bait through the hose enters the cylinder with a metering piston.

The operator, holding the cylinder in one hand, the other tells the metering piston reciprocating motion. At each stroke, a certain dose of bait is pushed out by the piston to the right place.

The device allows you to isolate the operator from possible contact with poisons and significantly increase labor productivity, as well as the accuracy of the layout of strictly dosed baits.

The principal disadvantages of this device are that:

firstly, toxic baits mixed with waste products with the addition of odorous oils have reduced flowability and are prone to vault formation. So that the arch does not hang in the tank, a ripper rod is provided in it, which must be systematically rotated. In winter clothes, it’s very difficult for the operator to reach back behind his back. Therefore, most likely you will have to resort to the help of a partner, and these are unnecessary unproductive movements around the field in very unfavorable conditions;

secondly, the grain waste used for baits is very heterogeneous in composition: from fine crushing and dust to large grains. On a piston moving in a closed cylinder, an oiled bait may gradually stick to, which can lead to jamming of the piston or deterioration of its mobility;

thirdly, the lower section of the cylinder is not protected from accidental clogging when it comes into contact with the ground;

fourthly, despite the convenience of the suspension behind, the operator needs to hold the cylinder in front with two hands, which complicates and tires the operator, especially when walking on insufficiently aligned and viscous fields;

fifthly, such devices are supposed to be used repeatedly for several years, and for this, when putting them into storage, they must be cleaned and washed and neutralized the toxic substances in contact with which they were. Complex construction of hoses, pistons and cylinders is quite difficult to handle;

sixthly, it is impossible to promptly change the dosage directly in the field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The task to which this invention is directed is to create a portable rodenticidal apparatus that is simple in design and maintenance, reliable in operation, providing maximum performance and high safety guarantees for personnel.

This is achieved by the fact that a section of a hollow pipe of a given length made of plastic or metal of any shape (round, rectangular, square, etc.) is used as a reservoir.

In the upper part of the pipe is closed by a fixed cap.

A tip with a dispenser is inserted into the bottom of the pipe.

Around the middle part of the pipe, on the tank pipe, on a special clamp, a handle with a drive bracket is attached from below, and a shoulder strap is attached to the clamp from above.

Pulling over the neck through the back and chest of the belt, the tank-pipe is suspended between the body and one of the hands.

With the same hand, the operator holds the tank from the bottom by the handle and with a forefinger pulls the bracket, which through the rod makes the dispenser trigger the dose of bait from the pipe tip.

Detailed examples of the implementation of the present invention, which are the subject of protection, are set forth in the following claims.

The essence of the invention is a rodenticidal portable apparatus (hereinafter RPA) is illustrated by the following drawings and corresponding symbols:

in FIG. 1 is a side view showing a general RPA device with an unregulated application rate and a dispenser on a rocking beam;

in FIG. 2 is a side view showing a fragment of a tip with a dispenser and an adjustable dose on a rocking beam;

in FIG. 3 shows a tip with a rotary dispenser in a general side view;

in FIG. 4 shows a tip with a rotary dispenser in a general top view;

in FIG. 5, a tip with a rotary batcher is shown in a general view from the end.

The positions in the listed drawings are indicated:

1. The tank is tubular.

2. Tank cover.

3. Latch latch.

4. Arm clamp.

5. The handle.

6. Traction bar.

7. Screw coupling.

8. Carabiner.

9. Shoulder strap.

10. Tip

10.1 Lower slot.

10.2 Upper slot.

11. Dispenser

11.1 axis of the rocker.

11.2 Rocker

11.3 Bypass bracket.

11.4 Lower damper ..

11.5 Screw

11.6 Upper damper.

11.7 Spring

12. Safety stop.

13. Thrust.

14. The movable clamp.

14.1 Slot of the clamp.

15. The upper flap.

16. Clamp.

17. The shaft housing.

18. Hinge sleeve.

19. The axis of the two shoulders of the lever.

20. Two shoulders lever.

21. Valve shaft.

22. The bottom flap.

23. Upper damper.

24. Screw damper.

25. Takeaway.

26. The spring.

27. Leash.

In FIG. 1 shows a general RPA device.

RPA case and at the same time reservoir 1 is a piece of plastic pipe or stainless steel pipe.

On top of the tank 1 is closed by a lid 2, provided with elastic latches 3.

Around the middle part of the tank 1, a clamp 4 is put on the body, to which the handle 5 and the tie rod 6 are rigidly attached.

The clamp 4 is pulled together by screws 7, for which the shoulder strap 9 is hooked with a carabiner 8.

In the lower part, a tubular tip 10 is inserted into the housing 1, on which the dispenser 11 and the safety stop 12 are mounted.

In the lower part of the tip 10, two slots are cut from opposite sides towards each other and with an offset “a”: the bottom 10.1 and the top 10.2 with a width equal to the inner diameter of the tip pipe.

The dispenser 11 consists of a rocking arm, for example a T-shaped.

With one left side shoulder, the beam is fixed on the axis 11.1 and swings on it.

On one of the shoulders, for example the central one, by means of a bypass bracket 11.3 connected rigidly with it, two shutters 11.4 and 11.6 are mounted towards each other, the lower shutter 11.4 being installed at the end of the shoulder, and the opposite one 11.6 is installed with the screws 11.5 on the bypass bracket 11.3.

The upper flap 11.6 may enter the upper slot 10.2 of the pipe of the tip 10 until it stops in the inner wall.

In the initial state, the lower shutter 11.4 under the influence of the working spring 11.7, abutting against the inner wall of the pipe of the tip 10 opposite from the slot 10.1, completely blocks the inner passage of the pipe.

The upper damper 11.6 in the initial state is fully extended from the inner space of the nozzle pipe and does not obstruct the flow inside the pipe.

The right lateral shoulder of the T-beam is pivotally connected to the rod 13 passing through the hole of the bar 6 and having a loop 13.1 at the end.

On the tip slightly above the upper slot, made in the form of a wire bracket, fixed safety stop 12.

The safety stop 12, on the one hand, covers the yoke 11.2 of the dispenser 11 from the outside and, on the other hand, provides a safe clearance “h” between the lower end of the handpiece tube and the ground, preventing it from becoming clogged with soil.

The device operates as follows.

The pickled mixture is poured into the tank 1. Since in the initial state, the upper shutter 11.6 is open and the lower shutter 11.4 is closed, the mixture does not fall out, but accumulates between the slots 10.1 and 10.2.

After filling, the tank 1 is closed by a lid 2.

With the help of a belt 9, it is worn on the shoulder through the neck and wound sideways under one of the hands, while the upper end of the pipe with the cap is on hand behind the back.

The operator, holding the bottom of the tank with one hand on the handle 5, holds and guides the tip 10 to the desired point.

The index finger is inserted into the loop 13.1, while the other hand is absolutely free and is not involved in the RPA control process.

Pulling the loop 13.1 to the handle 5 by the thrust 13, the beam 11 is actuated, while the lower shutter 1.4 leaves the lower slot 10.1, and the upper 11.6 synchronously enters the upper slot 10.2, blocking the possibility of the etched mixture to flow out.

The volume of the etched mixture in the gap “a” between the shutters is poured out.

When releasing the loop 13.1 under the influence of the spring 11.7, the lower shutter 11.4 returns to its original position and overlaps the internal section of the handpiece pipe, respectively, the upper opens it.

Under pressure of the total mass of the mixture, the released volume is filled between the slots.

So in general terms, the RPA device with an unregulated dose of dumped bait looks like.

Due to the heterogeneity of the composition of the lures and their concentration, it becomes necessary to adjust a single dose.

To enable dose adjustment of the dropping bait, the width of the upper slot 10.2 of the tip 10 is increased (Fig. 2), while the width of the lower slot 10.1 and its configuration remain unchanged.

A movable clamp 14 having a slot 14.1 is inserted onto the tip, into which the upper shutter 15 can freely enter.

The upper shutter 15 differs from the upper shutter 11.6 in that it is movably fixed with the screws 11.5 on the bypass bracket 11.3.

With the displacement of the clamp 14 upwards, the distance “a” between the shutters also increases. Thus, the installation of a fixed dose.

A fixed dose is ejected with a sharp actuation of the dispenser, while due to the impact of the upper damper, an additional shaking of the tip occurs, which contributes to the release of the dose and the destruction of the arch inside the pipe.

But in both cases, the operator has the opportunity to promptly, at his discretion, change the dose without rebuilding the device.

To do this, it is necessary to smoothly install the shutters in the middle of their working stroke and keep the necessary time in this position.

The mixture will flow freely through the gap between the flaps.

The given version of the dispenser on the swinging beam is not technologically advanced in production and especially in assembly.

A possible solution, partially devoid of these drawbacks, could be a rotating dispenser.

Such a dispenser (Fig. 3-5) may consist of a clamp 16, on which the ears of the shaft of the shutters 17 and the sleeve of the hinge 18 of the axis 19 of the two shoulders of the lever 20 are mounted.

On the shaft of the shutters 21 are installed: the bottom shutter 22 and the top 23, and at least one of them, for example the top 23, is mounted movably on the shaft 21 and is fixed in the desired position both at a distance between the shutters and at the relative angle between the screws 24.

A shaft 25 is attached at one end to the shaft, on which a spring 26 acts, which holds the lower flap 22 in a constantly closed state.

A leash 27 is connected to the opposite end of the stem 25 and is connected to the two-arm lever 20.

Two shoulders lever 20 with the other shoulder connected to the rod 13.

Using a two-shouldered lever 20, the reciprocating movement of the thrust 13 is converted into rotational movement of the shaft of the shutters 21.

The principle of operation of such a dispenser is similar to that described previously.

A safety stop 12 is also mounted on the tip 10.

When storing RPA for storage, it is easy to rinse, for which the flaps are held in an intermediate position, and the flushing water is directed into the tank and flows freely.

Simplicity of design, ease of maintenance and high metering accuracy make it possible to efficiently use the apparatus not only in agriculture, but also in forestry, utilities, as well as in places of storage of industrial products, in places of storage of civil and military equipment, etc.

Thus, the proposed technical solution solves the following problems:

- provides a high level of security for operating personnel;

- facilitates working conditions and increases labor productivity;

- minimizes the consumption of toxic drugs;

- optimizes the environmental burden on the environment;

- provides high manufacturability;

- has a minimum price-benefit ratio.

Claims (4)

1. Rodenticide portable apparatus containing a reservoir with a lid, a shoulder strap and a tip with a dispenser, characterized in that the casing of the apparatus is a reservoir in the form of a pipe, closed on top by a lid equipped with a latch, a handle is fixed in the middle of the reservoir with a clamp, for this the shoulder strap is fixed on the opposite side of the handle from the handle, a tubular tip is inserted into the tank at the bottom with two opposed, offset from each other slots with a width equal to the inner the diameter of the tip pipe, which can consistently include the lower and upper metering flaps mounted opposite to each other on opposite sides on one shoulder of the swinging spring-loaded rocker arm, the lower flap in the initial state constantly blocking the dispenser through-hole through the lower slot, and the upper one keeps the hole constantly open pressing the rod, the drive loop of which is on one side on the bracket at the handle, and the other is connected to the other arm of the rocker arm, lower shutter exit um from the lower slot and opens the inner cavity, synchronously with it, the upper one enters the upper slot and overlaps the inner cavity of the tip, while the dose of bait located in the inner cavity of the tip between the lower and upper slots is poured out. 2. The rodenticide portable apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to enable the adjustment of a fixed dose, the upper slot of the tip is made larger relative to the lower slot, and the upper shutter on the beam is fixed with the possibility of changing position on the beam, and a movable clamp is worn between the slots a slot for the flap, by displacing the position of which and, accordingly, the upper flap on the beam, relative to the lower slot, the dose of the bait is set. 3. The rodenticide portable apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispenser is made rotating and the shutters are fixed towards each other on a spring-loaded drive shaft, the drive of which is carried out using a two-shouldered lever that converts the translational movement of the thrust into the rotational movement of the shaft of the shutters, the upper shutter can be movable relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. 4. Rodenticide portable apparatus according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the tip is fixed curved in the form of a bracket safety stop, providing a guaranteed gap between the soil surface and the lower end of the pipe tip.

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