RU2572743C2 - Pipeline movable support and its support unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: pipeline support comprises interacting movable and fixed parts. The movable part includes a semi-cylindrical location bed with semi-circular stiffening ribs on the outer side of the location bed, detachable half-yokes for fixation of the pipeline in the location bed, side cheeks rigidly welded to the location bed and movably fixed to the support foot by means of a hinged joint. The foot is arranged as capable of sliding movement along the surface of the fixed part of the support. The support unit is a support coupling, freely with a gap installed on two half-rings rigidly connected to a foundation pile, on which a support plate is arranged with a hole corresponding to the inner diameter of the coupling. The plate is connected to the coupling by vertical gussets and horizontal stiffening ribs.

EFFECT: even distribution of load from a pipeline to a fixed part of the support, provision of the possibility to displace a movable part of the pipeline support in the specified design modes.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The claimed group of inventions relates to the field of construction of elevated pipelines and can be used when laying pipelines in difficult geological conditions, for example in permafrost conditions, including in the presence of a small slope of the terrain.

A sufficient number of different types of movable supports are known from the prior art. All of them are designed in such a way that, perceiving vertical and horizontal loads from the pipeline, at the same time they do not interfere with its movement both in the direction of its axis and in the transverse direction.

Movable supports are installed to ensure the free movement of pipelines on supports during thermal deformations and possible hydraulic shocks. These supports accept a vertical load - the gravity of pipelines with fittings and thermal insulation of various types placed on them, as well as a horizontal load depending on the coefficient of friction at the base of the support. The amount of friction is affected by the design of the movable support. The most common movable bearings are sliding bearings moving along with the pipe along various supporting structures.

The prior art US patent No. 4128219, according to the application of 05/17/1976, on the "freely movable support", providing the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement of the pipeline as a result of thermal compression and expansion. The structure is formed by mutually crossed vertically and horizontally oriented supporting rod elements detachably interconnected with the possibility of adjusting the position of the pipeline. The pipeline is covered by rigid clamps fixed to a movable horizontal support element. The design of the support and support unit provides multiple possibility of adjusting the position of the pipeline with its rather rigid fixation.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions include a fairly large number of joints, couplers and fasteners, screws and nuts for height adjustment, which creates certain limitations in the methods of using this invention, as well as some difficulties in the repair and routine inspection of the support. The support was designed with a large number of places difficult to access for inspection, so if you need to carry out at least partial repairs, you will need to disassemble the support. In addition, the absence of a rigid connection between piles can lead to deviation of piles during heaving and the fall of supports.

A similar well-known technical solution is also known from the prior art utility model of the Russian Federation No. 128274 "SUPPORT FOR PIPELINE WITH AN SLOPE". The support in accordance with the formula of this utility model comprises a half-clamp covering the pipeline, a base plate and a stand movably connected to each other, a lodgement made in the form of a housing mounted on the stand with the ability to move along it.

The main disadvantage of this design is the inclined location of the sliding surface of the support, which increases the load on the pipeline when operating on soils with a slope. In addition, the design does not contain limiters for the movement of the support, which creates certain risks of movements that go beyond the design limits.

Closest to the claimed group of inventions in technical essence is a longitudinally movable support for the pipeline, comprising a lodgement with clamps covering the pipeline and a support plate with hinges and provided with a stand attached to the lodgement, mounted in hinges. The side cheeks of the stand are beveled to allow the stand to be tilted relative to the base plate (RF patent for utility model No. 64316). The support with its plate is installed on the prepared site. The pipe is lowered onto the lodgement and secured with clamps. The free position of the plate (the sole of the support) on the site provides free movement of the pipe. A shortened stand with hinges increases the support's flexibility to the track.

This support, moving with the pipeline along the site, with an increase in the length of the pipeline (when exposed to positive temperatures) acts on the pipeline with increased loads arising from friction of the plate along the supporting surface of the grillage. In addition, the absence of friction linings between the lodgement and the heat-insulated pipeline can lead to damage to the shell and thermal insulation of the pipe.

The objective of the claimed group of technical solutions is to ensure the reliability and functionality of the structure when operating in difficult geological conditions associated with extremely low temperatures and the possibility of heaving permafrost soils, reducing the risk of pipeline deformation.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed group of inventions is to ensure uniform distribution of the load from the pipeline to the fixed part of the support, to enable displacement of the movable part of the pipe support in predetermined design modes, to prevent deformations in the event of possible soil heaving due to compensating deformation of the support unit on a hinged pile.

The problem is solved in that, in accordance with the claimed technical solution, the movable support of the pipeline contains interacting movable and fixed parts. In this case, the movable part includes a lodgement made in the form of a half cylinder with at least two half-ring stiffeners (frames) located on the outside of the lodgement, detachable half-clamps providing fixation of the pipeline in the lodgement, side cheeks rigidly welded to the lodgement and movably fixed to the sole of the support by means of a swivel, the sole being made with the possibility of sliding movement on the surface of the fixed part of the support. In the manufacture of a movable support with four frames, the latter are placed at an equal distance from each other, while the extreme frames are made at the ends of the lodgement. The swivel joint is equipped with anti-friction bushings that isolate the elements of the swivel joint from corrosion, reduce frictional forces and increase the durability of the assembly. The sole is a flat surface equipped with antifriction corrosion-resistant gaskets, for example, plates of modified fluoroplastic or a thermoplastic material based on polyethylene terephthalate with antifriction properties, while the ends of the sole are bent up with the formation of thresholds. Between the half-clamps and the pipeline, as well as between the lodgement and the pipeline, friction pads made, for example, of siloxane, provide electrical insulation of the pipeline from the pile foundation to minimize corrosion processes, as well as protecting the pipe shell from damage when moving it.

The fixed part of the support can be made for both two-piled and four-piled foundations.

For a two-pile foundation, the fixed part of the support is a grill table made in the form of interconnected beams, lintels and scarves, with a support plate with a sliding surface located on top, and two hinge-type support nodes through which the grill table is fixed to the pile foundation.

For a four-pile foundation, the fixed part of the support is a grill table with a base plate with a sliding surface mounted on longitudinal beams (longitudinally located relative to the pipeline axis), and four hinge-type support nodes through which the longitudinal beams are fixed to the pile foundation.

On the base plate opposite each other are rigidly fixed, for example, by welding, the side stops at a distance, providing the possibility of the estimated transverse movement of the movable part of the support and permissible deviations for mounting the support and installing the pipeline. The sliding surface of the base plate is a corrosion-resistant steel sheet mounted on the base plate. The task is also solved by a structurally different design of the support assembly, which is a support coupling freely mounted with a gap on two half rings rigidly welded to the foundation pile, on which a support plate with an opening corresponding to the inner diameter of the coupling is placed, while the plate is connected to the coupling by vertical kerchiefs, horizontal stiffeners reinforcing the rigidity of the support node. To the grill table, the base plate with holes can be fixed rigidly by means of a welded joint, for example, when welding during the installation of the support, or semi-rigidly by means of a bolted joint having gaps that provide the flexibility of the joint necessary for heaving (subsidence) of piles or soil under the pile base. The half rings are fixed to the pile with a technological gap between the ends of the half rings. The gap between the inner diameter of the coupling and the outer diameter of the pile is at least 8 mm. In other words, the gap between the inner diameter of the coupling and the outer diameter of the pile provides the possibility of changing the height position (raising / lowering) of the pile in case of possible heaving (settlement) of the soil up to 400 mm. The width of a half ring, defined as the difference between its outer and inner diameters, corresponds to the thickness of the coupling, defined as the difference between its outer and inner diameters, increased by the amount of clearance between the coupling and the pile.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a view along the axis of the pipeline of the claimed design, characterized by the location of the side stops in the immediate vicinity of the sole (longitudinally movable support).

Figure 2 schematically shows a view along the axis of the pipeline to the inventive pipeline support, characterized by the location of the side stops at some distance from the sole (free-moving support).

Figure 3 presents a side view of the claimed design for a two-piled foundation.

Figure 4 presents a side view of the claimed design for a four-piled foundation with longitudinal beams.

Figure 5 schematically shows an image of a clutch support.

Figure 6 presents a view of the base plate of the coupling with the hole.

Figure 7 schematically shows an image of the movable part of the support - the casing-lodgement of the claimed design.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

The moving part - the lodgement case includes:

1 - lodgement;

2 - half clamps;

3 - frames (stiffeners);

4 - swivel;

5 - bolted connection;

6 - side cheeks;

7 - antifriction linings;

8 - threshold of the sole;

9 - sole.

The fixed part of the support includes:

10 - grill table;

11 - supporting clutch;

12 - half rings;

13 - base plate of the clutch support with a hole;

14 - lateral emphasis;

15 - a longitudinal beam;

16 - pile (not included in the support).

The inventive movable support belongs to the class of sliding supports and consists of, in fact, movable and fixed parts interacting with each other by allowing sliding of the moving part over the surface of the fixed part. The movable part of the pipeline support is a complex profile with a semi-cylindrical lodgement 1 for placing the supported pipeline in thermal insulation, reinforced with frames 3 made in the form of flat half rings. The design is used from two or more frames. Figure 3 presents the design of the movable support with four frames placed at an equal distance from each other. In this case, the frames are fixed at the ends of the lodgement 1. The width of the half-ring of the frame depends on the diameter of the pipeline and the design load.

The entire contact surface of the semi-cylindrical lodgement is equipped with an electrically insulating friction pad made, for example, of siloxane. Two half-clamps 2 are detachably connected to the ends of the lodgement, providing fixation of the pipeline on the lodgement by means of bolt connection 5. The inner surface of the half-clamps is also equipped with an electrically insulating friction gasket made, for example, of siloxane. The side cheeks 6, which are the supporting element of the tool tray, are rigidly attached (by welding) to the lodgement. The side cheeks are plates, with horizontal welds fixed to the lodgement on both sides of the pipeline, while frames are welded to the side cheeks to reinforce and strengthen the entire supporting device. The frames in this case also perform the function of tightening the side cheeks. The shape of the plates contributes to the hardening of the support structure. The side cheeks are movably mounted in two hinges made on the sole of the movable part of the support by welding each of them to two longitudinal cheeks of the sole. Swivel joints 4 are equipped with anti-friction bushings, which prevent this joint from jamming and corrosion resistance. The sole 9 is a flat surface equipped with anti-friction, corrosion-resistant gaskets 7, for example, of modified fluoroplastic plates, while the ends of the sole are bent upwards with the formation of thresholds 8 that increase the rigidity of the sole in the transverse direction. Thresholds are organized to prevent stagnation of the movable part of the support when it is displaced in the event of snow formation and icing of the support surface of the grillage. There are holes on the sole to prevent the accumulation of rainwater. The movable part of the support with the sole mounted on the surface of the fixed part of the support without any mutual fastening. The fixed part of the support is a grill table 10 and its attachment points to the pile foundation.

If the pile foundation is made, the supports on four piles use longitudinal beams, which are functionally the supporting element of the grillage. They pairwise connect adjacent piles, parallel to the axis of the pipeline.

The grill table is made single-level in the form of interconnected two beams rigidly connected to each other in the same plane and reinforced with rigid vertically oriented scarves and lintels. In this case, in the case of using a two-pile foundation (Fig. 2), the grill table is installed and fastened directly to the foundation piles, and in the case of using a four-pile foundation (Fig. 4), the grill table is mounted on the foundation through two longitudinal beams 15, connecting each other along two piles 16 on each side, while fastening to the piles is made through the hinge type support unit. The grill table is covered from above with a support plate, the upper surface of which is sliding for the sole of the movable part of the support, which became possible as a result of the use of a corrosion-resistant steel sheet made of, for example, steel 08X18H10 on the base plate.

The choice of foundation type is determined by the bearing capacity of soils and is determined at the pipeline design stage.

On the surface of the base plate of the grillage, lateral stops are fixed with the possibility of changing their position - stops 14, which are extended angles oriented along the geometric axis of the pipeline. The fastening of the side stops directly near the sole on the sides at a distance of not more than 50 mm limits the possibility of its lateral movement, allowing only longitudinal (Fig. 1 - longitudinally movable support). Accordingly, a more remote fastening of the side stops provides the possibility of lateral movement of the sole on the surface of the base plate of the grillage (figure 2 - freely movable support).

It is known from the prior art that the grillage is rigidly fixed to piles, which, with possible heaving or subsidence of the soil, can lead to deformation of the metal structure, fracture of welded joints of the grillage and to the fall of the support. In the claimed invention, a support assembly is provided, the use of which, when organizing the connection of the grillage with the foundation, makes it possible to ensure a non-deformation state of the pipeline support when the vertical position of the pile changes by up to 400 mm

The support node includes two identical metal half rings 12, rigidly welded at the same vertical level to the pile opposite each other. After welding, the half rings do not form a solid ring, between them a technological gap of about 30 mm is maintained. The gap allows you to compensate for deviations in the diameter of the piles with a normalized clearance for welding. The height of the half rings is due to the need to reduce the thermal effects of adjacent welds (upper and lower) and to ensure the strength of the half rings. A support sleeve 11 is freely mounted on the half rings with a clearance relative to the pile. The clearance is at least 8 mm. At the same time, the clutch is selected in such a way that its thickness together with the size of the gap corresponds to the width of the half ring. A support plate 13 is welded to the upper end of the coupling with an opening corresponding to the inner diameter of the coupling. The connection of the plate 13 with the coupling is reinforced by at least two vertical scarves reinforced by horizontal ribs. On the base plates of the coupling, a grill table is installed and rigidly welded to them. This operation is performed during the installation of the support.

Thus, the rigid connection of the pile foundation with the grill table is made only in the area of the half rings to the piles. The support node performs the function of a swivel, not rigid connection, providing compensation for possible deformations of the pile and maintaining the operability of the movable support.

The inventive design works as follows. When carrying out work on laying an elevated pipeline, supporting structures are arranged taking into account the quality of the soil, its slope, etc.

The pipeline is put into the lodgement in thermal insulation, and with two half-clamps it is fixed with the help of a bolted connection and installed in the design position. The inner surface of the lodgement and half clamps are equipped with a dielectric, friction material, for example, siloxane. Due to the articulation of the side cheeks of the lodgement with the sole, the pipeline is self-installed in the design position, determined by the profile of the route. Anti-friction bushings provide unobstructed inclination of the tool tray with the pipeline, corrosion resistance and durability of the assembly. At the end of the installation, the pipeline is ready for operation. Regular changes in the temperature of the transported working medium, vibrations, changes in pressure inside the pipeline - all this causes constant, often significant (up to 600 mm), displacement of the pipeline. When using a movable support of the claimed type, the displacements of the pipeline are perceived by the support, or rather, its movable part, as a result of which the movable part together with the pipeline rigidly fixed in it is displaced. The sole slides, moving along the surface of the base plate of the grillage. The presence of anti-friction linings and a corrosion-resistant supporting surface of the grillage provides unimpeded movement of the sole, a significant (up to three times in the case of non-corrosion-resistant steels for friction pairs) reduction of horizontal loads on piles and pipelines from friction forces. When placing the side stops near the sole (to limit lateral movement), the base of the lodgement does not have the possibility of lateral sliding and moves only in the longitudinal direction.

In the case of subsidence or heaving of the soil, a change in the height position of the pile is possible, which can lead to deformation of the support, destruction of welded joints with the pile and the risk of failure of the pipeline. The claimed design of the support node, due to the absence of a rigid connection with the pile, compensates for possible deformations, since the presence of a gap between the pile and the inner diameter of the coupling, as well as its free (without rigid connection) support on the half rings welded to the pile, allow the bearing surface to tilt when various changes in the altitude of the opposite piles, while the friction linings between the lodgement and the pipe prevent the destruction of its thermal insulation and shell when the grill is tilted.

Claims (15)

1. The movable support of the pipeline, characterized in that it contains interacting movable and fixed parts, while the movable part includes a lodgement made in the form of a half cylinder with at least two half-ring stiffeners located on the outside of the lodgement, detachable half-clamps providing fixation of the pipeline in the tool tray, side cheeks rigidly connected to the tool holder and movably fixed to the sole of the support by means of a swivel joint, while the sole is made with the possibility of creeping movement over the surface of the fixed part of the support, which includes a grill table made in the form of interconnected beams, lintels and kerchiefs with a support plate with a sliding surface located on top, and at least two hinge-type support nodes through which the grill table is fixed to the pile foundation. 2. The movable pipe support according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel joint is provided with antifriction sleeves that isolate the swivel elements from corrosion and reduce friction forces. 3. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the sole is a flat surface equipped with antifriction corrosion-resistant gaskets, for example modified fluoroplastic, while the ends of the sole are bent up with the formation of thresholds. 4. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the side stops at a distance from the side edge of the sole, which enables the calculated transverse movement of the movable part of the support, are rigidly fixed, for example, by welding, to the base plate. 5. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that between the half-clamps and the pipeline, as well as between the lodgement and the pipeline, friction linings are made, for example, made of siloxane, providing electrical insulation of the pipeline and preventing damage to the thermal insulation and pipe shell. 6. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding surface of the base plate is a corrosion-resistant steel sheet mounted on a base plate. 7. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile foundation is made of four-pile, while the grill table is installed on the longitudinal beams. 8. The movable support of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile foundation is made of two-pile. 9. The support node of the movable support of the pipeline, characterized in that it is a support coupling, freely mounted with a gap on two half rings rigidly connected to the foundation pile, on which a support plate with an opening corresponding to the inner diameter of the coupling is placed, while the support plate is connected to a clutch with vertical scarves and horizontal stiffeners reinforcing the rigidity of the support node. 10. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the half rings are fixed to the pile with a technological gap between the ends of the half rings. 11. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the gap between the inner diameter of the coupling and the outer diameter of the pile is at least 8 mm. 12. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the gap between the inner diameter of the coupling and the outer diameter of the pile and the free bearing of the coupling on the half rings provide the possibility of changing the height position of the pile in the event of possible heaving of the soil by up to 400 mm. 13. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the half-ring width corresponds to the thickness of the coupling increased by the amount of clearance between the coupling and the pile. 14. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the support plate with the hole is fixed to the grill table rigidly by means of a welded joint. 15. The support node according to claim 9, characterized in that the base plate with the hole is fixed to the grill table semi-rigidly by means of a bolt connection having gaps providing the flexibility of the bolt connection necessary for heaving, pile sagging.

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