RU2572546C2 - Method of zemlyakov n.v. of drying grain flow in mobile dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of drying the grain flow in a mobile drier comprises moving the grain flow along the inner cavity of the tubular sectional drying chamber of coil type in the direction from top to bottom, providing additional twist of the total grain flow around its axis in the direction of motion in the cavities of the individual sections, and twisting of the grain flow is carried in the even sections clockwise, and in the odd sections - counterclockwise, with the high-speed lifting transporting, ejecting jets of air-coolant. The drying process proceeds with providing continuous moisture disengagement from the grain surface and removal of moisture vapour from the grain flow. From the lower coil of the tubular drying chamber the unloading of grain flow is provided into the container or bunker with a simultaneous determination of its moisture content with the sensor. And the tubular drying chamber of coil type along its vertical axis is subjected to mechanical vibration with frequency φ and amplitude λ.

EFFECT: invention should reduce or eliminate the formation of dead zones in the lower part of the inner cavity of the drying chamber of coil type along its length.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, and more specifically to methods for drying grain products of cereals, pome seeds and cereals, but can also be used for drying granules, conglomerates and crystals in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

A known method of drying grain with hot air: corn, corn, wheat, rye, barley and oats. In this method, the grain is mixed from top to bottom in a drying chamber under the action of gravity while controlling the flow by mechanical means. In the known method, air passes through the grain as it moves down (see www.gscor.com/public/dry.html).

The disadvantage of this method is that the drying process of the grain proceeds when it flows around it with a coolant, but with a small porosity of the grain. Since the grain in the drying chamber moves by gravity, the evaporated moisture from the lower layer, before leaving the chamber, is forced, rising through the entire grain layer in the chamber, to moisten the overlying layers all the time.

Also known is the "drying method in mobile core dryers" SK-2. In this method, the grain placed in a rectangular layer in a certain layer is distributed along the length with the upper screw and is unloaded with the lower screw and the scraper conveyor (see www.accona.ru/referat/ref3758.html).

The disadvantage of this method is that the grain flow layer located between the screws also has a low porosity, which means that the removal of evaporated moisture from such a compacted layer is difficult and ineffective.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is "Method Zemlyakova N.V. grain drying in the stream. " The known method of drying grain in the stream includes continuous or periodic loading of grain into the drying chamber, made in the form of a serpentine hollow pipe, in the cavity of which grain flow is moved along the screw channel from top to bottom, while the entire length of the drying chamber channel is divided into sections with a certain step, and at the entrance to each section, a high-speed lifting-conveying ejecting jet of compressed coolant air is introduced into the grain flow, which can ensure the swirl of the entire grain flow, ensuring I have enough of its porosity and thereby creating an effective dehumidification. In this case, the movement of the grain flow in each section is carried out both along the axis of the section and with its rotation around the axis of the section either clockwise or counterclockwise, and in the lower part of the chamber, water vapor is separated from the grain stream, which are captured using an oncoming apparatus swirling flows and are discharged into the atmosphere. From the lower turn of the tubular, coil chamber, the dried grain is unloaded into a container or collar, while controlling the moisture content of the grain using a humidity sensor (see Russian Patent No. 2383835, IPC F26B 17/10 of 03/10/2010).

The disadvantage of this known method is the braking of the moving grain flow in the lower part of the tubular cavity of the coil drying chamber, due to the small angle of the windings of the screw tubular coil drying chamber, which reduces the speed of movement of the grain flow in the inner cavity of the drying chamber.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to reduce the braking movement of the grain flow in the lower part of the inner cavity of the tubular coil drying chamber along its entire length.

The problem is achieved in that in the method of drying the grain flow in a mobile dryer, including continuous or periodic loading of the grain flow through the feed batcher into the tubular sectional drying chamber of the coil type, moving the grain flow along the inner cavity of the chamber from top to bottom, providing additional twisting of the entire grain flow around its axis, in the direction of travel in the cavities of each of the sections of the tubular sectional drying chamber of the coil type, and the spin of the grain flow is carried out in even sections clockwise, and in even sections counterclockwise, high-speed, lifting, conveying, ejecting jets of air-coolant, providing continuous moisture separation from the grain surface and the removal of moisture vapor from the grain flow with their supply to the apparatus with counter-swirling flows, where humid clean air is separated and sent to the atmosphere by a fan, and the captured dust and spilled grain are again introduced into the feed batcher, and from the lower turn of the drying chamber, They unload the grain flow into a container or a collar, while its moisture is determined by a sensor, according to the invention, along all the vertical axis of a coil-type tube drying chamber, all its coils are subjected to mechanical vibrations with a frequency φ and amplitude λ. The frequency φ of mechanical vibrations is from 1 to 15 Hz. The amplitude λ of mechanical vibrations is from 3 to 15 mm.

The technical result consists in the fact that as a result of exposure to all turns of a tube-type drying chamber of a coil type along its vertical axis with mechanical vibrations of a given frequency and amplitude, the drying efficiency of grain in a swirling and weighted grain flow increases.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 presents a flow chart of the implementation of the method. In FIG. 2 shows two adjacent sections with local breakouts of a tubular sectional drying chamber of a coil type.

The method of drying grain is as follows.

The method includes continuous or periodic loading of the feed grain stream 1 through the feed batcher 2 into the tube sectional drying chamber 3 of the coil type, through a straight-line, inlet pipe 4. The movement of the grain stream 1 along the inner cavity of the tube drying chamber is carried out from top to bottom, with additional spin of the whole grain flow 1 in separate sections (even and even), comprising the entire length of the drying chamber 3, using high-speed lifting transporting, ejecting jets 9 air-heat carrier Itel 10. Spinning grain flow 1 is carried out along the entire path of its movement: in even sections 5 of the tubular drying chamber 3 around their axes clockwise 6, and in odd sections 7 of the tubular drying chamber 3 counterclockwise 8. Separated from the grain moisture 11 together with with dusty air and grain that has slipped through, they are fed into the dust collector apparatus 12 with oncoming swirling flows, where moist air 11 is separated and sent via a fan 13 to the atmosphere. The captured dust and grain 14 are again introduced into the feed batcher 2, which are connected to the grain stream 1 and introduced into the batcher 2. From the lower coil 15 of the drying tube chamber 3 of the coil type, they discharge the grain stream 1 dried in it into a container or collar, while determining its moisture content the sensor 16. Along the axis 17 of the tubular sectional drying chamber 3 of the coil type in the direction 18, vibrations of the entire drying tubular chamber 3 of the coil type are carried out. High-speed ejection jets 9 and air coolant 10 are prepared using a heater and compressor in block 19

The usefulness of this method lies in the fact that: firstly, its implementation can be performed both in a mobile version on a wheeled trolley, and in the form of a stationary device placed directly on a grain current or in a warehouse of a farm; secondly, the efficiency of grain drying is carried out in a forced flow provided by a continuous descent of the grain flow from top to bottom; thirdly, the presence of high-speed, lifting, conveying, ejection jets provides high porosity of the dried grain in the grain flow, moved in the pneumatic transport mode; fourthly, a cyclic change in the direction of rotation of the grain flow in each section and in total along the entire tubular channel of the drying chamber provides an increase in the efficiency of mass transfer of moisture from grain due to inertial forces and an increase in the residence time of the grain flow in the cavity of the drying chamber, which increases the possibility of controlling the drying process and, therefore, Thus, obtaining higher quality grain drying. The creation of oscillatory movements of the entire drying chamber in the vertical direction eliminates the formation of stagnant zones and the braking of the moving grain flow in the lower part of the tubular cavity of the coil drying chamber.

The interval of variation of the chamber oscillation frequency in the range from 1 to 15 Hz is explained by the fact that with the oscillation frequency of the drying chamber less than 1 Hz, the possibility of formation of stagnant zones at the joints of the chamber sections is not ruled out. And when the oscillation frequency of the drying chamber is more than 15 Hz, the mechanical strength of the chamber and its components decreases.

The interval of variation of the amplitude of the chamber oscillations in the range from 3 to 15 mm is explained by the fact that when the oscillation amplitude of the drying chamber is less than 3 mm, the possibility of formation of stagnant zones at the joints of the chamber sections is not ruled out. And with an oscillation amplitude of the drying chamber of more than 15 mm, the mechanical strength of the chamber and its components decreases.

Claims (3)

1. The method of drying the grain flow in a mobile dryer, including continuous or periodic loading of the grain flow through the feed batcher into the tube sectional drying chamber of the coil type, moving the grain flow along the inner cavity of the chamber from top to bottom, providing additional spin of the entire grain flow around its axis, along movements in the cavities of each of the sections of the tubular sectional drying chamber of the coil type, and the spin flow of the grain flow is carried out in even sections clockwise, and not sections, counter-clockwise, high-speed, lifting, conveying, ejecting air-coolant jets, providing continuous moisture separation from the grain surface and removing moisture vapor from the grain flow, with their supply to the apparatus with counter-swirling flows, where moist clean air is separated and sent to the atmosphere with the help of a fan, both the captured dust and the sprouted grain are again introduced into the feed batcher, and from the lower turn of the drying chamber, the grain flow is unloaded into a container or pile, with simultaneous determination of its moisture by a sensor, characterized in that along the vertical axis of the tube-type drying chamber of the coil-type, all its coils are subjected to mechanical vibrations with a frequency φ and amplitude λ. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the frequency φ of mechanical vibrations is from 1 to 15 Hz. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the amplitude λ of mechanical vibrations is from 3 to 15 mm

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