RU2572531C2 - Device of automatic assessment of average in stock live weight of animal or bird in random sample weighing of arbitrary individual of stock of animals or birds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technologies of rearing animals and birds in the field of industrial livestock and poultry production. The device comprises electronic scales, different setting devices of signals, signal conditioners, signal meters, different blocks of signal formation, signal of assessment, signal comparison circuits, the slave key to allow the further passage in the device of signals of reliable assessments, production equipment of controlling the technology of livestock rearing and the technological processes corresponding to it, the control unit of the device operation, which are interconnected through the respective inputs and outputs.

EFFECT: improvement of accuracy of assessment of the average in stock live body weight of the animal or bird in random sample weighing of arbitrary individual of the stock for subsequent accurate control of technologies and technological processes of livestock and poultry production.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, to technologies for raising animals and poultry with selective control of their live weight during the process of growing in livestock and poultry facilities and can be used in industries of livestock and poultry.

A known method and device for growing birds, in which the temporary productivity sensor of one bird contains load cells and weighing counters (RF patent No. 2340172 C1, A01K 29/00. Method and device for growing birds / Dubrovin A.V., Musin A. M and others // Publish. 12.10.2008, bull. No. 14). In the poultry growing room, constructions with load-measuring sensors in the room and with counters of the number of weighings, for example, the number of randomly planted only one bird on a given load-measuring sensor, are placed. At the output of the second adder, a random signal of the total live weight of animals or birds that have fallen on the elements (weighing devices) is accumulated. At the output of the counter, a signal is generated of the number of weighings of animals or birds. At the output of the second division element, an estimate is obtained of the average daily cultivation of live weight of one animal or bird (broiler). At the first output of the temporary productivity sensor of one bird at the end of the current day (rearing), a signal of the measured productivity of one bird is formed.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low accuracy of measuring live weight of the bird.

The reason for this is the important general and already difficult task of the invention and the lack of information about taking into account the statistical characteristics of the process of essentially selective weighing of individual birds that accidentally fell on the load-measuring elements of the device and about the mathematically reliable assessment of this information when judging the live weight of the total number of livestock grown in the house.

Another disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of information about the actual design of the weight meter installed in the industrial agricultural premises for raising animals or poultry. For example, it is quite obvious that an increase in the number of weighings, not of the same individuals from the farmed livestock, but of different animals or birds from the grown livestock batch, significantly improves the accuracy of estimating the live weight of the entire livestock. Therefore, the design of the load meter should be as attractive as possible for all animals or birds so that they more often appear on the weighing platform.

The reason for this is the assumption made by default in the specified analogue about the quite sufficient accuracy of the technical means listed in the analogue. However, for high-precision technologies of the agricultural sector (agro-industrial complex), one should have new technical solutions with the greatest accuracy of measurement, including measuring the live weight of the livestock for subsequent high-precision control of feeding, microclimate, heating of young animals and many other interrelated technological processes.

In agricultural production facilities, for example, in industrial poultry houses, up to several tens of thousands of birds are simultaneously raised or kept, so even a slight error in determining the real value of the live weight of the entire livestock in the house according to the results of weighing random sample individuals leads to errors in the control of many technologies and technological processes . At the same time, additional costs, which are associated only with the errors in estimating the total live weight of the livestock in the production room according to the results of selective weighing of random single animals or birds from the total population of them in the production room, reach large values and become comparable in cost to other components of production costs. Weighing the whole population of animals or birds is almost impossible. Weighing the entire livestock leads either to excessive labor and other operational (as well as additional capital) costs, or will injure the livestock (stress, direct loss of livestock productivity, loss of part of the livestock itself and mechanical damage to individuals that is not permissible by the growing technology). Therefore, there is no need to even talk about any substantial feasibility of such an approach that seems theoretically ideal at first glance. Initially, only one individual animal or bird can fit on the scales when weighing, it allows to eliminate the ambiguity of the weighing result if two or more individuals hit the weighing platform at the same time. Therefore, the design of the weighing platform of the scales should initially allow it to hit only one, the only, in the context of this invention, a single individual from all animals or birds of the herd.

The objective of the invention is automated with a given accuracy and accuracy with an estimate of the average herd live weight of an animal or bird with random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of the herd for subsequent precise control of technologies and technological processes of animal husbandry and poultry farming.

As a result of the use of the invention, the value of the signal for estimating the live weight of an animal or bird is established over a whole herd of livestock in a manufacturing facility or in its habitat with a given certainty, and the practical opportunity is provided with a given accuracy to automatically receive a signal for estimating the average live weight of an animal or bird at a herd random selective weighing of herds during the technology of growing herds of animals or birds for subsequent precise control of the technology iyami and process livestock or poultry.

The above technical result is achieved by a method of automated estimation of the average weight of livestock of an animal or bird by random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an animal or bird herd, including random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an animal or bird herd and setting a signal of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings, and setting the signal to the maximum allowable measurement errors of the average live weight of an individual according to a herd of animals or birds, give a confidence the probability of the signal of estimating the average herd of live weight of an animal or bird falling into the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of the herd, depending on this signal of confidence, by calculating or by retrieving from the memory of the appropriate technical means the stored data in accordance with the Laplace function table of the argument of the Laplace function, determine the fact signal of the event of placement of the individual on the load-receiving platform of the scales and form the event signal weighing, measure the number of weighing events of individual individuals of the herd and generate a signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, measure the live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd, generate a signal of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and store the received signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd, summarize the measurement signals of live weight arbitrary herds and the resulting total signal is divided into a signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary herds, thus forming an evaluation signal the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or birds, which is also a signal for assessing the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or a bird, form a signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight of an individual in a herd, the value of this signal being proportional to the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and a signal for assessing the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds divided by the difference of the signal to the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, then a signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd is formed, proportional to the ratio of the estimate signal of the average quadratic deviation of live weight of the individual in the herd to the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live the mass of the individual in the herd, form a signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual in the herd, proportional to the product of the signal and the coefficient of variation in live weight of individuals per herd and the signal of the argument of the Laplace function divided by the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, the generated signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual in the herd is compared with the given signal for the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of the individual in a herd of animals or birds, and depending on the result of the comparison, either continue the statistical processing of the signals of the process of weighing arbitrary individuals when raising the value of the first specified signal to the values of the second specified signal, or stop the statistical processing of signals from the process of weighing arbitrary individuals if the values of these indicated signals are equal, and when the value of the second specified signal exceeds the value of the first specified signal and under the additional condition of the signal value and the number of random weighings of a given signal of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings, the obtained signals are used The number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, a reliable estimate of the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or poultry, estimates of the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd, estimates of the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the animals according to the herd, signal of estimation of the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual according to the herd, informing the staff of the agricultural premises, workshop or enterprise in the implementation of managerial operator actions with technical means of providing technology for growing Bani livestock, as well as to supply them to the appropriate measuring, control and operating inputs of the automated process control equipment livestock rearing technology.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for automated estimation of the average live weight of an animal or bird for random selective weighing of an individual individual of an animal or bird herd contains scales with a loading platform and an electronic output (for short: electronic scales), the first adjuster of the technologically minimum amount of required weighings ( the first master), while the second signal master of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual according to herds is introduced into the device animals or birds (the second switch), the third switch of the confidence signal of the signal of the estimate of the average herd live weight of the animal or bird in the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an individual herd (third switch), the first signal generator of the Laplace function argument (first shaper ), the second shaper of the signal of the event of weighing, the third shaper of the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the meter of the signal of live weight individual herds, the fourth signal shaper of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd (fourth shaper), the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the adder of the signals of measurements of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the divider of the received total signal by the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary herd , the fifth driver of the signal estimating the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds (or the driver of the signal evaluating the mathematical expectation of live assy of an individual according to the herd of animals or bird) (fifth former), the sixth driver of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individual herd (sixth driver), the second unit for calculating and generating the signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary animals of the herd and the signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and formed signals, the third block is the squaring (second) degree and storing the received signal of the squares of the signal differences, the fourth block of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the signals of the signals, the fourth unit of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of any individual of the herd, the first divider of the sum of the received signals of squares differences of signals per signal difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of quantity of weighing of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the sixth unit of extracting the square root from the signal of the result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds, divided by the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and a signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the seventh former of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of individuals according to herds y (seventh former), the second divider of the herd mean estimate of the mean square deviation of an individual’s live weight by herd by the herd estimate signal of the live weight of an individual by herd, the first element of multiplying the result signal by dividing by one hundred percent, the fifth one by one percent percent signal (fifth switch), the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual in the herd (eighth driver), sixth switch of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function (sixth switch), the second element multiplying the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, the element of extracting the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, the third divider of the signal of the product of the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals of the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function by the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd, the first scheme for comparing the generated signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight individuals in a herd with a given signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or poultry, a second circuit for comparing the signal of the number of random weighings with a given signal of the technologically minimum number of required weighings, a controlled key for allowing further passage of reliable estimates in the signal device, display unit for the maintenance personnel, the signals of the final reliable estimates of the required technological weighing parameters, measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock breeding technology with the corresponding technological processes, a unit for controlling the operation of the device, while electronic scales are a serial connection of a live weight signal meter of individual flocks and a fourth signal shaper of measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd, the output of which through the first memory block of the received signals measured the live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd is connected to the compound, which is the first input of the sixth driver of the signal to estimate the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual by the herd, the input of the adder of the measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and the first input of the second block for calculating and generating the signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal for assessing the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and of signals, the second input of which is the second input, the first and second outputs of the sixth driver of the signal to estimate the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual from the herd and connected to the output connection of the fifth driver of the signal to estimate the average live weight of the individual from the herd of animals or birds, the first input of the second signal divider estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight of an individual by a herd per signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual by a herd, which is the first input of the seventh formation dividing the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals over the herd, and the first input of the controlled key to allow further passing in the device of signals of reliable estimates, and the output of the second block of calculating and generating signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight individuals according to the herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and formed signals through the serial connection of the third block of construction in the second The degree and storing of the received signals of the squares of the signal differences, the fourth unit of summing the received signals of the squares of the signal differences, through the first input and output of the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the signal differences to the signal of the signal difference of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of any individual of the herd, through the sixth unit of square root extraction from the signal of the obtained result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signal of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds, divided by the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, connected to the connection, which is the second input of the seventh signal conditioner estimates of the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd, second inputs of the second divider of the signal estimates of the mean square deviation of live weight of individuals in the herd the signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual in the herd and a controlled key for allowing further passage in the device of signals of reliable estimates, the output of which is connected to the connection of the inputs of the display unit for the operating personnel of the signals of final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing and the corresponding measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for technology management you the livestock and its corresponding technological processes, the output of the adder of the measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd is connected to the second input of the divider of the received total signal to the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the first input of which is the third input of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the average quadratic deviation of live weight of an individual from the herd and is connected to the output connection of the third signal conditioner of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd with associated with its input of the second shaper of the weighing event signal, the first input of the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of the individual herds and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of the individual herds, the input of the square root element from the signal of the number of weighings of the arbitrary herds, which is the first input of the eighth shaper of the estimation signal measurement errors of the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of the second input of the second circuit for comparing the signal of the number of random weighings with a given signal of the technologically minimum number of required weighings, the first input and output of which are connected respectively to the output of the first master of the technologically minimum number of required weighings and with the second control input of the managed key to allow further signals in the device to be validated, the first control input of which is connected to the output of the first comparison schemes of the generated signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd with the signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry, the first input of which is connected to the output of the second signal generator of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry, and its second input is the output of the eighth shaper of an error estimation signal measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd and connecting the fourth input of a controlled key to allow further passage of reliable estimates in the device and the output of the third signal divider of the obtained product of the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation in live weight of individuals per herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function per square root of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the square root extraction element from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and to the output of the second element of multiplication of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the function Laplace, the first input of which is the second input of the eighth signal conditioner for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of an individual by the herd and also the output of the seventh signal conditioner of estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of an individual by the herd and is connected to the output of the first element of multiplying the signal by dividing the result by one hundred percent and the third input of the managed key to allow further passage in the device of the signals of reliable estimates, to the second input of the second element of the multiplication of the signal evaluation coefficient the source of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd to the signal of the argument of the Laplace function the output of the serial connection of the third signal generator of the confidence probability of the signal of estimating the average live weight of the animal or bird falling into the confidence interval of the signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the first shaper of the signal of the argument of the function Laplace, the sixth generator of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, whose input is the third input of the eighth form of the signal source for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual over the herd, the first and second inputs of the first element of multiplying the signal by dividing the result by one hundred percent are connected respectively to the output of the fifth signal setter of the value of one hundred percent and to the output of the second divider of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight individuals in a herd to a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual in a herd, the second input and output of the fifth block of the signal difference of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals with tad and signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd are connected respectively to the output of the fourth setter of the signal of correspondence to the unit of the number of weighings and to the second input of the first divider of the sum of the signals of the squares of the signal differences to the signal of the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, and the device operation control unit is the device control unit.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the additional device according to the method contains two or more electronic scales installed in the production room or in the livestock habitat, and the corresponding number of second shapers and third shapers, live weight signal meters of individual herds, fourth shapers, and the unit control the operation of the device, providing in the device according to the method a variety of actions: the summation of the signals of the quantities of random weighings are arbitrary livestock individuals in different zones, the accumulation, storage and summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary herds in all local habitats controlled by electronic scales, in an additional device, eliminates the overlap of signals of weighings and live weight signals from various electronic weights from different habitat zones, makes their respective time separation and produces the corresponding time delays in relation ju to each other, and the outputs of the third shapers are connected to the corresponding inputs of the total signal input unit of the total signal weighing quantity of arbitrary herds on several electronic scales introduced into the additional device of the herd on several electronic scales in various local areas of the production premises or in local livestock areas, electronic scales outputs or shapers outputs signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary herds in various local zones of the industrial premises whether data in local zones of livestock (Fourth formers) are connected to respective inputs of an additional device inserted into the block formation of the total signal measured bodyweight arbitrary individuals herd on several electronic balance in different local area zones industrial premises or in local zones of livestock habitat.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the electronic scales of the device according to the method and the additional device according to the method are installed on a concrete or other floor of a livestock or poultry farm, such as a house, and rise above the wood-particle litter or other litter, close to the nipple drinker in the production room for raising animals or poultry, such as broilers, with other neighboring drinking bowls located nearby, in order to further attract livestock to electronic scales, for the duration of the selective weighing process, they are disconnected from supplying livestock drinking liquid to them, it contains the supporting part of the electronic scale design, the electronic platform for weighing, additional inclined surfaces between the floor or litter and the weighing surface of the electronic platform for weighing in the form of a side surface of a truncated cone with a circular in the form of a horizontal load-bearing platform of the scales, or in the form of lateral surfaces of a truncated polygonal pyramid with the polygonal shape of the horizontal load-bearing platform of the scales in order to facilitate the entry of heavy individuals, for example, broilers, at the final stage of their cultivation, a nipple drinker, a section of the water supply system for broiler watering installed in the house, an attachment element to the water pipe of the light-protective fittings, installed near the electronic balance light device for additional attraction of livestock to the load-receiving platform of the balance due to flashing light from the light source to excite Of particular interest, the individual is closer to him, while climbing the weighing load-receiving platform and thus additionally increasing the number of weighings of individuals to accelerate the process of measuring live weight and increase the accuracy of measurements of a sample estimate of the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of livestock.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by example. The table of values of the Laplace function is the probability that a random variable will take on a value belonging to a given interval. When solving problems in probability theory, as a rule, it is required to find the value of the Laplace function from the known value of the argument, or, conversely, from the known value of the Laplace function, it is required to find the value of the argument. To do this, use the table of values of the Laplace function. The table of values of the Laplace function is indispensable in the study of probability theory, since it is difficult to solve the integral (Laplace function), and it is simply impossible to remember the table of values of the Laplace function. Laplace function for different values of t: F (-t) = - F (t). This is a normal distribution function (see: website: webmath.ru).

By “reliability”, the level of reliability is understood as an indicator of the probability that the true value of the studied parameter of the general population falls into the confidence interval. The higher the confidence level set, the larger the sample should be. The confidence interval is understood as the range into which the true value of the studied parameter of the general population falls at a given level of confidence. The smaller it is, the larger the sample should be. The confidence interval is called the "permissible error" of the sample. Its researchers ask (appoint) themselves or calculate by special formulas depending on a given sample size. Measured "permissible error" in percentage points - p.p. Often they are confused with percentages, -%. This is a serious mistake (see: site: cityexclusive.ru> books / igor-berezin / dostovernost- ...).

The magnitude of statistical errors is determined as follows. Suppose we need to evaluate a certain parameter p (live weight). For this purpose, a statistical measurement (live weight) is carried out on sample n. Note that the number p is the absolutely exact value of the desired parameter, which is not known and cannot be known in principle, but which must be estimated by the method of statistical measurements. The confidence probability and the corresponding confidence interval are determined as follows. By performing a statistical measurement, we can obtain an estimate p * of our desired parameter p. Our estimate of p * will be somewhere near the true value of the parameter p and, most likely, will not be exactly equal to p. The distribution of possible values of estimates of the value of the sought parameter f (p *) obeys, in the general case, the normal (Gaussian) law. The value of σ is the so-called standard deviation (RMS), a value dependent on the sample size n: the larger the sample, the smaller this deviation. The area bounded by the Gaussian curve and the horizontal axis is equal to one. Consider the percentage A% of the area under the Gaussian curve near p in the range from p-x to p + x. With probability A%, the resulting estimate p * will be in the range from p-x to p + x. Probability A% is called confidence probability. They say that with probability A% the estimate p * will be in the interval between the lower boundary p-x and the upper boundary p + x near p. Or in abbreviated form - "p% x". The standard value of the confidence probability A = 95% is accepted; in this case, our interval will have the boundaries% 2σ near p. Or - p% 2σ (advlab.ru> articles / article72.htm).

Selected characteristics, determined on the basis of a limited number of observations, can approach the true values of the characteristics of the general population only with a certain accuracy. The accuracy of the sample observation (experiment) can be set in units of the investigated value, in units of the sample value and in percent of the studied value or characteristic. The interval, in which in the general case can be arbitrary, is called confidence limits, and the corresponding probability is called confidence probability or, as they often say, reliability.

The probability of error characterizes the share of risk in assessing the true value of the estimated value and is often called the significance level. For convenience, the value of the confidence interval is set in fractions of the standard deviation. Then the confidence probability is defined as the area bounded by the normal distribution curve in the interval. The confidence interval is determined in the following sequence: the sampling parameter is calculated, the confidence probability is selected; determining the number corresponding to the selected value from the table of tabulated values of the standard normal distribution; compute confidence interval. With an increase in the number of measurements, the reliability of the experiment increases, and the confidence interval decreases. The table is used when it is impossible to form a definite opinion about the variance of the studied quantity. If, on the basis of a priori information or preliminary experiments, the dispersion value is known, then the necessary number of measurements is determined by the formula of random sampling error equal to half the length of the confidence interval, which guarantees the required reliability of the sample estimation result.

When processing numerical arrays of experimental results as random variables, the following sample estimates are used in practice:

- expected value

- variance

- asymmetry coefficient

- kurtosis coefficient

where x _i is the value of the result in the i-th experiment; N is the number of results in the array;

- standard deviation

The derivative estimate of the mathematical expectation M _x and the variance D _x or the standard deviation σ _x is the coefficient of variation V, determined as a percentage by the formula:

The dispersion D _x , the standard deviation σ _x and the coefficient of variation V are quantitative characteristics of the estimation of the dispersion of the values of the experimental results as a random variable and are used in the study of various actions with a random outcome. The asymmetry coefficient and the excess coefficient are characteristics of a higher order. The first characterizes the "slanting distribution", and the second - the degree of its "peaks". The statistical characteristics calculated from experimentally observed random variables and random functions do not carry information about the entire population, which is generally infinite, but only about a certain part of it — a sample whose elements were measured with certain errors. In this regard, as a result of the experiment, only some estimates of the parameters of the general population are obtained. Therefore, any sample estimate is a random variable, the accuracy of determination of which and possible errors in this case must be controlled. It should also be borne in mind that the calculated moments of distribution are point estimates of sample values, since each of them estimates the parameters of the general population using a single number. They allow us to judge the value of the calculated statistical characteristics at a given point and do not say anything about the possible limits of variation of the estimate itself.

Three basic requirements are imposed on estimates of random variables calculated as a result of the experiment: consistency, non-bias, and efficiency. It is believed that the estimate is consistent if, with increasing sample size, it tends to the true value in probability, is not biased if its mathematical expectation tends to the true value, and is effective when the estimate has the smallest dispersion compared to any other estimates. Of the two estimates, the one with the lower dispersion is more effective, i.e. whose values are scattered in a narrower interval.

The scattering level of the estimates is significantly affected by errors that occur during the experiment.

As is known, during selective observation there are three types of errors: gross, systematic, and random. Gross errors, which differ by a large deviation from the center of the grouping of samples, are screened out at the stage of the initial analysis of materials.

и относительной $$\frac{\Delta x}{\overline{x}}\cdot 100$$

ошибками (здесь $$\overline{x}$$

- истинное значение), которые в свою очередь состоят из суммы систематических δ и случайных ζ ошибок.The accuracy of measurements of any physical quantity is, as is known, characterized by absolute $$\left(\Delta x=x-\overline{x}\right)$$

and relative $$\frac{\Delta x}{\overline{x}}\cdot \mathrm{one\; hundred}$$

errors (here $$\overline{x}$$

- true value), which in turn consist of the sum of systematic δ and random ζ errors.

The systematic errors δ are constant in the determination of each member of the sample and depend on the technical level of the measuring equipment and experimental technique. These errors can be minimized by periodically calibrating the instruments using more advanced and improving the accuracy of the method for determining the studied variables.

Random errors are due to the influence of a large number of factors. Their appearance is not the same and random from measurement to measurement and cannot be previously taken into account due to their dependence on changes in the measurement conditions and the variability of the measured quantities themselves. However, with a sufficiently large number of experiments, the total value of random errors that vary approximately the same in the positive and negative directions approaches zero. The vast majority of random errors obey the normal distribution law with a mathematical expectation of "0". In the practice of agricultural machinery research, systematic and random errors are close to each other and together determine the measurement error. When assessing the accuracy of measurements, it is recommended to take into account the total error

where σ _ζ is the mean square deviation of the random variable ζ with the number of measurements n.

For values determined indirectly by the method of calculation from other measured random variables, the error is estimated by calculating statistical estimates from the corresponding functional dependencies.

, $${\sigma }_x^0$$

лишь с определенной точностью ε:Sample characteristics of M _x , σ _K , etc., determined on the basis of a limited number of observations, can approach the true values of the characteristics of the general population $$M_x^0$$

, $${\sigma }_x^0$$

only with a certain accuracy ε:

The accuracy of a sample observation (experiment) can be specified in units of measurement of the investigated value, in units of the sample value σ _x and in percent of the studied value or characteristic. A systematic error, being constant, may not be taken into account. The probability that the true value of the characteristics of the population is within the marked limits is

and is called the reliability of this assessment. Since the mathematical expectation of any sample is itself a random variable, it is useful to establish an interval in which, with a given degree of confidence, the value of the estimated parameter will be enclosed. The interval M _x + ε, which in the general case can be arbitrary [ a _i , b _i ], is called confidence limits, and the corresponding probability is called confidence probability or, as they often say, reliability. The confidence probability for convenience is denoted as

Accordingly, α is the probability of error, which is displayed on the distribution curve as two halves of α / 2. The probability of error characterizes the share of risk in assessing the true value of the estimated value and is often called the significance level. For convenience, the confidence interval is set in fractions of standard deviation ± zσ _τ . Here, the quantity z is essentially Student's t test or argument of the Laplace function. Then the confidence probability is defined as the area bounded by the normal distribution curve in the interval ± zσ _τ . Using the standard normal distribution formula

confidence probability is written as follows:

- оценка среднего значения генеральной совокупности.Where $$\overline{x}$$

- an estimate of the average value of the general population.

Confidence Interval for Variance

, выбирают доверительную вероятность 1-α, определяют соответствующее выбранному значению (1-α) числом из таблицы табулированных значений стандартного нормального распределения; вычисляют доверительный интервал a≤M_x<b.The confidence interval is determined in the following sequence: the sampling parameter is calculated $$\overline{x}\approx M_x$$

, select a confidence probability of 1-α, determine the corresponding value of the selected value (1-α) by a number from the table of tabulated values of the standard normal distribution; the confidence interval a ≤M _x <b is calculated.

With an increase in the number of measurements, the reliability of the experiment increases, and the confidence interval decreases. The table is used when it is impossible to form a definite opinion about the variance of the studied quantity. If, on the basis of a priori information or preliminary experiments, σ _{x is} known, then by the formula of random sampling error equal to half the length of the confidence interval

determine the required number of measurements, guaranteeing the required reliability

The accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of selected characteristics should not be confused with the accuracy of the study, which is often calculated by the following formula:

where ν is the coefficient of variation of sample observation,% (in the case of assessing accuracy for agricultural machines and processes it is considered sufficient if ν = 3 ... 5%), δ is the systematic error.

The statistical characteristics calculated from experimentally observed random variables and random functions do not carry information about the entire population, which is generally infinite, but only about a certain part of it — a sample whose elements were measured with certain errors. In this regard, as a result of the experiment, only some estimates of the parameters of the general population are obtained. Therefore, any sample estimate is a random variable, the accuracy of determination of which and possible errors in this case must be controlled. It should also be borne in mind that the calculated moments of distribution are point estimates of sample values, since each of them estimates the parameters of the general population using a single number. They make it possible to judge the value of the calculated statistical characteristics at a given point and do not say anything about the possible range of variation of the estimate itself (see: 4. ORGANIZATION AND CARRYING OUT OF THE DISSERTATION STUDY. 4.5. The correctness of the mathematical processing of the experimental results is the key to the reliability of scientific provisions on the dissertation. Site: aspirinby.org).

When planning a sample observation with a predetermined value of the permissible sampling error, it is necessary to correctly evaluate the required sample size. This volume can be determined on the basis of the permissible error during selective observation, based on the given probability P, which guarantees the permissible value of the error level (taking into account the method of organizing the observation). The formulas for determining the required sample size n can be easily obtained directly from the formulas of the marginal sampling error. So, from the expression for the marginal error (absolute, i.e., in units of measurement of a random variable, in this case in kg):

the sample size n is directly determined:

This formula shows that with a decrease in the marginal sampling error Δ, the required sample size n substantially increases, which is proportional to the variance σ ² and the square of the Student criterion t (see: site: grandars.ru>Statistics> Selective method).

Therefore, the relative marginal error or the permissible error of measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd is obtained by dividing the absolute marginal error by the estimate of the mathematical expectation and is measured in relative units. Using the value of the coefficient of variation equal to the ratio of σ to the mathematical expectation M _x (see formula (6)), we obtain the final formula for determining the relative error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd:

, кг; n - количество взвешиваний произвольной особи поголовья животных или птицы, отн. ед.; V - коэффициент вариации, %.where Δ% is the relative error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd,%; σ is the estimate of the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd from the estimate of the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd $$m_{\mathrm{from}R}^{\ast }$$

kg; n is the number of weighings of any individual livestock of animals or birds, rel. units; V is the coefficient of variation,%.

Dependence (19) is used when converting the corresponding signals in the method and device to obtain a reliable signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd.

Thus, the livestock or poultry production technologist sets the permissible relative error in measuring the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of livestock of a given species and age. In other words, the required accuracy of determining this quantity is set, on the value of which the accuracy of controlling the growing technology with the numerous technological processes accompanying this technology directly depends. This error corresponds to a given sample size, that is, the smallest allowable number of weighings of individuals. As soon as the number of random time weighings of random individual individuals becomes equal to and greater than the technologist’s specified or calculated value, completely and more than completely reliable information appears on the average live weight of the individual over a herd of animals or birds.

Therefore, only a continuous, real-time, high-precision automated assessment of the average herd of live weight of an animal or bird with a discrete time random selective weighing of individual individuals of the herd during the technology of growing herds of animals or poultry makes it possible to find profitable trade-offs between feed costs and live weight gain when managing livestock production. livestock. And also between the energy costs of heating, other technological processes and the estimated losses of the resulting livestock productivity in their price terms. In this case, statistical processing of the measured and calculated signals about the live weight of the individual herd is necessary.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in figures 1-5.

Figure 1 shows the general scheme of technology and technological equipment for poultry rearing under conditions of general radiant heating of chickens and poultry houses in industrial poultry farming: 1 - heat-protective enclosing structures of the house; 2 - insulated floor of the house; 3 - forced ventilation; 4 - exhaust ventilation; 5 - poultry stock; 6 - heaters; 7 - energy highway; 8 - temperature controller; 9, 10 and 11 - weight meters for determining the live weight of an animal or bird in the habitat in the production room.

Figure 2 shows a General diagram of a device for implementing the method, i.e. functional diagram of the device for automated estimation of the average livestock herd weight of an animal or bird with random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an animal or bird herd: 12 - scales with a loading platform and electronic output (electronic scales); 13 - the first adjuster technologically minimum number of required weighings (first adjuster); 14 - the second signal adjuster of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds (second adjuster); 15 - the third signal generator of the confidence probability of the signal of estimation of the average herd of live weight of an animal or bird in the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an arbitrary individual of the herd (third adjuster); 16 - the first driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function (first driver); 17 - a second shaper of the signal of the weighing event (can be used: a comparison circuit with a threshold signal generator, a trigger with a differentiating chain at its input, etc.) (second shaper); 18 - the third driver of the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd (can be used: a sawtooth voltage generator, scristron, a line of triggers, a pulse counter, etc.) (third driver); 19 - measuring signal of live weight of individual individuals of the herd, 20 - fourth signal former of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd (in analog or digital form) (fourth former); 21 - the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 22 - adder of measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 23 - divider of the received total signal by the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, 24 - fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry (or driver of a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry) (fifth former); 25 - the sixth driver of the signal estimates the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd (sixth driver); 26 is a second block for calculating and generating signals of differences in stored signals of measured live weight of arbitrary herds and a signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and generated signals; 27 - the third block of squaring (second) degree and storing the received signals of the squares of the signal differences; 28 - the fourth block of the summation of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals; 29 - the fourth adjuster of the signal corresponding to the unit number of weighings (fourth adjuster); 30 - the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 31 - the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the signal differences by the signal of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 32 - the sixth unit of extracting the square root from the signal of the result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an individual herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds divided by the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary animals of the herd and the signal of unit the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 33 - the seventh driver of the signal estimates the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd (seventh driver); 34 - the second divider of the signal estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual by the herd by the signal evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual by the herd; 35 - the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of dividing by a value of one hundred percent; 36 - the fifth one hundred percent value signal adjuster (fifth adjuster); 37 - the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd (eighth driver); 38 - sixth switch of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function (sixth switch); 39 - the second element of multiplying the signal estimates the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd on the signal argument of the Laplace function; 40 - an element for extracting the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd; 41 - the third divider of the signal of the product of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals per herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function by the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd; 42 is a first diagram for comparing a generated signal for estimating an error in measuring an average live weight of an individual in a herd with a predetermined signal of the largest allowable error in measuring an average live weight in an individual in a herd of animals or poultry; 43 is a second diagram for comparing a signal of a number of random weighings with a given signal of a technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings; 44 is a managed key for allowing further passage in the device signals reliable estimates; 45 is a display unit for the operating personnel of the signals of final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing that are current in the device’s operating time; 46 - measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock cultivation technology with its corresponding technological processes; 47 - control unit of the operation of the device (from day to next days of growing livestock, the sequence of actions on signals, etc.).

Figure 3 is a table of sample values of the Laplace function: F (t) is the Laplace function, t is the argument of the Laplace function.

Figure 4 shows a functional diagram of an additional device according to the method with several electronic scales 12 installed in the production room, in livestock areas (three electronic scales 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 in different areas of the room are shown) and the corresponding number second shapers 17 and third shapers 18 (three second shapers 17-1, 17-2, 17-3 and three third shapers 18-1, 18-2, 18-3 are shown): 19-1, 19-2, 19- 3 - three meters of the signal of live weight of individual individuals of the herd in three habitat zones indoors; 20-1, 20-2, 20-3 - three fourth signal shapers of the measured live weight of arbitrary herds in three different local areas of the production premises or in local livestock habitats (in analogue or digital form) (fourth shapers); 47 - control unit of the device, providing the summation of the signals of the numbers of random weighings of arbitrary individuals of the livestock in different zones, the accumulation, storage and summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd over all local habitats controlled by electronic weights, eliminating the overlapping of each other simultaneously arriving at a device for signals of quantities of weighings and signals of live weight, which makes them correspondingly divided in time and corresponding to them in temporary delays (due to the lack of additional space in this description of the invention in essence and due to the cumbersomeness of the additional description of fairly well-known and generally traditional actions and technical means of the device operation control unit 47, a detailed description of its composition and internal and external communication links in the framework of this invention is not significant, therefore, it will be unreasonable to overload the description of the present invention and therefore it is considered unnecessary and in accordance with this statement is not driven); 48 - a unit for generating a total signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd on several electronic scales in various local areas of the production premises or in local livestock habitats; 49 is a block for generating the total signal of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd on several electronic scales in various local zones of the industrial premises or in local livestock habitats.

Figure 5 shows a general diagram of the design of electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and electronic output) close to the nipple drinker in the production room for broilers with an additional element for additional light attraction of the bird: 50 - concrete floor of the house; 51 - wood-particle litter; 52 - the supporting part of the design of the scales; 53 - load receiving platform of the scales; 54 - inclined surfaces (the lateral surface of the truncated cone in the case of a circular shape of the horizontal load-bearing platform of the scales, or the lateral surfaces of the truncated pyramid in the case of the polygonal shape of the horizontal load-bearing platform of the balance), 55 - nipple drinker; 56 - installed in the house water supply for broiler watering; 57 - fastening element to the water pipe of the light-shielding fixture; 58 - light device for additional attraction of livestock to the load-receiving platform of the scales.

The method is as follows.

An individual of a herd of livestock during normally growing technological processes of growing technology enters a load-receiving platform of electronic scales. A live mass signal of a random individual is generated. By this signal as a whole it is already possible, but with a very large approximation (with a large error), to judge the average live weight of an individual over the entire herd of livestock: for an accurate assessment, it is necessary to weigh all individuals of the herd. However, this is technologically impossible due to excessive livestock losses as a result of stressful situations associated with the intervention of personnel or special additional equipment in the habitat of animals or birds. Also high are operational (labor, energy, deductions for capital investments, etc.) and capital costs. Therefore, the measured, generated, compared and other signals (material objects of informational characteristics of processes) in the course of material actions by the method are subjected to mathematical statistical processing by other corresponding generated signals. Discrete in time, at the moment of approaching the weighing platform of the scales, random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of the herd during the technology of growing the herd of animals or poultry is carried out, a signal of the technologically minimal amount of required weighings is set. According to the regulatory documents of broiler poultry farming, the number of weighed birds in the sample from the entire number of thousands of poultry premises is one hundred broilers. The signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry is set, the signal of the confidence probability of a signal of estimating the average of a live weight of an animal or bird falling into the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of a herd is given. Depending on this signal of confidence probability, numerically equal to the area under the curve of the normal Gaussian distribution, limited by the confidence interval of the argument, by calculating or retrieving from the memory of the appropriate technical means the stored data in accordance with the Laplace function table, the Laplace function argument signal is generated. The fact signal of the individual placement event on the weighing platform of the scales is determined and the weighing event signal is generated, the number of weighing events of individual flocks is measured, and the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary flocks is measured. The live weight of an arbitrary herd is measured, a signal of the measured live weight of an arbitrary herd is formed, and the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary herd are stored. The measurement signals of the live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd are summarized, and the resulting total signal is divided by the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, forming a signal for estimating the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds, which is also a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds. A signal is generated for estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd, the magnitude of this signal being proportional to the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of the individual animals of the herd and the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd of animals or birds and inversely proportional to the difference in the quantity signal weighings of arbitrary herds and a signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary herd. Then a signal is generated for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd, proportional to the ratio of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of live weight of the individual in the herd to a signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd, multiplied by a hundred percent. A signal is formed for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual by the herd, proportional to the product of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals by the herd and the signal of the argument of the Laplace function divided by the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd. The generated signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of an individual in a herd is compared with a predetermined signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or a bird. Depending on the result of the comparison, either the statistical processing of the signals of the process of weighing arbitrary individuals is continued when the value of the first specified signal exceeds the value of the second specified signal, or the statistical processing of the signals of the process of weighing arbitrary individuals is stopped when the values of these specified signals are equal and when the value of the second specified signal exceeds the value of the first specified signal. The last action is performed under the additional condition that the signal value exceeds the number of random weighings of the value of the given signal of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings. The obtained signals are used for the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, a reliable estimate of the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or poultry, estimates of the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd, estimates of the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals according to the herd, a signal for estimating the error of measuring the average live weight of the individual according to the herd to reliably inform the personnel of the agricultural premises, workshop or enterprise when carrying out managerial operator actions with technical means, both sintering of livestock cultivation technology, as well as for feeding them to the corresponding measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock cultivation technology.

An additional condition for achieving or exceeding the minimum number of weighings specified by the technology has a simple explanation. Let the first two random weighings give the same result. This means that, in all, only two experiments immediately obtained an estimate of the mathematical expectation of the average live weight of an individual for a herd of livestock. In this case, both the variance (power) of the deviation of the estimate of a random value of live weight from the estimate of its average estimate value (from the estimate of mathematical expectation) and the mean square deviation of the estimate of a random value of live weight from the estimate of its average estimate value (from the estimate of mathematical expectation) are equal to zero. Then the coefficient of variation, which depends on this coefficient of variation, is also equal to the error of determining the estimate of the average live weight of an individual in a herd during their selective weighing. The obtained error value after two weighings became less than its originally set value. Then, it would seem, immediately stop the process of selective weighing. However, this conclusion appeared too early. Continuation of the weighings and their subsequent results will show that the values of the estimates and the standard deviation (in the denominator is the square root of the difference between the number of weighings and the unit of the number of weighings), and the coefficient of variation, and inaccuracy of selective weighing (in the denominator is the square root of the number of weighings) are reduced with the increase in the number of weighings. Therefore, the task on the technology of the minimum number of mandatory weighings has a deep and theoretical and practical meaning.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a device for implementing the method.

A device for implementing the method comprises electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and an electronic output) 12, a first adjuster of the technologically minimum amount of compulsory weighings (first adjuster) 13, while a second adjuster of a signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals is introduced into the device or bird (second switch) 14, the third switch of the signal of confidence probability of the signal of estimation of the average over the herd of live weight of the animal or bird in confidence the interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an individual herd (third master) 15, the first driver of the Laplace function argument signal (first driver) 16, the second driver of the weighing event signal (can be used: a comparison circuit with a threshold signal generator, a trigger with a differentiating circuit on its input, etc.) (second shaper) 17, the third shaper of the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd (can be used: sawtooth generator oia, sci-firon, line of flip-flops, pulse counter, etc.) (third former) 18, live weight signal meter of individual flocks 19, fourth live signal conditioner of arbitrary livestock herds (in analogue or digital form) (fourth former ) 20, the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd 21, the adder of the measurement signals of the live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd 22, the divider of the received total signal by the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of herd yes 23, the fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or poultry (or the driver of the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or poultry) (fifth driver) 24, the sixth driver of the signal for estimating the average square deviation of the individual body weight of the herd (sixth shaper) 25, the second unit for calculating and generating the signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual about a herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and generated signals 26, the third block of squaring (second) degree and storing of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals 27, the fourth block of the summation of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals 28, the fourth unit of the signal of correspondence to the unit of the number of weighings (fourth adjuster) 29, the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd 30, the first divider the sum of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals to the signal of the difference signal of the number of weighings of the individual animals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of the individual animals of the herd 31, the sixth unit of extracting the square root from the signal of the obtained result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of the individual animals of the herd and the evaluation signal the mathematical expectation of the live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds divided by the difference in the signal of the number of weighings produced of flock individuals and the signal of the unit of number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd 32, the seventh shaper of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd (seventh shaper) 33, the second divider of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of live weight of the individual for the herd per signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual according to herd 34, the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of dividing by a value of one hundred percent 35, the fifth setter of the signal of the value of one hundred percent (fifth setter) 36, the eighth shaper a signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd (eighth former) 37, sixth adjuster of the Laplace function argument signal (sixth adjuster) 38, a second element of multiplying a signal for estimating a coefficient of variation in live weight of an individual by a herd by an argument signal of the Laplace function 39, square extraction element of the root of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd 40, the third divider of the signal of the obtained product of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument function Laplace root to the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of single individuals of the herd 41, the first scheme for comparing the generated signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual in the herd with the given signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of the individual in the herd of animals 42, the second signal comparison scheme the number of random weighings with a given signal of the technologically minimum number of mandatory weighings 43, a controlled key to allow further passage in three signals of reliable estimates 44, an indication unit for the operating personnel of the current device operating time signals of final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing 45, measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock cultivation technology and its corresponding technological processes 46, device operation control unit 47, the electronic balance 12 being a serial connection of the meter I of the live weight signal of individual individuals of herd 19 and the fourth signal shaper of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of herd 20, the output of which through the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of herd 21 is connected to the connection, which is the first input of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation live weight of an individual according to herd 25, an input of an adder of measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of herd 22 and the first input of a second unit for computing and generating a signal in the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual from the herd of animals or birds and the storage of the calculated and generated signals 26, the second input of which is the second input, the first and second outputs of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of live mass of an individual according to the herd 25 and connected to the output connection of the fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds 24, the first entrance The second divider of the signal for estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd to the signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual in the herd 34, which is the first input of the seventh driver of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of individuals in the herd 33, and the first input of the controlled key to allow further passage in the signal device reliable estimates 44, and the output of the second unit for calculating and generating the signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals tad and signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of the live weight of an individual according to a herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and generated signals 26 through a serial connection of the third block raising to the second degree and storing the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals 27, the fourth block of summing the received squares of the differences of the signals 28, through the first input and output of the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals to the signal of the difference signal of the number of weightings of arbitrary flock individuals and a signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary flock 31, through the sixth block of extracting the square root from the signal of the result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary flock and the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds divided to the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd 32, is connected to the connection to the second is the second input of the seventh shaper of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd 33, the second inputs of the second divider of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individuals in the herd to the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd 34 and the controlled key to allow further passage to the device of signals of reliable estimates 44, the output of which is connected to the connection of the inputs of the display unit for the maintenance personnel of the current signal operating time catch final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing 45 and the corresponding measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock rearing technology and its corresponding technological processes 46, the output of the adder of measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of herd 22 is connected to the second input of the divider of the received total signal by signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd 23, the first input of which is the third input of the sixth shaper of the signal estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd 25 and is connected to the output connection of the third shaper of the signal number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd 18 and connected to its input of the second shaper of the signal of the event of weighing 17, the first input of the fifth block of the signal difference of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd 30, the input of the square root extraction element from the signal of weighings of arbitrary individuals of herd 40, which is the first input of the eighth shaper of the signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual according to herd 37, the second input of the second circuit for comparing the signal of the number of random weighings with the given signal of the technologically minimum number of required weighings 43, the first input and output of which are connected respectively with the output of the first setter of the technologically minimum number of required weighings 13 and with the second control input of the managed key for I allow further passing in the device of reliable estimates 44 signals, the first control input of which is connected to the output of the first comparison circuit of the generated signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of an individual in a herd with a given signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or poultry 42, the first input of which is connected to the output of the second signal generator of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual according to a herd of animals or birds 14, and the second its input is the output of the eighth shaper of the signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of an individual according to herd 37 and the connection of the fourth input of the controlled key to allow further reliable signals 44 to pass through the device and the output of the third signal divider of the resulting product of the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd to the signal of the argument of the Laplace function to the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd 41, the first and second inputs of which are sub correspondingly to the output of the square root extracting element from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd 40 and to the output of the second multiplying element of the evaluation signal of the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function 39, the first input of which is the second input of the eighth shaper of the signal for estimating the error of measurement the average live weight of the individual in the herd 37 and also the output of the seventh driver of the signal to assess the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals in the herd 33 and is connected to the output ohm of the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of division by a value of one hundred percent 35 and the third input of the controlled key to enable further reliable estimates 44 to pass through the device to the second input of the second element of multiplying the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function 39 the output of the serial connection of the third signal setter of the confidence probability of a signal of estimating the average livestock herd of an animal or bird is connected in trust the first interval of signals of random selective weighing of an individual of an arbitrary individual of herd 15, the first driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function 16, the sixth driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace 38 function, the input of which is the third input of the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual according to herd 37, the first and the second inputs of the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of dividing by a value of one hundred percent 35 are connected respectively to the output of the fifth adjuster of the signal of the value of one hundred percent 36 and to the output of the second divider of the signal for estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd to the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd 34, the second input and output of the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of any individual of the herd 30 are connected respectively to the output of the fourth setter of the signal corresponding to the unit of the number of weighings 29 and to the second input of the first divider of the sum of the received signals squared a difference signal to a signal of the difference signal of arbitrary number of weighings individuals herd and signal unit number of weighings of an arbitrary individual flocks 31, and the device operation control unit 47 is a control apparatus unit.

The device operates as follows.

Electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and an electronic output) 12 provide a stable signal of live weight of a random individual of a herd of animals or birds, weighed randomly on the loading platform. From the output of the third signal shaper of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd (a sawtooth generator, sci-frron, a line of flip-flops, a pulse counter, etc. can be used) (third shaper) 18, a signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd is fed to the device. The first adjuster of the technologically minimum amount of compulsory weighings (first adjuster) 13, the second adjuster of the signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or poultry (second adjuster) 14, the third adjuster of the signal of the confidence probability of a signal of estimation of the average estimate for the herd of live weigh of an animal or birds in the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an arbitrary individual of a herd (third setter) 15 and the first signal conditioner The Laplace function (first shaper) 16 generates the corresponding signals. Blocks named as the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd (sixth shaper) 25, the seventh shaper of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals in the herd (seventh shaper) 33 and the eighth shaper of the signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual according to herd (eighth shaper) 37, form the corresponding signals according to quantitative ratios known from mathematical statistics. When comparing the corresponding signals in the first comparison scheme of the generated signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of an individual in a herd with a given signal, the largest allowable error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or poultry 42 and in the second scheme of comparing a signal of the number of random weighings with a given signal is technologically minimal the number of mandatory weighings at their outputs at some points in time appear and then the signals that control the start and Meanwhile reliably inform staff about the parameters of the weighing of livestock. These two signals are fed to the control inputs of the managed key to allow further reliable estimates 44 to pass through the device. A matching circuit is provided in the two-input input circuit of the key 44 and is not shown in the description in FIG. 2 in order to save space. Highly accurate information is provided to the display unit for the operating personnel of the signals of the device’s current and final reliable estimates of the required weighing technological parameters 45 and to the measuring, control and setting inputs of the automated technological equipment for controlling the livestock rearing technology and its corresponding technological processes 46 by means of the device operation control unit 47 about the parameters of the process of selective weighing of individuals. The list of some of the actions of block 47: device control from day to next days of livestock rearing, the sequence of actions on signals, as well as, for example, the action of eliminating the operation of division by zero when generating a signal of the mean square deviation, are performed by controlling the start of the first divider of the sum of the received signals squares of signal differences per signal difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and signal of the unit of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herds 31 with the second account individual weighting from the beginning of the weighing process and many other well known conventional action control.

Figure 4 shows a functional diagram of an additional device according to the method with several electronic scales installed in the production room or in the habitat of the livestock.

The additional device according to the method contains two or more electronic scales installed in the production room or in the livestock area (three electronic scales 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 in the room areas are shown), and the corresponding number of second shapers 17 and third shapers 18 (three second shapers 17-1, 17-2, 17-3 and three third shapers 18-1, 18-2, 18-3 in different areas of the room), live weight signal meters of individual individuals of herd 19-1, 19- 2, 19-3, of the fourth signal conditioners of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals with tada in various local zones of the territory of the production premises or in the local habitats of the livestock (fourth shapers) 20-1, 20-2, 20-3, moreover, the device operation control unit 47, which provides various actions in the device according to the method: summing signals of quantities of random weighings arbitrary livestock individuals in different zones, the accumulation, storage and summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary livestock individuals in all local habitats controlled by electronic weights, an additional device according to the method eliminates the overlapping of the signals of weighings and live weight signals from various electronic scales from different habitat zones simultaneously coming into the device, makes their respective time separation and the corresponding time delays in relation to each other, and the outputs of the third shapers 18-1, 18-2, 18-3 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the additional signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary th herd on several electronic scales in different local areas of the production premises or in local areas of livestock 48, the outputs of three electronic scales 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 or the outputs of the signal conditioners of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd in different local zones the territory of the production room or in the local habitat areas of the livestock (fourth shapers) 20-1, 20-2, 20-3 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the additional unit introduced into the additional device according to the method of forming of the total signal of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd on several electronic scales in various local zones of the territory of the production premises or in local areas of livestock 49.

The device operates as follows.

Increasing the number of weights is not only aimed at increasing the number of weighings. Scales in the amount of more than one piece can be placed in the production room or on the habitat of the weighed livestock in such a way that the heterogeneity of the live weight of the herds will be additionally taken into account: after all, in different zones of the habitat of the livestock, the conditions can vary quite significantly. This is the presence of drafts, and local (local) thermal and other radiation from the placed equipment, the different distance of the feeding line from its beginning to the place of feeding of the herds, etc. The presence of several correctly selected places of the technologist equipped with scales significantly increases the reliability of assessing the live weight of an individual throughout the herd. The assessment of the uniformity of the herd of the livestock by the value of the coefficient of variation becomes more complete. At the same time, the list of functions (actions) of the operation control unit of device 47 is expanded, which ensures that the main device provides timely summation of the signals of the quantities of random weighings of arbitrary livestock individuals in different zones, accumulation, storage, and corresponding summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd for all controlled electronic scales local habitats. Block 47 also eliminates the overlapping of the signals of the quantities of weighing and the signals of live weight from the different weights at the same time, and makes their respective time separation and their corresponding time delays. (For lack of additional space in this description of the invention, in essence and due to the cumbersomeness of the additional description of fairly well-known and generally traditional actions and technical means of the operation control unit of the device 47, a detailed description of its composition and internal and external communications in the framework of this invention is of significant importance it does not, therefore, it will unreasonably overload the description of the present invention and therefore it is considered redundant and is not given in accordance with this statement.)

Figure 5 shows a general diagram of the design of electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and an electronic outlet) near the nipple drinker in the production room for raising animals or birds (for example, broilers) with an installed element of additional light attraction for livestock (birds). Electronic scales of the device according to the method and the additional device according to the method are installed on a concrete or other floor of a livestock or poultry farm, for example a house 50, and rise above the particle board litter or other heat-insulating bed 51, close to the nipple drinker in the production room for raising animals or birds , for example broilers, with other neighboring drinking bowls located nearby, in order to additionally attract livestock to electronic scales, for the duration of the process and selective weighings are disconnected from the supply of liquid for drinking livestock, it contains the supporting part of the design of the electronic scale 52, the load platform 53 of the electronic scale, additional inclined surfaces between the floor or the bedding and the load surface of the load platform of the electronic scale in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone in a circular shape horizontal load platform of the scales, or in the form of lateral surfaces of a truncated polygonal pyramid with the corresponding polygonal shape In order to facilitate the entry of heavy individuals, such as broilers, in the final stage of their cultivation, a nipple drinker 55, a section of the water supply system for broiler watering 56 installed in the house, an attachment element to the water pipe of the light-protection armature 57, installed near electronic a light device for additional attraction of livestock to the load receiving platform of the balance 58 due to flashing light from a light source to arouse additional interest in an individual approach thereto, the rise on the load platform and the load thus to further increase the number of weighing specimens for measuring acceleration of the process of live weight and improve the accuracy of measurement sample estimate the average body weight of livestock herd individuals.

The device operates as follows., An increase in the number of individuals entering the weighing load-receiving platform of the scales is achieved by the simultaneous action of several factors: there is a drinker next to the scales, neighboring drinkers are disconnected from the water during the weighing, an additional installed lighting just shines or blinks with its light the device, the approach to the loading area is facilitated by additional inclined surfaces (which is extremely important, for example, for broilers s cross in the final stage of cultivation, and that is confirmed repeatedly in tests: heavy bird rather reluctantly climbs the usual each load platform with at the level of particleboard and other types of litter).

Selective weighing technology follows the path of the most complete reduction in the methodological error of measuring the live weight of an individual throughout the herd of animals or birds. The best ratio for growing technology in this production facility and for the enterprise as a whole is ensured between the obtained accuracy of measuring live weight of livestock and poultry products and the number of random weighings of livestock individuals (for example, broilers in poultry farming). At the same time, an accurate technical statistical evaluation of technological indicators of the process of automated selective weighing of individuals of animals and birds is provided.

Explanatory captions to figures

Figure 1 - a General diagram of the technology and technological equipment when growing poultry under conditions of general radiant heating of chickens and poultry houses in industrial poultry farming: 1 - heat-protective enclosing structures of the house; 2 - insulated floor of the house; 3 - forced ventilation; 4 - exhaust ventilation; 5 - poultry stock; 6 - heaters; 7 - energy highway; 8 - temperature controller; 9, 10 and 11 - weight meters for determining the live weight of an animal or bird in the habitat in the production room.

Figure 2 is a functional diagram of a device for automated estimation of the average livestock herd weight of an animal or bird with random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an animal or bird herd: 12 - electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and electronic output); 13 - the first adjuster technologically minimum number of required weighings (first adjuster); 14 - the second signal adjuster of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds (second adjuster); 15 - the third signal generator of the confidence probability of the signal of estimation of the average herd of live weight of an animal or bird in the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an arbitrary individual of the herd (third adjuster); 16 - the first driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function (first driver); 17 - a second shaper of the signal of the weighing event (can be used: a comparison circuit with a threshold signal generator, a trigger with a differentiating chain at its input, etc.) (second shaper); 18 - the third driver of the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd (can be used: a sawtooth voltage generator, scristron, a line of triggers, a pulse counter, etc.) (third driver); 19 - measuring signal of live weight of individual individuals of the herd, 20 - fourth signal former of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd (in analogue or digital form) (fourth former); 21 - the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 22 - adder of measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 23 - divider of the received total signal by the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, 24 - fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry (or driver of a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or poultry) (fifth former); 25 - the sixth driver of the signal estimates the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd (sixth driver); 26 is a second block for calculating and generating signals of differences in stored signals of measured live weight of arbitrary herds and a signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and generated signals; 27 - the third block of squaring (second) degree and storing the received signals of the squares of the signal differences; 28 - the fourth block of the summation of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals; 29 - the fourth adjuster of the signal corresponding to the unit number of weighings (fourth adjuster); 30 - the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 31 - the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the signal differences by the signal of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 32 - the sixth unit of extracting the square root from the signal of the result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an individual herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds divided by the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary animals of the herd and the signal of unit the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd; 33 - the seventh driver of the signal estimates the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd (seventh driver); 34 - the second divider of the signal estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual by the herd by the signal evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual by the herd; 35 - the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of dividing by a value of one hundred percent; 36 - the fifth one hundred percent value signal adjuster (fifth adjuster); 37 - the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd (eighth driver); 38 - sixth switch of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function (sixth switch); 39 - the second element of multiplying the signal estimates the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd on the signal argument of the Laplace function; 40 - an element for extracting the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd; 41 - the third divider of the signal of the product of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals per herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function by the square root of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd; 42 is a first diagram for comparing a generated signal for estimating an error in measuring an average live weight of an individual in a herd with a predetermined signal of the largest allowable error in measuring an average live weight in an individual in a herd of animals or poultry; 43 is a second diagram for comparing a signal of a number of random weighings with a given signal of a technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings; 44 is a managed key for allowing further passage in the device signals reliable estimates; 45 is a display unit for the operating personnel of the signals of final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing that are current in the device’s operating time; 46 - measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock cultivation technology and its corresponding technological processes; 47 - control unit of the operation of the device (from day to next days of growing livestock, the sequence of actions on signals, etc.).

Figure 3 is a table of values of the Laplace function: F (t) is the Laplace function, t is the argument of the Laplace function.

Figure 4 is a functional diagram of an additional device according to the method with several electronic scales installed in the production room or in the livestock area (elements of three electronic scales 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 in three areas of the room are shown) and the corresponding number of elements second shapers 17 and third shapers 18 (three second shapers 17-1, 17-2, 17-3 and three third shapers 18-1, 18-2, 18-3 are shown): 19-1, 19-2, 19- 3 - three meters of the signal of live weight of individual individuals of the herd in three areas of the room; 20-1, 20-2, 20-3 - three fourth signal shapers of the measured live weight of arbitrary herds in three different local areas of the production premises or in three local livestock areas (in analogue or digital form) (fourth shapers) ; 47 - control unit of the device, providing the summation of the signals of the numbers of random weighings of arbitrary individuals of the livestock in different zones, the accumulation, storage and summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd over all local habitats controlled by electronic weights, eliminating the overlapping of each other simultaneously arriving at a device for signals of quantities of weighings and signals of live weight, which makes them correspondingly divided in time and corresponding to them in TERM delay. 47 - control unit of the device, providing the summation of the signals of the numbers of random weighings of arbitrary individuals of the livestock in different zones, the accumulation, storage and summation of random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd over all local habitats controlled by electronic weights, eliminating the overlapping of each other simultaneously arriving at a device for signals of quantities of weighings and signals of live weight, which makes them correspondingly divided in time and corresponding to them in temporary delays (due to the lack of additional space in this description of the invention in essence and due to the cumbersomeness of the additional description of fairly well-known and generally traditional actions and technical means of the device operation control unit 47, a detailed description of its composition and internal and external communication links in the framework of this invention are not significant, therefore, it will be unreasonable to overload the description of the present invention and therefore is considered unnecessary and in accordance with this statement is not driven); 48 - a unit for generating a total signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd on several electronic scales in various local areas of the production premises or in local livestock habitats; 49 is a block for generating the total signal of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd on several electronic scales in various local zones of the industrial premises or in local livestock habitats.

Figure 5 - general diagram of the design of electronic scales (scales with a loading platform and an electronic outlet) near the nipple drinker in the production room for raising animals or birds (for example, broilers) with an installed element for additional light attraction of livestock (birds): 50 - concrete the floor of the house; 51 - wood-particle litter; 52 - the supporting part of the design of the scales; 53 - load receiving platform of the scales; 54 - inclined surfaces between the floor or the bedding and the weighing surface of the load platform of the electronic scale in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone with a circular shape of a horizontal load platform of the scales, or in the form of side surfaces of a truncated pyramid with the corresponding polygonal shape of a horizontal load platform of the scale, 55 - nipple drinker; 56 - a section of the water pipe installed in the house for broiler watering; 57 - fastening element to the water pipe of the light-shielding fixture; 58 - light device for additional attraction of livestock to the load-receiving platform of electronic scales.

Claims (3)

1. The device for automated estimation of the average live weight of an animal or bird during a random selective weighing of an individual animal or bird herd contains scales with a loading platform and an electronic output, the first adjuster of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings, characterized in that a second signal adjuster is introduced into the device the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual according to a herd of animals or poultry, the third switch of the signal of confidence probability of priest giving a signal for estimating the average livestock herd of an animal or bird to the confidence interval of signals of random selective weighing of an arbitrary individual of an individual herd, the first driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, the second driver of the signal of the weighing event, the third driver of the signal of the number of weighings of an individual of the herd, live weight signal meter individual herds, the fourth signal former of the measured live mass of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the first memory block received signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd, an adder of signals of measurements of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd, a divider of the resulting total signal by the signal of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of animals or birds (or the driver of the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live mass of an individual according to the herd of animals or poultry), the sixth driver of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd, the second block the formation and formation of signals of differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual from the herd of animals or birds and storing the calculated and generated signals, the third block of squaring and storing of the received signals of the squares of the signal differences, the fourth block of summing received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals, the fourth adjuster of the signal of correspondence to the unit of the number of weighings, the fifth block of the signal difference and the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of the arbitrary individual of the herd, the first divider of the sum of the signals of the squares of the differences of the signals by the signal of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of the individual herds, the sixth square root extraction unit from the signal of the obtained result dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and the signal of the estimate the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds divided by the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of the arbitrary individual of the herd, the seventh driver of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of the animals in the herd, the second divider of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live mass of an individual in a herd by a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live mass of an individual in a herd, the first element of multiplying the signal of the result of dividing by the value one hundred percent, the fifth driver of the signal of the value of one hundred percent, the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual by the herd, the sixth driver of the signal of the argument of the argument of the Laplace function, the second element of multiplying the signal of the estimation of the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the animals by the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, element extracting the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, the third divider of the signal of the obtained product of the signal of the estimation of the coefficient of variation of live weight a herd per herd per signal of the argument of the Laplace function per square root of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd, the first scheme for comparing the generated signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual with the herd with the given signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds, the second scheme for comparing the signal of the number of random weighings with a given signal of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings, a controlled key for cutting further passing signals of reliable estimates in the device, an indication unit for the operating personnel of the signals of final reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing, current, time, measuring and controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing the livestock cultivation technology and its corresponding technological processes, the operation control unit devices, while electronic scales are a series of connection of the live weight signal meter of individual herds and the fourth signal shaper of the measured live weight of an arbitrary herd, the output of which through the first memory block of the received signals of the measured live mass of an arbitrary herd is connected to the connection, which is the first input of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of the live the mass of the individual in the herd, the input of the adder of the measurement signals of the live mass of an arbitrary individual of the herd and the first input of the second block of calculation and signal differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual from a herd of animals or birds and the storage of the calculated and generated signals, the second input of which is the second input, the first and second outputs of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of live mass of an individual according to the herd and connected to the output connection of the fifth driver of the signal for estimating the average live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds, per the second input of the second divider of the estimate signal of the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual by the herd to the signal of the estimate of the mathematical expectation of the live weight of the individual by the herd, which is the first input of the seventh driver of the signal to estimate the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals by the herd, and the first input of the controlled key to allow further passage in the signal device reliable estimates, and the output of the second unit for calculating and generating the signals of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live mass of arbitrary flock individuals and a signal for estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual according to a herd of animals or poultry and storing the calculated and generated signals through a serial connection of the third block raising to the second degree and storing the received signals of the squares of the signal differences, the fourth block of summing the received signals of the squares of the signal differences, through the first input and the output of the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals to the signal of the difference signal of the number of weighings of the herd individuals and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an individual herd, through the sixth block of extracting the square root from the signal of the result of dividing the signal of the sum of the squares of the differences of the stored signals of the measured live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd and the signal of estimating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual according to the herd of animals or birds divided to the difference of the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd, connected to the connection, to The second is the second input of the seventh shaper of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd, the second inputs of the second divider of the signal for estimating the mean square deviation of live weight of the individual in the herd to the signal for evaluating the mathematical expectation of live weight of the individual in the herd and the controlled key to allow further passage of signals in the device reliable estimates, the output of which is connected to the connection of the inputs of the display unit for the maintenance personnel of the current signals key reliable estimates of the required technological parameters of weighing and the corresponding measuring, controlling and setting inputs of automated technological equipment for managing livestock cultivation technology and its corresponding technological processes, the output of the adder of measurement signals of live weight of an arbitrary individual of the herd is connected to the second input of the divider of the received total signal to the signal of the number of weighings of any individuals of the herd, the first entrance of which is the third entrance ohm of the sixth shaper of the signal for estimating the average quadratic deviation of the live weight of the individual in the herd and is connected to the output of the third shaper of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd connected to its input of the second shaper of the signal of the event of weighing, the first input of the fifth block of the signal difference of the number of weighings of arbitrary herds and a signal units of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd, the input of the square root extracting element from the signal of the number of weighings pr arbitrary individuals of the herd, which is the first input of the eighth signal conditioner for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual by the herd, the second input of the second circuit for comparing the signal of the number of random weighings with the given signal of the technologically minimum amount of mandatory weighings, the first input and output of which are connected respectively with the output of the first master minimum number of required weighings and with a second control input of a managed key to allow further passing in the device signals of reliable estimates, the first control input of which is connected to the output of the first comparison circuit of the generated signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd with a given signal of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual in a herd of animals or birds, the first input of which is connected to the output of the second signal setter of the largest permissible error in measuring the average live weight of an individual from a herd of animals or birds, and its second input is the output of the eighth shaper of the signal for estimating the error in measuring the average live weight of the individual over the herd and connecting the fourth input of the controlled key to enable further signal passing in the device of reliable estimates and the output of the third signal divider of the obtained product of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of the live weight of the individuals over the herd on the signal of the argument of the Laplace function to the root square of the signal of the number of weighings of individual individuals of the herd, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the ele the extraction of the square root from the signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and to the output of the second element of multiplying the signal of estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, the first input of which is the second input of the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the error of measuring the average live weight of the individual in the herd and also the output of the seventh shaper of the signal estimates the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd and is connected to the output of the first element of the multiplication of the signal re the division dividing by a hundred percent value and the third input of the controlled key to enable further reliable evaluation signals to pass through the device, the output of the serial connection of the third trust generator is connected to the second input of the second element of the multiplication of the signal for estimating the coefficient of variation of live weight of individuals in the herd by the signal of the argument of the Laplace function the probability that the signal of estimation of the average herd of live weight of an animal or bird falls into the confidence interval of signals of a random sample on weighing an arbitrary individual of an arbitrary herd, the first driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, the sixth driver of the signal of the argument of the Laplace function, the input of which is the third input of the eighth driver of the signal for estimating the measurement error of the average live weight of the individual in the herd, the first and second inputs of the first element of the multiplication of the signal of the division result one hundred percent value are connected respectively to the output of the fifth signal setter, one hundred percent values and to the output of the second divider of the evaluation signal with the single quadratic deviation of the live weight of an individual in a herd to a signal for assessing the mathematical expectation of live weight of an individual in a herd, the second input and output of the fifth block of the difference signal of the number of weighings of arbitrary individuals of the herd and the signal of the unit of the number of weighings of an arbitrary individual of the herd are connected respectively to the output of the fourth setter of the signal of correspondence to the unit of quantity weighings and to the second input of the first divider of the sum of the received signals of the squares of the differences of the signals to the signal of the difference of the signal quantity zveshivany arbitrary individuals herd and signal unit number of weighings of an arbitrary individual herd, a device operation control unit is a control unit block. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two or more electronic scales installed in the production room or in the livestock area, and the corresponding number of second shapers and third shapers, live weight signal meters of individual herds, fourth shapers, moreover, the control unit of the operation of the device, providing the device according to the method with a variety of actions: the summation of the signals of the quantities of random weighings of arbitrary livestock in different zones, is accumulated e, storing and summing up random signals of the weighted live weight of arbitrary individuals of the herd over all local habitat zones controlled by electronic weights, in an additional device, eliminates the overlapping of the signals of weighings and live weight signals from different electronic weights from different habitats simultaneously coming into the device, makes their respective time separation and generates the corresponding time delays in relation to each other, and the outputs of the third beams connected to the corresponding inputs of the total signal input unit of the total number of weighings of arbitrary herds on several electronic scales in various local areas of the production premises or in local livestock areas, introduced into the additional device of the total signal generating unit, the outputs of electronic weights or the outputs of signal shapers of the measured live weight of arbitrary herds in various local zones of the territory of the industrial premises or in local areas of livestock (h tvertyh formers) are connected to respective inputs entered in the additional device forming the sum signal unit measured bodyweight arbitrary individuals herd on several electronic balance in different local area zones industrial premises or in local zones of livestock habitat. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electronic scales of the device according to the method and the additional device according to the method are installed on a concrete or other floor of a livestock or poultry farm, for example, a house, and rise above the particle board litter or other litter, near from a nipple drinker in a production room for raising animals or poultry, such as broilers, with other neighboring drinkers located nearby, in order to additionally attract livestock to electronic scales, on The belt for conducting the process of selective weighing is disconnected from the supply of liquid for drinking livestock, it contains the supporting part of the design of the electronic scale, the load platform of the electronic scale, additional inclined surfaces between the floor or the litter and the load measuring surface of the load platform of the electronic scale in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone in a circular shape horizontal load-bearing platform of the scales, or in the form of lateral surfaces of a truncated polygonal pyramid, if appropriate a polygonal shape of the horizontal load-bearing platform of the scales in order to facilitate the entry of heavy individuals, such as broilers, at the final stage of their cultivation, a nipple drinker, a section of the water supply system for broiler watering installed in the house, an attachment element to the water pipe of the light protection armature, installed near the electronic light balance device for additional attraction of livestock to the load-receiving platform of the balance due to flashing light from the light source to excite additional of particular interest in an individual to approach it, at the same time, ascend to a load-measuring load-receiving platform and thus additionally increase the number of weighings of individuals to accelerate the process of measuring live weight and increase the accuracy of measurements of a sample estimate of the average live weight of an individual according to the herd of livestock.

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