RU2572428C2 - Method to install fixed support into design position with possibility to adjust height position in process of operation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: in the method they serially install and rigidly fix a pipeline support coil on two support axes, representing beams, which are transversely arranged and installed in the frames of the support as capable of displacement together with the support coil. After that they install under each support axis the movable-power mechanisms, by means of which they lift or lower the coil with the support axes at the design elevation, providing at the same time the coil inclination angle compliance with the design value. Then they fix the achieved design position by means of fixation of the support axes in the frames at the design elevation and corresponding design value of the coil inclination value, the ends of the support coil are welded to the pipeline.

EFFECT: provision of stability, strength and stillness of a structure under high loads, provision of the possibility of pipeline support height position variation and correction.

12 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction of elevated pipelines and can be used in the installation of pipe supports in difficult geological conditions, for example, in permafrost.

Fixed supports are installed to ensure absorption of linear extensions of the pipeline at temperature differences of the transported medium and pressure changes. They provide fixation of the pipeline during the estimated service life of the support, taking into account the increased loads that arise in the case of subsidence of the adjacent movable supports.

The inventive method of installing supports is used when dividing the pipeline into thermal compensation units, inside of which the temperature deformations of the pipeline are compensated, while the fixed supports are installed by the claimed method at the beginning and at the end of the thermal compensation unit. Fixed supports, installed by the claimed method, are used when laying newly constructed and reconstructing trunk overhead pipelines of any diameters and with any nominal pressure.

The prior art knows a sufficient number of different types of fixed supports, as well as methods for their installation on site.

A “pipeline support device” according to patent CA 1232255, made with the possibility of adjusting the position of the pipeline in height, is quite simple structurally. The support is made in the form of a massive flat base, to which a stand is made vertically fixed, made in the form of a rod element. A pipe is fixed to the rack by means of a bracket. The bracket has a bolt fastening and, if necessary, adjusting its position, can be shifted along with the pipe up or down in the rack.

A device for supporting pipelines with the possibility of adjusting the position of the pipeline in height can be used for small pipeline diameters (up to 325 mm) and is not applicable for main pipelines.

The possibility of changing the design position of the pipeline support is also provided in the patent for utility model CN 201884792. The utility model relates to a pipeline support, which includes an upper support and a lower support rod. The pipeline is placed on the upper support, placing it on the transverse rods. Vertical supports rigidly fixed to the lower support rod are hollow, while threaded rods are placed inside them, due to the twisting of which the height of the support is adjusted. The movement mechanism is hidden from external influences, which contributes to the possibility of operating such a device in almost any climatic conditions. In addition, the device contains a minimum number of detachable connections, which also contributes to the durability of the mounting device. The pipeline is freely placed on the upper support, which makes it possible to use this support for pipelines of various diameters.

The method of changing the height position of this support is rather laborious, since the threaded rods are constantly under load from the weight of the pipeline with the product being transported, while to adjust the position of the rods, it is necessary to unload the rods, therefore, it is necessary to raise the pipeline with lifting mechanisms to enable such adjustment.

A patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 64315 is also known, for an adjustable pipeline support containing a base and a lodgement, while the support is equipped with wedges symmetrically located on the base, connected by a screw pair, with the possibility of free running on the surface of the base, and the pipeline lodgement rests on the straps and ribs, while the ribs are connected to the strips at a right angle, and the strips are mounted on the inclined surfaces of the wedges. Before installing the support, the pipeline is lifted and fixed. The support is freed from the mounting bolt for transportation. On the concrete column or pile set the base with flat wedges in the middle position. With the help of a screw support, the wedges are bred and installed on the inclined surfaces of the wedges with lodgement planks. Set the lodgement under the pipeline so that the supporting surface of the gasket on the lodgement is parallel to the outer surface of the pipeline. Then the pipeline is lowered, having previously lubricated the surfaces of the slats, wedges and screw threads with grease.

A known method of installing and adjusting the position of the pipe support, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2335685 for the invention of "adjustable support pipe with feedback". The invention can be used in the construction of self-compensating overhead trunk pipelines. The main pipeline and the lodgement of its support are equipped with two vibration sensors. In this case, a strain gauge is installed on the main pipeline. The feedback system gives a command to raise the lodgement in the event that the signals from the vibration sensors are different. The lifting of the lodgement of the main pipeline is terminated by a signal from the deformation sensor.

This device and the way to control its position is problematic to apply in permafrost and critically low temperatures in the Far North, due to the possibility of failure of the sensors.

The closest in technical essence is the method implemented during the operation of the adjustable helical load-bearing support of the pipeline, made according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 85974. The support contains a lodgement connected by nuts through movable-force weight measuring mechanisms in the racks on the base and adjusting devices made in the form of screw-threaded joints, while the movable-power mechanisms are made in the form of screw jacks, and the regulating devices are in the form of jack lifting screws, and as force measuring devices use force measuring sensors with an analog output mounted under the base of the jacks.

The method of changing the height position of this support is rather laborious, since the threaded rods are constantly under load from the weight of the pipeline with the product being transported, while to adjust the position of the rods, it is necessary to unload the rods, therefore, it is necessary to raise the pipeline with hoisting mechanisms to ensure that it is possible to make such adjustment only for pipelines of small diameter.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to provide the ability to fine-tune the design height of the pipeline support and its angle during installation of the pipeline, the ability to adjust the height position of the pipeline during its operation.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed invention is to ensure stability, strength and immobility of the structure under high loads, which makes it possible to change and adjust the height position of the pipeline support.

The problem is solved in that in the method of installing a fixed support in a design position with the ability to adjust the pipeline height during operation, according to the technical solution, the coil of the pipeline support is sequentially placed and rigidly fixed on two supporting axes, which are beams transversely located and installed in support frames with the ability to move together with the support coil. After that, movable-power mechanisms are placed under each supporting axis, by means of which the coil is raised or lowered together with the support axes to the design height, while ensuring that the coil tilt angle corresponds to the design value, and then the achieved design position is fixed by fixing the support axes in frames on the design height with the help of adjustment plates and the corresponding design value of the angle of the coil, weld the ends of the support coil to the pipeline. The inventive method is also used to adjust the position of the fixed support in height during its operation, first weaken the fixation of the support axes in the frames of the support, place movable-power mechanisms under each support axis, by means of which the coil is raised or lowered together with the support axes on design height, while maintaining the design angle of the coil, and then also fix the achieved design position by fixing the support axes in the frames by adjusting vegetable plates. The inventive method is implemented for a fixed shield support, including a support coil and four support frames. The support coil is a pipe equipped with an external casing and a layer of thermal insulation with an inner shell fixed to it in the central part, to which stiffeners are rigidly attached. Each support frame is a supporting rigid welded structure and is designed to transfer the weight and load of the pipeline to the pile foundation grillage and to place the nodes for adjusting the design position of the support in height and angle of inclination. The frames include vertically oriented shields fixed to the horizontal subframes by means of a bolt connection, while in the shields, with the possibility of translational movement along the guides, axle stops are installed in which the supporting axes are placed. The supporting axes are provided with stiffeners, by means of which they are fixed to the support coil. To fix the support axes, sets of adjusting plates are used, which are placed on removable stops under the support axles, and adjusting screws installed in the upper stops above the support axles, and hydraulic jacks are used as movable-power mechanisms. When the support is fixed in the design position, between the frames placed on one side of the pipeline, a removable transport stop is installed. When adjusting the design position of the fixed support, the support coil is moved by the value of the predicted heaving (subsidence) of the soil under the pile support base. When the support is fixed in the design position, when the angle of support of the support is set, a set of adjustment plates is added under one support axis, and a set of adjustment plates are removed under the other support axis, while the thicknesses of the sets of plates of the added and removed plates correspond to each other. When installing the support to ensure its electrical isolation from the pile foundation, dielectric gaskets are placed between the shields and subframes, and the bolted joints of the boards with subframes are electrically insulated with bushings and washers made of dielectric material. The frames are equipped with lateral stops, providing the transmission of axial loads from the pipeline to the pile foundation through dielectric gaskets

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a fixed pipeline support, made possible to adjust its height position.

In FIG. 2 is a front view of a fixed pipe support, made possible to adjust its height position.

In FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the fixed support of the pipeline, through the use of which the inventive method is implemented, while the pipeline is located at an angle to the plane of the grillage.

In FIG. 4 presents a view of the adjustment mechanism by which the inventive method is implemented.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

1) the coil assembly with thermal insulation of the support and the outer casing;

2) pipe;

3) lateral emphasis;

4) pore axis;

5) support frame;

6) subframe;

7) replaceable emphasis;

8) adjusting plates;

9) top stop;

10) adjusting screw;

11) reference axis;

12) grillage;

13) hydraulic jack;

14) removable transportation emphasis;

15) bolted connection with dielectric bushings and washers;

16) dielectric pads.

The inventive method is implemented during installation and operation of a fixed shield support. The support consists of the following main components and parts:

- a coil with thermal insulation 1, made with the possibility of welding to the pipeline, consisting of a pipe 2 with an inner shell fixed to it in the central part (by welding or bolting), to which stiffeners are rigidly welded. The inner shell is made of one rolled sheet welded into a pipe and welded to the coil pipe with annular seams. In the case of a bolted connection of the coil with the shell, the latter consists of two cylindrical lodgements with a connector along the axis of the pipeline. As a coil insulation, non-combustible foam glass is used. Outside, the coil is covered with an outer casing made of galvanized sheet. Under the outer casing in the lower part of the coil, transversely oriented supporting axes 11 are fixed, which are beams, additional stiffening ribs connected to the lower part of the coil;

- four support frames 5, each of which is a rigid rigid welded structure and is designed to transfer loads from the pipeline to the pile foundation grillage and adjust the design position of the support in height and angle of inclination. The frame consists of a vertically oriented shield mounted on a horizontal subframe 6 and provided with stiffeners. In the central part of the shield with the possibility of moving along the guides there is an axle stop 4, which is a steel sheet with a central hole for accommodating the support axis;

- to the frames, by means of a bolted connection, the upper stops 9 are installed, into which the adjusting screws 10 are placed, which ensure the fixation of the support axes in the design position;

- in the central holes of the frames are interchangeable stops 7 and removable sets of adjusting plates 8, designed to adjust the design position of the support in height and angle;

- on the subframe and side stops 3 there are gaskets 16 made of dielectric material and intended for electrical isolation of the support from the grillage and pile foundation.

The support is fixed (installation) in the following sequence.

The support is transported to the place of operation in the assembly, with supporting axes fixed in frames. The support is installed on a previously prepared grillage 12 of the pile foundation. Between two frames located on one side of the pipeline, a removable transport stop 14 is installed, which is removed after installing the support on the grillage. Insulating gaskets are placed between the shield of the support frame and the subframe, and the shield and subframe are mounted using a bolt connection 15 made through insulating sleeves, using insulating washers, while the insulating gaskets, insulating washers and insulating sleeves are made, for example, of fluoroplastic, providing electrical insulation of the support with a resistance of at least 100 kOhm. After installing the support on the grillage of the pile foundation and fixing one subframe to the grillage (with welded tacks or clamps), the vertical angle of the support is installed (if necessary) and the height of the support is adjusted as follows: under the supporting axes, movable-power mechanisms are installed that provide the possibility of raising the coil supports. As such mechanisms can be used hydraulic jacks 13, pairwise installed under each axis of the support. The adjusting screws that hold the supporting axes in place loosen, allowing vertical movement of the axles. Using hydraulic jacks, the support axes are raised (lowered) by a distance corresponding to a given design angle and the height of the support coil with an increase of up to 15 mm. Then, the adjustment plates are installed (dismantled) on interchangeable stops in the required quantity corresponding to the calculated value. When forming the angle of inclination of the support, the thickness of the added plates under one supporting axis corresponds to the thickness of the removed plates under the other supporting axis. After completing the assembly of the support with the adjustment plates, the support coil is lowered with jacks on the adjustment plates, while the second, not fixed, subframe slides along the grillage in the case of a slope of the support coil. Then, screws from above fix the reached position of the support coil. After the adjustment described above, the subframes and grillage are welded, after which the support coil is welded to the pipeline.

Adjustment of the axis of the pipeline (support coil) in height is carried out in case of subsidence (heaving) of the soil and the need to restore the design position. To adjust under the supporting axes, hydraulic jacks are installed on the supports. At the same time, the adjusting screws are loosened, providing the possibility of free movement of the support axles together with the axle stops along the guides in the frame hole. The support coil together with the support axes is raised. The required number of adjustment plates is laid in the holes of the frames, on interchangeable stops. Moreover, the total thickness of the added plates on all four interchangeable stops is the same. If necessary, lower the level of placement of the support coil, the adjustment plates, with an equal total thickness for all interchangeable stops, are removed. After such adjustment, the support coil with supporting axes is lowered onto the adjustment plates. Then the screws are tightened to completely fix the supporting axes in the holes of the frames.

Claims (12)

1. A method of installing a fixed support in a design position according to the angle of inclination and height with the possibility of height adjustment during operation, characterized in that for installing the support stationary in the design position, the coil of the pipeline support is sequentially placed and rigidly fixed on two supporting axes, which are beams , transversely located and mounted in the frames of the support with the possibility of movement in the holes of the frame together with the coil of the support, are placed under each supporting axis of the movable-power mechanisms, by means of which the coil is raised or lowered together with the support axes to the design height, while ensuring that the coil tilt angle corresponds to the design value, after which the achieved design position is fixed by fixing the support axes in the support frames at the design height and the corresponding design value of the coil tilt angle, welded the ends of the support coil to the pipeline, and the ability to adjust the altitude position during operation of the fixed support is provided by means placed under each supporting axis of movable-power mechanisms. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the support coil is a pipe equipped with an external casing and a layer of thermal insulation with an inner shell fixed to it in the central part to which stiffeners are attached. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the support frames are welded support structures provided with stiffeners, including vertically oriented panels, fixed to horizontal subframes by bolt connection, while stops are installed in the panels with the possibility of translational movement along the rails axes in which the supporting axes are placed. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for fixing the supporting axes using sets of adjustment plates placed on removable stops under the support axles, and adjusting screws installed in the upper stops above the support axles. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as the movable-power mechanisms using hydraulic jacks. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when the support is fixed in the design position between the frames placed on one side of the pipeline, a removable transport stop is installed. 7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the supporting axes are provided with stiffeners, by means of which they are fixed to the support coil. 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when adjusting the design position of the fixed support, the support coil is moved by the value of the predicted heaving, subsidence of soils. 9. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when the support is fixed in the design position when the angle of the support is set, the thickness of the added adjustment plates under one supporting axis corresponds to the thickness of the removed adjustment plates under the other supporting axis. 10. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that when installing the support to ensure its electrical isolation from the pile foundation between the boards and subframes, dielectric gaskets are placed, and the bolted joints of the boards with subframes are electrically insulated with bushings and washers made of dielectric material. 11. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the frames are equipped with lateral stops, providing the transmission of axial loads from the pipeline to the pile foundation through dielectric gaskets. 12. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when adjusting the height position, the fixation of the support axes in the support frames is weakened, movable-power mechanisms are placed under each support axis, by means of which the coil is raised or lowered together with the support axes to the design height, providing while maintaining the calculated angle of inclination of the coil, after which they also fix the achieved design position by fixing the supporting axes in the frames of the support.

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