RU2572024C1 - System for optical wireless data transmission between vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: system for optical wireless data transmission between vehicles includes an on-board equipment unit and a control unit. A vehicle is equipped with radiating sensors and receiving sensors. The radiating sensors are an array of light-emitting diodes in the visible spectrum, which transit data to other vehicles and road infrastructure elements, connected by inputs through an optical signal encoder to the output of the control unit. The receiving sensors are an array of photodiodes which receive data from other vehicles and road infrastructure elements, connected by outputs through optical signal detectors to the input of the control unit. The control unit is provided with a program which processes decoded data from the receiving sensors. Processing results are transmitted to display devices, and data from the on-board equipment unit are transmitted through the control unit and the optical signal encoder to the radiating sensors.

EFFECT: safer road traffic.

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Description

The invention relates to systems for controlling the movement of vehicles with optical detectors, including for the prevention of collisions.

A known method of helping a driver of a road vehicle (DE 10138001, IPC G01S 15/93, G01S 15/87, G01S 13/93, G01S 7/52, G01S 7/526. Roland Klinnert, Christian Zott, Hauke Schmidt, Steffen Schluff, Bemhard Wimitzer. Echo signal monitoring device, for use on motor vehicle, has mode for determining relative position of transmitter and receiver units with respect to each other using returned echo. - Published on 02/20/2003), including a device for monitoring ultrasonic signals containing receivers and transmitters of an ultrasonic signal reflected from objects. To estimate the distance from the sensor emitters of ultrasonic signals to the object, it uses a signal processing unit, which calculates, based on the reflected ultrasonic signals, the relative position of the sensor emitters and receiver sensors.

The disadvantage of this method is that the location of objects that are obstacles is determined by calculations based on measurements of the time between radiation and reception of the reflected ultrasonic signal and the assumption that the propagation speed of the signal is equal to the speed of sound propagation in air, which will be true for stationary objects, for example, when parking a vehicle, but when the vehicle is moving, the method does not contribute to increased safety.

The known system (RU 2492082, IPC B60W 30/08, B60W 30/12, G08G 1/16. Kobayashi Masahiro, Hayakawa Yasuhisa, Sato Kou. Assistant in driving a vehicle and a method of assistance in driving a vehicle. - Published on 09/10/2013 ), which contains a side interference detector, an obstacle approach prevention controller, an overtaking state detector, a control suppression module, and an anticipated position estimation module that can prevent vehicle collisions.

The disadvantage of the system is the large number of sensor receivers and sensor emitters, which leads to a high cost of the system, and a decrease in the number of these sensors leads to a significant increase in the "dead zones" in which the system cannot detect objects.

Known obstacle detection system (RU 2139572, IPC B60Q 1/48; B60W 30/00; G01S 13/93; G08G 1/00; G08G 1/16. Mauro Del 'Sin'ore. Electromagnetic detection system for parking operation. - Publ. 10.10.1999), containing an electromagnetic field generator, a detector of changes in the electromagnetic field, calculated for parking vehicles.

The disadvantage of the system is the inability to determine the location of objects that are obstacles, since this requires several sensor receivers and a signal processing unit that has the ability to compare the received information, and the described system contains only one metallized tape, which also acts as the only sensor emitter signals, and in the role of a single sensor-receiver of signals.

Assistance systems for a driver of a vehicle based on an electromagnetic sensor-emitter have a relatively small distance for detecting objects: for assistance systems for a driver of a vehicle based on an electromagnetic sensor-emitter, it is about 0.7 m, while for assistance systems for a driver of a vehicle based ultrasonic sensor-emitter - 2.5 m.

The aim of the invention is to increase the safety of road traffic.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the vehicle is equipped with sensors-emitters and sensors-receivers.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the vehicle is equipped with sensors-emitters and sensors-receivers, and the sensors-emitters are an array of LEDs for visible radiation of the spectrum of electromagnetic waves that transmit data to other vehicles and road infrastructure elements located in the locations of the light signaling of the vehicle and inputs through the encoder of optical signals connected to the output of the control unit, and the receiver sensors are an array of diodes receiving data from other vehicles involved in traffic and road infrastructure elements located along the perimeter of the vehicle either with a solid horizontal line or dispersed, connected by outputs through optical decoders to the input of a control unit equipped with a special program that processes decoded data from sensor receivers, the processing results are sent to indicating devices, and data from the on-board equipment unit through the control unit I and the encoder of the optical signals arrive at the emitter sensors, transmitting data for the participants in the movement.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of an optical wireless data transmission system between vehicles, comprising an on-board equipment unit 1, a control unit 2, indicating devices 3 (light, sound, displays), receiver sensors 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N), decoders optical signals 5 (5.1, 5.2, ..., 5.N), an encoder of optical signals 6, emitting sensors 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N).

In FIG. Figures 2, 3, 4 show the arrangement of sensors-emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) in places of headlights and lanterns of the vehicle (front lights and lanterns 8, rear lights and lanterns 9), in addition, on the vehicle body funds placed sensors receivers 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N).

The proposed system of wireless optical data transmission between vehicles works as follows.

The operation of the sensor emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) and the sensor receivers 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N) starts immediately from the moment the vehicle engine is started (Fig. 2, 3, 4) and ends when the engine stops. From the vehicle’s onboard equipment unit 1, through the control unit 2, proprietary data are transmitted to the emitting sensors, mainly, about speed, coordinates in space and route. Sensors-emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) emitting in the visible region of the spectrum of electromagnetic waves illuminate the roadway and at the same time flicker (turn on and off) with a switching frequency, usually not less than 0.5 MHz at one radiation frequency. These on and off are combined into binary data arrays, i.e. binary data is transmitted (WO 2013064835, IPC Н04В 10/116. Harald Haas, Gordon Povey, Mostafa Afgani, Sinan Sinanovic, Dobroslav Tsonev, lan Underwood, Wasiu Popoola. Communication apparatus and method. - Publish. May 10, 2013) using the method of optical multiplexing with orthogonal frequency division of channels.

The optical multiplexing method with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is achieved by the fast Fourier transform algorithm, that is, by the discrete Fourier transform on the transmitting side and by the fast inverse Fourier transform algorithm on the receiving side.

Thus, the emitting sensors 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) transmit data to other participants in traffic and road infrastructure elements equipped with pickup sensors 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N).

Data from the on-board equipment unit 1 of the vehicle through the control unit 2 and the optical signal encoder 3 are sent to the emitting sensors 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N). Data from the receiver sensors 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N) through the optical signal decoders 5 (5.1, 5.2, ..., 5.N) enter the control unit 2 of the vehicle.

As a result, the control unit 2 installed on another vehicle that received this data can calculate the distance from the vehicle that transmitted this data, determine the likelihood of a collision with the vehicle that transmitted the data and, accordingly, generate a signal for the indicating devices 3, which, in turn, helps to prevent collisions of vehicles.

The emitting sensors 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) are mainly located in the places where the headlights and lamps of the vehicle are mounted, either integrated in these headlights and lanterns, or replace these headlights and lanterns. At least two sensor emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) are located in the front and two in the rear of the vehicle. To increase the reliability of data transmission, the number of sensor emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N) can be increased.

Sensors receivers 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N) are mainly located by a solid horizontal line around the entire perimeter of the vehicle at a level of 110 cm above the ground, which approximately corresponds to the height of the steering wheel and the height of the sensors-emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2, ..., 7.N).

Receiver sensors 4 (4.1, 4.2, ..., 4.N) can also be arranged not as a solid line, but dispersed, at least 1 m apart, to exclude zones that are not sensitive to signals from sensor emitters 7 (7.1, 7.2 , ..., 7.N) other vehicles.

According to the current rules of the road of the Russian Federation, on all moving vehicles, even in daylight, dipped headlights or daytime running lights must be switched on, therefore, the optical wireless data transmission system between vehicles can function continuously.

The proposed device can be mounted and integrated with the systems of any vehicles, since they all have headlights and flashlights.

Thus, the proposed optical wireless data transmission system between vehicles allows you to quickly and reliably transfer data electronically via a wireless optical channel and receive data from other road users and from road infrastructure elements, which ensures increased road safety.

Claims (1)

An optical wireless data transmission system between vehicles, including a vehicle avionics unit and a control unit, characterized in that the vehicle is equipped with emitting sensors and receiver sensors, the emitting sensors being an array of visible light emitting diodes of the electromagnetic wave spectrum transmitting data other vehicles and road infrastructure elements located at the locations of the light signaling of the vehicle means and inputs through the encoder of optical signals connected to the output of the control unit, and the receiver sensors are an array of photodiodes that receive data from other vehicles involved in traffic and road infrastructure elements located along the perimeter of the vehicle either in a solid horizontal line or dispersed connected by outputs through optical signal decoders to the input of a control unit equipped with a special program that processes decoded data t-sensor receivers receives the processing results on the display unit, and data from on-board equipment unit through a control unit and an encoder optical signals fed to the emitters-sensors transmit data to road users.

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