RU2571468C1 - Method to measure force of bucket introduction into working medium and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: method to measure force of bucket introduction into a material stack includes an operation of horizontal bucket introduction, an operation of bucket introduction value measurement, an operation of introduction force measurement. The stack is made as movable relative to the base and is equipped with a power device. The bucket fixed on the frame is made as fixed relative to the base with the capability of making small horizontal movements, proportionate to measured force of bucket introduction into the stack. The bucket introduction force measurement device includes a stack, a bucket, fixed on the frame with hinged-bar elements, a power device of introduction, a device to measure bucket introduction value, a device to measure bucket introduction force. The stack is made as a hopper with loose material and is equipped with a power screw mechanism. The bucket with the frame is installed on four vertical cranks connected to a digital force measure device.

EFFECT: invention provides for high accuracy of force measurement on a bucket.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and devices for measuring the force of introduction of the front loader bucket into a stack of material.

A known method and device for the study of the forces acting on the bucket of a loading machine [see, for example, and.with. No. 655841, E21F 13/00, G01M 15/00, publ. 04/05/79, bull. No. 13], containing the bucket of the loading machine, which moves along the frame of the stand, the side wall of the bucket is movable and equipped with sensors associated with recorders.

The disadvantage of this method and device is the design complexity and large overall dimensions, because the whole machine with a bucket is mounted on a stand for conducting a force study on the bucket.

The closest known technical solutions to the claimed method and device is a stand for measuring the force on the bucket [see, for example, A. with. No. 184496, class 42K, 21/01, publ. 07/21/1966, bull. No. 15], containing a box with bulk material and rails located on the frame along which the loader with a bucket moves, equipped with a measuring device with beams and load cells.

A disadvantage of the known methods and devices is the design complexity due to the bulkiness of the mechanical devices and the use of strain gauges that reduce the accuracy of measuring the force on the bucket.

The task of the method of measuring the force of introduction of the bucket into the stack of material, including the power operation of horizontal introduction of the bucket, the operation of measuring the force of introduction of the bucket, according to the method, the stack of material is movable relative to the base and equipped with a power device, and the bucket mounted on the frame is made stationary relative to the base with the ability to perform small horizontal possible displacements proportional to the measured force of bucket penetration into the stack.

The task of the device for measuring the strength of the introduction of the bucket into the stack, including the stack, the bucket mounted on the frame by hinged-rod elements, the power of the introduction, the device for measuring the magnitude of the introduction of the bucket, the device for measuring the strength of the introduction of the bucket, according to the invention, the stack of material is made in the form of a hopper with bulk material and equipped with a power mechanism, a bucket with a frame mounted on four vertical cranks connected to a digital dynamometer.

The specified technical result in terms of the method consists in reducing and eliminating the influence of friction in the joints of the measuring part of the stand on the readings of a digital dynamometer, as well as in simplifying the design of the device and improving the accuracy of the measuring process of the force of introduction of the bucket into the stack.

The specified technical result in terms of the device for measuring the force of introduction of the bucket into the stack is achieved by installing a bucket with a frame on four vertical cranks, small displacements of which, proportional to the measured force of introduction, are recorded in the form of the force of introduction into the stack by a digital dynamometer.

The method and device are illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device is a side view; in FIG. 2 is a top view of a device for measuring the force of bucket penetration into a stack of material.

The method and device for introducing bucket into the working environment contain: 1 - bucket; 2, 3, 4 - hinge-rod plates; 5 - frame; 6 - bracket on the base; 7, 8 - vertical cranks; 9 - bracket on the frame; 10 - digital dynamometer; 11 - adjusting nut; 12 - base; 13 - adjusting screw; 14 - a directing corner; 15 - power screw; 16 - a nut; 17 - screw bracket; 18 - handle; 19 - hopper; 20 - a stack.

In FIG. 1 additionally shows the geometric parameters of the device: a - base location of the cranks of the measuring stand; and ₁ is the length of the crank; and ₂ is the height dimension from the cutting edge of the bucket to the upper hinge of the crank O ₁ ; P ₁ - horizontal force on the bucket; P ₂ - vertical force on the bucket.

The essence of the method of measuring the force P _{1 the} introduction of the bucket into the stack is as follows.

When pushing the hopper 19 with the stack 20 onto the bucket 1 with a screw mechanism 15, 16, 18, a horizontal force P ₁ and a vertical force P ₁ arise on the cutting edge of the bucket. The force P _{1 is} transmitted through the frame 5 and the bracket 9 to the measuring digital dynamometer 10. Due to the small elastic deformations of the measuring part of the digital dynamometer 10, small horizontal elastic movements of the frame 5 occur, which are proportional to the force P ₁ measured by the digital dynamometer. Moreover, the force P ₂ does not change its vertical position and practically does not affect the balance of forces P ₁ and P ₁ .

The friction force in the hinges of the measuring stand, reduced to the measuring dynamometer, is determined by the formulas

;

;

.

.

where f is the coefficient of sliding friction in the joints; d is the diameter of the axis of the hinge.

The indicated friction forces do not exceed 1.5% of the measured force P ₁ . Therefore, the proposed method of measuring the force P ₁ is quite accurate and effective.

A device for measuring the strength of the introduction of the bucket into the stack works as follows. The screw mechanism 15, 16 provides the sliding of the hopper 19 with the stack 20 on the bucket 1. On the cutting edge of the bucket there are forces P ₁ and P ₁ . In this case, the force P ₁ through the frame 5, the bracket 9 is transmitted to the digital dynamometer 10, which fixes the value of the force P ₁ = P ₁ . The vertical force P ₂ affects the process of measuring the force P ₁ only indirectly through the friction forces in the joints.

The considered method and device for measuring the force of introduction of the bucket into the stack allows you to get reliable measurement results, use various materials of the stack and various buckets.

Claims (2)

1. The method of measuring the force of introduction of the bucket into the stack of material, including the power operation of horizontal introduction of the bucket, the operation of measuring the magnitude of the introduction of the bucket, the operation of measuring the force of introduction, characterized in that the stack of material is movable relative to the base and equipped with a power device, and the bucket mounted on the frame perform stationary relative to the base with the ability to perform small horizontal movements proportional to the measured force of the introduction of the bucket into the stack. 2. A device for measuring the force of introduction of a bucket into a stack according to the method of claim 1, comprising a stack, a bucket mounted on a frame by hinged-rod elements, a power introduction device, a device for measuring the magnitude of the introduction of a bucket, a device for measuring the force of introduction of a bucket, characterized in that the material is stacked made in the form of a hopper with bulk material and equipped with a power screw mechanism, a bucket with a frame mounted on four vertical cranks connected to a digital dynamometer.

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