RU2570922C1 - Locking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: locking mechanism comprises a gate and slider. The gate is installed in a breech area. On the gate there is an upper ledge and lower ledges. The slider is installed on a gas piston spring-loaded by a return spring. On the slider there is a locking and an unlocking ledges, having the possibility of contact with the upper ledge of the gate, lower ledges of which may contact with stops available on the breech or on the breech chamber. The gate is made of two elements - the gate body and the gate cover. The gate cover is installed on the gate body by means of axes with the possibility of rocking. The gate body is placed in the breech area, with the possibility of axial movement.

EFFECT: increased reliability of locking mechanism design.

7 dwg

Description

Known locking mechanism for automatic small arms, containing a bolt frame and a bolt mounted therein with a figured cutout, a gas piston spring-loaded with a return spring fastened to the bolt frame, and also an insert. The shutter of the mechanism in its front part is equipped with one combat protrusion, on which, for interaction with the curly cutout of the shutter frame, a leading protrusion is made, and a sucking protrusion which is made thickened and interacts with the cutout in the insert with its rear surface.

In the process of loading the bolt frame together with the bolt under the action of the return spring is fed forward. The shutter pushes out a cartridge from the magazine and sends it to the barrel chamber, closes the bore and, under the action of a curved notch in which the leading protrusion is placed, rotates around its axis. The combat and releasing protrusions go beyond the stops of the liner and the bolt is locked.

After firing, as soon as the bullet passes the gas outlet, part of the gas presses on the gas piston and throws the bolt frame back. During reverse movement, the bolt frame by a curly cut moves the bolt and disengages it from the liner, as a result of which the bolt is unlocked and the barrel bore is opened (see RF Patent No. 20049435, class F41A 3/00, 1994).

As a result of the analysis of the known locking mechanism, it should be noted that the presence of a curved cutout on the shutter frame in which the shutter stop is located complicates the kinematics of the shutter during its operation, and the presence of an insert complicates the design of the locking mechanism, and, therefore, reduces its reliability. The known locking mechanism has a limited scope, since it cannot be used for weapons using high-power cartridges, due to the fact that at high recoil speeds the shutter can jam. When the curvilinear cut-out and stop are worn, the bolt may not reach the desired position in order to be fixed by the protrusions of the liner, so in this case the bolt will not be locked, which will lead to a failure of the weapon. Restoring the curved surface of the cutout is very difficult and requires special equipment.

Known locking mechanism having the possibility of reciprocating movement of the shutter, a protrusion is made on the shutter, on which there are beveled front and rear surfaces. In the bolt there is an axial hole in which the drummer is placed. The bolt is mounted in the receiver on an axis with the possibility of swing relative to this axis, mounted perpendicular to the axis of the barrel.

A gas piston equipped with a return spring is installed in the gas exhaust pipe with the possibility of axial reciprocating movement, on which there is a slide moving and locking element made in the form of a slide equipped with ribs included in the corresponding grooves of the receiver, and two protrusions, one of which is a locking and the second - unlocking. On the protrusions there are beveled surfaces (see RF patent No. 2246676, class F41A 3/00, 2005 - the closest analogue).

As a result of the analysis of the known locking mechanism, it should be noted that swinging the entire shutter complicates the operation of the extractor and cocking the spring of the firing pin if the weapon uses a firing trigger. The round section of the upper part of the chamber (or the breech of the barrel) determines the complex shape of the upper stop on the chamber (or barrel) and the upper protrusion of the shutter, which complicates their manufacture and operation. The upper emphasis of the chamber (or barrel) and the upper protrusion of the bolt have a small contact surface, which leads to a relatively low strength of the upper protrusion of the bolt and increases the risk of it breaking off when firing high power cartridges.

The technical result of the present invention is the development of a locking mechanism, reliable in operation, convenient to maintain and easy to repair.

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in the locking mechanism containing a shutter installed in the receiver, on which there is an upper protrusion and lower protrusions, a slider is mounted on a gas piston spring-loaded with a return spring, on which are made locking and unlocking protrusions having the possibility of contact with the upper protrusion shutter, the lower protrusions of which have the ability to contact with the stops available on the barrel or on the chamber, new is that the shutter is made of two elements - the body and a slide cover mounted on the valve body by means of axes with the possibility of swinging, the shutter body is arranged in the receiver, with the possibility of axial movement, and the upper and lower stops are arranged on the slide cover.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by graphic materials on which:

- in FIG. 1 shows a locking mechanism, side view;

- in FIG. 2 - locking mechanism, front view;

- in FIG. 3 - the position of the elements of the mechanism when locking;

- in FIG. 4 - the position of the elements of the mechanism in the locked position;

- in FIG. 5 - position of the elements of the mechanism during unlocking;

- in FIG. 6 - the position of the elements of the mechanism in the open position;

- in FIG. 7 - locking mechanism, general view.

The locking mechanism comprises a shutter installed in the receiver, made of two elements - the shutter body 1 and the shutter cover 2 connected to the shutter body 1 by means of axes 3 placed on the shutter body perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 4. (Fig. 1). The shutter cover has the ability to swing on the axes 3 relative to the body 1 of the shutter. There is a window on the side surface of the shutter cover (not indicated by the position) for ejecting sleeves.

The upper protrusion 5 is made on the upper cut of the shutter cover 2, and the lower two protrusions 6 are made on the lower cut (Fig. 1). On the protrusion 5 there are beveled front "A" and rear "B" surfaces (Fig. 4).

In the body of the shutter 1 there is a hole (not indicated by the position) in which the hammer 7 is placed (Fig. 3). The shutter body 1 has the possibility of axial reciprocating motion in the receiver.

On the barrel 4 can be fixed chamber 9 (Fig. 7) with the upper thrust surface "B" and the lower stops 8 (Fig. 3). In the absence of a chamber, the thrust surface "B" and stops 8 are performed directly on the barrel 4.

A gas piston 11 is mounted with axial reciprocating movement fixed on the barrel of the exhaust pipe 10 (Fig. 3), on which there is an element 12 for moving and locking the shutter. The gas piston is spring-loaded with a return spring 13 (Fig. 3).

Element 12 for moving and locking the shutter cover 2 is made in the form of a slider on which there are ribs 14 (Fig. 1) included in the corresponding grooves of the receiver (not shown) and two protrusions 15 (Fig. 1) and 16 (Fig. 5) . The protrusion 15 is the locking, and the protrusion 16 is the unlocking.

One of the surfaces of the protrusion 15 (surface "G") is made beveled (Fig. 5). The surface "D" of the protrusion 16 is also beveled (Fig. 4).

The breech of the barrel, the body of the shutter, the shutter cover have not traditionally round, but a rectangular cross-section (Fig. 2). The cartridge is indicated at 17 (FIG. 3).

The locking mechanism operates as follows.

The locking of the cartridge 17 by a locking mechanism is as follows.

Under the influence of the return spring 13, the gas piston 11 moves, and, consequently, the slider 12, which comes into contact with the surface "B" of the protrusion 5 of the protrusion 5 of the shutter cover 2 by the surface "G", trying to squeeze it down. The protrusions 6 of the shutter cover are pressed by the lower surface to the upper surface of the stops 8 of the chamber 9 (or the barrel in the absence of a chamber). As a result, the shutter body 1 and the shutter cover 2 are moved. Their movement is carried out until the protrusion 5 comes into contact with the thrust surface “B” of the chamber 9 or barrel 4 (Fig. 3).

In the process of moving the shutter body 1 captures the cartridge 17 with its end and sends it to the chamber 9 or to the barrel bore 4, loading the weapon (Fig. 3).

The length of the protrusion 5 of the shutter cover 2 is selected in such a way that as soon as the stop 5 extends beyond the contact surface "B" of the chamber, the end face of the body of the shutter 1 is in contact with the end face of the barrel or chamber (Fig. 4).

When moving the protrusion 5 over the stop surface “B”, the shutter lid swings on the axis 3 (Fig. 1), as a result, the protrusions 6 of the shutter lid extend beyond the stops 8 of the chamber 9 or barrel 4 (Fig. 1 and 7), fixing the shutter lid 2.

At the same time, the slider 12 continues to translate forward and runs over the lower surface of the protrusion 5 of the protrusion 5 of the shutter cover 2, protecting it from unlocking (locks it), and stops in this position. The cartridge 17 is locked in the chamber or barrel by a locking mechanism (Fig. 4).

After a shot by the impact of the striker 7 on the capsule of the cartridge 17, as soon as the bullet passes the gas outlet, the gas piston 11 is thrown back under the pressure of the powder gases. The slider 12 performs a reverse movement together with the gas piston, as a result of which the locking protrusion 15 comes off the protrusion 5, the unlocking protrusion 16 makes contact with its surface "D" with the front surface "A" of the protrusion 5 and brings it out of contact with the contact surface "B "Chamber 9, as a result of which the shutter cover 2 on the axis 3 makes a swing movement upward, the protrusion 5 disengages from the stop surface" B ", and the protrusions 6 - with the stops 8 (Fig. 5) and the shutter cover 2 together with the shutter body 1 makes reverse movement, cartridge case 17 selections sucked out of the chamber 9 (Fig. 6). When the valve moves backward, a return spring 13 is charged.

Next, the cycle repeats.

Very significant in the claimed design is that the shutter is not made monolithic, but consisting of two parts - the body of the shutter and the shutter cover. As a result of this, during operation of the locking mechanism, only the shutter lid makes a wiggle movement, and the shutter body moves along the horizontal axis, which simplifies the kinematics of the elements of the locking mechanism, makes it more reliable in operation, more convenient in maintenance and repair.

It is also very important that the breech, the shutter, and the shutter cover have not a round, but a rectangular section, which simplifies their manufacture and improves the shutter. This also contributes to the fact that the width of the upper stop on the barrel and the upper protrusion on the shutter cover are increased in width, which increases their strength by several times, and, consequently, reliability in operation.

Claims (1)

A locking mechanism comprising a shutter installed in the receiver, on which there is an upper protrusion and lower protrusions, a slider mounted on a gas piston spring-loaded with a return spring, on which the locking and unlocking protrusions are made having contact with the upper protrusion of the shutter, the lower protrusions of which have contact with stops available on the barrel or on the chamber, characterized in that the shutter is made of two elements - the body of the shutter and the shutter cover mounted on the body of the shutter between tion axes with the possibility of swinging, the shutter body is arranged in the receiver with the possibility of axial movement, and the upper and lower stops are arranged on the slide cover.

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