RU2570605C1 - Device for channel angular pressing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: device contains dies and matrix with n crossing straight channels. Variability of the pressing diagrams in one device with assurance of set deformation accumulation is ensured due to the fact that each channel is made with two input holes intended for dies insertion, and is crossed by two other channels such, that all channels together create polygon with n≥3 sides with originating from its tops beams according to number of dies p = 2n. The device can have additional die and additional channel with one input hole for the additional die insertion, and by another hole interfaced with crossing of two channels at the polygon top.

EFFECT: blanks manufacturing mainly from non-ferrous alloys with increased mechanical properties, and improved coefficient of metal use.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, and in particular to devices for intensive plastic deformation, and is intended for the manufacture of preforms mainly from non-ferrous alloys with enhanced mechanical properties due to intensive grinding of the structure with an increased coefficient of metal utilization.

The prior art device for multi-path equal channel angular pressing (RU 2477662 C2 of 03/20/2013. Bull. No. 8).

The disadvantages of the known device are the difficulty of manufacturing a matrix with channels intersecting in three mutually perpendicular planes, as well as the low utilization of the metal of the workpiece due to distortion of the end sections of the pressed workpiece.

In addition, the prior art method of channel angular pressing of blanks and a device for its implementation (RU 2146571 C1 from 03.20.2000. Bull. No. 8), containing punches and a matrix with intersecting rectilinear channels. The known device is free from the disadvantages of the above analogue and is selected as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the narrowness of its technological capabilities, due to the variability of the dimensions of the cross section of the second channel, which does not allow without pre-treatment of the workpiece to use it in subsequent pressing passes for the accumulation of deformations. In addition, the known device does not allow the variation of angular pressing schemes, which is due to the only implemented route of pressing.

The objective of the invention is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the channel angular pressing device.

Achievable technical result - the variability of the schemes and routing of pressing in one device for the number of passes of the workpiece through the matrix, necessary to accumulate a given deformation without removing the workpiece from the matrix after the next pass. An additional technical result - the manufacture of the matrix is greatly simplified.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for channel angular pressing containing punches and a matrix with n intersecting rectilinear channels, each channel is made with two inlets intended for introducing punches and intersecting two other channels so that all the channels together form a polygon from n≥3 sides with rays emanating from its vertices in the number of punches p = 2n, in addition, the device is equipped with at least one additional punch and one additional channel made with one inlet intended for the introduction of an additional punch, and the other with a pair of intersections with the intersection of two channels at the top of the polygon.

The claimed invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where

- in FIG. 1 schematically shows a channel angular pressing device for n = 4, realizing from one to four centers of deformation during channel angular pressing of a workpiece for the required number of passes through the die before the accumulation of a given deformation without removing the workpiece from the matrix after the next pass;

- in FIG. 2 schematically shows a channel angular pressing device with one additional channel.

The channel angular pressing device (Fig. 1) contains a matrix 1 and eight punches 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. The matrix 1 is made with four (there can be arbitrarily many, but at least three of the conditions the formation of a closed figure - a polygon) intersecting rectilinear channels, each of which is made with two inlets. The inlets 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the channels are intended for introducing the corresponding punches 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Each of the channels intersects two adjacent channels so that all the channels together form a quadrangle (there can be any other polygon) with sides 18, 19, 20, and 21 and eight rays 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 emanating from the vertices 22, 23, 24, and 25 of the quadrangle the number of punches (the number of rays is equal to the number of punches p = 2n = 2 × 4 = 8).

A different entry of punches 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 into the matrix 1 implements one or another configuration of intersecting channels for routing pressing at a given number of passes of the workpiece without removing it from the matrix before the next pass. The drive of the punches 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 can be made separate, for example, from individual hydraulic cylinders (not shown in graphic materials).

The matrix of the channel angular pressing device can be equipped with from 1 to n additional channels (according to the number of vertices of the polygon). In FIG. 2 shows a variant with one additional channel 34 and one additional punch 35 with n = 4 (additional channel-punch pairs can be from one to n). The additional channel 34 can be made at different angles to the mating channels, which will actually double the number of possible schemes for pressing the workpiece through the matrix.

The claimed invention works as follows.

For the formation of one deformation zone with a single change in the direction of the metal flow by 90 °, it is sufficient to ensure that the punches enter the matrix by the following quantities:

- for short workpieces, pressing can be carried out sequentially in one of four channel options, for example, the receiving channel is the hole 10 for the punch 2. In this case, the working part of the punch 4 and 7 in the matrix is composed of distances (2b + a), with their fixation position during the working stroke of the punch 2. The punch 9 prior to pressing has an entry into the matrix at a distance of (b) and during the working stroke by the amount of (b) the punch 2 creates a back pressure. The workpiece is pushed out of the channel by a punch 4, while the punch 2 and 7 are stationary. Punches 3, 5, 6, 8 are not involved in this angular pressing scheme. the receiving channel in this pressing scheme can be any, so the alternation of channels when reconfiguring the control system of the punches will reduce the wear of the matrix;

- for billets of increased length using the same receiving channel, intersecting channels can be formed by entering into the matrix of punches 7, 8 and 9 at a distance of (b), and punches 4 and 5 at a distance of (2b + a). During pressing, the punch 8 creates back pressure on the stroke value (b). The pressing is carried out by the punch 2 at the stroke value (2b + a), the workpiece is pushed out of the channel by the punch 5. The punches 4, 7 and 9 remain in a fixed position throughout the pressing process, and the punches 3 and 6 are not involved in this angular pressing scheme.

For the formation of two foci of deformation with a twofold change in the direction of metal flow according to the channel angular pressing scheme in parallel channels, it is necessary to provide the following values of the punches entering the matrix. If the hole 10 under the punch 2 is the receiving channel, the entry into the matrix of punches 5, 7, 8 and 9 is necessary at a distance (b), the punch 4 - at a distance (2b + a). When punch 2 reaches a stroke equal to (b + a), punch 4 makes a return stroke to release the channel, and punch 3 enters the matrix a distance of (2b + a), allowing the metal to move in the direction of hole 14 under punch 6, which in this pressing scheme is the output channel. At the end of the stroke, reaching the value (2b + a), the punch 2 is fixed, and the further pressing of the workpiece is carried out by the punch 8 at the stroke value (2b + a), after which it is fixed. The ejection of the workpiece from the channel of the punch 6 is carried out by the punch 3.

The pressing scheme with three centers of deformation is as follows. The receiving channel is the hole 10 for the punch 2. The intersecting channels of the configuration necessary for this pressing scheme are formed when the punches 3, 4 and 9 enter the matrix at a distance of (b), the punches 6 and 7 at a distance of (2b + a). When the punch 2 enters the matrix at a distance (a), it is fixed. The metal of the workpiece fills the channel of the matrix until it stops in the punch 4, then the pressing continues with the punch 9 at the stroke (a + b), at the end of which the punch 9 is fixed. The next stage of pressing occurs due to the movement of the punch 3 by the stroke (a + b), at the same time the punch 6 makes a return stroke at the same distance, creating a back pressure. The position of the punch 6 is fixed when it enters the matrix at a distance (b). The further direction of movement of the workpiece is possible only in the direction of the hole 13 under the punch 5. In total, the workpiece passes through three centers of deformation, changing the direction of flow three times, thereby accumulating deformation due to a three-fold shift.

Pressing with four foci of deformation is performed as follows. The receiving channel is the hole 10 for the punch 2, the output channel is the hole 15 for the punch 7. The channel is formed when the punches 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 enter the matrix at a distance of (b), punch 7 - at a distance of (2b + a). After entering into the matrix of the punch 2 at a distance of (b), it is fixed and pressing continues with the punch 9 at the stroke (a + b) with its fixation at the end of the stroke. Then the punches 7 and 8 reverse the distance (a + b), the punch 2 passes the distance (a + b) to close the channel. Next, the pressing continues with the punch 5 during the course of (a + b), then the punch 2 is pushed into the hole 15 under the punch 7, which is the output channel for this pressing scheme.

Introduction to the design of the matrix 1 of the additional channel 34, made at different angles to the mating channels, can actually double the number of possible patterns of pressing the workpiece on different routes, implemented without removing it from the matrix after the next pass.

If necessary, the claimed device can be implemented by pressing routing, representing any combination of the above options.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that when implementing the invention, the task - expanding the technological capabilities of the channel angular pressing device - is solved, and the claimed technical result is the variability of the pressing schemes and routing in one device for the number of passes of the workpiece through the matrix required to accumulate a given deformation without extraction of the workpiece from the matrix after the next pass is achieved. The design of the matrix is kept very simple. Moreover, in all pressing schemes, backpressure can be used, eliminating the possibility of distortion of the front end of the workpiece, since when it exits the matrix, it abuts against one of the punches creating counter-pressure, and is flat, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pressed workpiece. The rear end of the pressed billet also remains flat perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, because at different stages of the process of equal-channel angular pressing, different punches are involved with the indispensable fulfillment of the condition that the directions of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece and the pressing punch coincide.

The analysis of the claimed technical solution for compliance with the conditions of patentability showed that the characteristics indicated in the formula are essential and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of necessary characteristics, unknown at the priority date from the prior art and sufficient to obtain the required synergistic (super-total) technical result.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed technical solution:

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, in its implementation is intended to implement the process of pressure treatment of metals and alloys;

- for the claimed object in the form described in the formula, the possibility of its implementation using the methods and methods described above or known from the prior art on the priority date is confirmed;

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, when implemented, is able to ensure the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant.

Therefore, the claimed object meets the criteria of patentability “novelty”, “prior art” and “industrial applicability” under applicable law.

Claims (2)

1. Device for channel angular pressing, containing punches and a matrix with n intersecting rectilinear channels, characterized in that each channel is made with two inlets intended for introducing punches, and is intersected by two other channels with the formation of all channels of the polygon from n≥3 sides and with rays emanating from the vertices of the polygon in the number of punches p = 2n. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one additional punch and one additional channel made with one inlet intended for introducing an additional punch, and another hole conjugated with two intersecting channels at the top of the polygon.

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