RU2570015C1 - Staroverov's shaped charge - 10 - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: shaped charge consists of the explosive charge with conical recess and, possibly, with the recess inner lining. Note here that said explosive contains the substance releasing the hydrogen from gases at explosion. The explosive composition includes beryllium borane and beryllium hydride. Ammonium nitrate, ammonium dinitroamide, boron nitrate, beryllium nitrate or nitrogen pentoxide are used as the oxidizer.

EFFECT: four-fold increase in jet stream velocity, hence, higher armour piercing capacity.

6 cl

Description

The invention relates to cumulative ammunition.

Known cumulative charge containing a piece of explosive (hereinafter BB) with a conical recess covered with a lining, the thickness of which in the socket is less than at the top of the cone, see my pat. RF № 2470253. The effect of cumulative charges is based on the principle of omnidirectional collision of gas pressure fronts or lining carried by them, and the formation of a traveling region of increased pressure forming a cumulative jet at the collision front. It is clear that the greater the initial velocity of the fronts or cladding, the greater the speed of the jet. The types of explosives currently used cannot give a speed of more than 2400 m / s.

Among the experts in blasting, there is a belief that the speed of a shock wave and the speed of expansion of fragments depend mainly on the explosive charge density. This is actually not the case. To consider this pattern, we take into account that the detonation velocity is much higher than the speed of sound in the explosive gases formed, and to a first approximation, we assume that the explosive charge turns into gas instantly (this is very close to reality). That is, speaking of the dependence of the speed of the blast wave on the explosive charge density, one must understand this statement correctly. Namely, taking into account the assumption made about the instantness of the explosion, we will not have an explosive charge of a certain density, but exactly the same volume of hot gas of exactly the same density. And that all changes. Suppose a specified volume of gas expands with an average molecular weight of about 30 (conventional explosive gases) - then the speed of sound in this gas will be about 2400 m / s. Now suppose that the same volume of gas with a molecular weight of about 2.2 expands (this is hydrogen contaminated with secondary reaction products). Then the speed of its expansion will be more than 10,000 m / s. The difference is 4 times.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to increase the speed of the cumulative jet up to 4 times and, accordingly, increase armor penetration by several times (energy is proportional to the square of the speed).

To do this, this cumulative charge containing an explosive block with a conical recess and possibly with an inner lining contains an explosive that releases only hydrogen during the explosion reaction from gases (several such substances were invented by me, see, for example, Patent No. RF 2461790) . The speed of sound in hydrogen is about 4 times greater than in gases generated during the explosion of currently used explosives, and therefore the speed of pressure fronts in gas cumulative charges or the speed of the cladding in charges with the cladding will be correspondingly higher. However, the dependence of armor penetration will be less pronounced than the expected quadratic, since the density of hydrogen is much lower than the density of conventional explosive gases. Therefore, the expected increase in armor penetration of charges with and without cladding will be approximately 3-4 times.

The design and other features of the cumulative charges with hydrogen-emitting explosives are no different from ordinary charges.

EXAMPLES The charge contains explosives of the following composition:

The ratio of components: beryllium borohydride 27.48% + - 10%, ammonium nitrate 56.85% + - 15%, beryllium hydride 15.67% + - 5% (hereinafter,% by weight).

Charges with other compounds are possible:

The ratio of components: beryllium borohydride - 34.63% + - 10%, ammonium dinitramide 55.50% + - 15%, beryllium hydride 9.87% + - 5.

In sealed explosive devices (and they are mainly such), sublimated nitrogen pentoxide or a recently discovered compound, nitrogen hexoxide, can be used:

The ratio of components: beryllium borohydride - 20.28% + - 10%, nitrogen pentoxide - 56.60% + - 15%, beryllium hydride - 23.12% + - 5%.

A convenient oxidizing agent is boron nitrate, since it contains a boron atom, which can be used to react with nitrogen:

The ratio of components: beryllium borohydride - 37.1% + - 15%, boron nitrate 62.9% + - 20%

Possible reaction of beryllium borohydride and beryllium hydride with beryllium nitrate:

The ratio of components: beryllium borohydride - 17.93% + - 15%, beryllium nitrate - 61.63% + - 20%, beryllium hydride - 20.44% + - 10%.

Combinations of these reactions are possible, that is, these compounds.

It should be noted that it is in cumulative charges that the quality of an explosive cannot be replaced by its quantity (otherwise the jet velocity will drop), therefore, only compounds of beryllium borohydride and beryllium hydride should be used, since they give the highest reaction energy. Lithium aluminum borohydride will give a slightly lower speed, but it is non-toxic and 10 times cheaper.

Claims (6)

1. Cumulative charge, consisting of a bomb explosive with a conical recess and, possibly, with the inner lining of the recess, characterized in that the explosive contains explosive that releases hydrogen from gases in an explosion. 2. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has the following composition: beryllium borohydride 27.48 ± 10%, ammonium nitrate 56.85 ± 15%, beryllium hydride 15.67 ± 5%. 3. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has the following composition: beryllium borohydride 34.63 ± 10%, ammonium dinitramide 55.50 ± 15%, beryllium hydride 9.87 ± 5%. 4. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has the following composition: beryllium borohydride 20.28 ± 10%, nitrogen pentoxide 56.60 ± 15%, beryllium hydride 23.12 ± 5%. 5. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has the following composition: beryllium borohydride 37.1 ± 15%, boron nitrate 62.9 ± 20%. 6. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has the following composition: beryllium borohydride 17.93 ± 15%, beryllium nitrate 61.63 ± 20%, beryllium hydride 20.44 ± 10%.