RU2568905C1 - Method for biological prevention of radiation disease - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: 30-35 days before an exposure to lethal ionising radiation doses, rats are exposed to preventive gamma-ray irradiation one time in a dose of 0.75-1.5 Gy. During 5-10 days before the exposure to lethal ionising radiation doses, a biological preparation of Siberian fir green extract is administered with water or feed in a dose of 8.0-10.0 ml/kg.

EFFECT: method provides the effective prevention of radiation disease and the higher survival rate in laboratory animals by developing improved radiation resistance.

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Description

The invention relates to radiation biology, in particular to means for protecting animals from radiation damage.

The method can be used in veterinary and medical practice, civil defense services and emergency situations.

Known methods for the prevention of radiation sickness [1, 2] do not have a long radioprotective effect.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a more effective way to increase the radioresistance of the animal organism.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that once in 30-35 days before irradiation of rats with lethal doses of ionizing radiation, prophylactic irradiation with gamma rays at a dose of 0.75-1.5 Gy is carried out, and for 5-10 days before irradiation with lethal doses of ionizing Radiation as a biological preparation is introduced an extract of green Siberian fir with water or feed at a dose of 8.0-10.0 ml / kg.

Active principles in the proposed method is the energy of γ-radiation and an extract of green Siberian fir, containing plant polyphenols, phytoncides, a complex of trace elements and vitamins.

Prevention of acute radiation sickness is carried out using γ-radiation in small doses in the range from 0.75-1.5 Gray (Gy) and the introduction of a concentrated extract of green Siberian fir with water or feed in a volume of 8.0-10.0 ml / kg . Radioresistance of animals occurs in 30-35 days after preliminary treatment with γ-radiation in small doses and the sequential administration of an extract of green Siberian fir for 5-10 days before γ-radiation in doses that cause a severe degree of radiation pathology.

The injected volumes of the study drug were justified experimentally in rats by their radioprotective effect (Table 1).

As follows from table 1, the survival rate of animals was 40-50% with the introduction of the studied radioprotective drug in a volume of from 6.0 to 12.0 ml / kg This served as the basis for the development of a method for the prevention of radiation sickness was taken the volume of extract of Siberian fir 8.0-10.0 ml / kg

A test of the radioprotective effect of the method was carried out under experimental conditions on white outbred rats irradiated in a dose causing a severe degree of acute radiation sickness.

Example 1. The study of the radioprotective effect of the proposed method

The experiment used white outbred rats - males, with a body weight of 170-180 g to the beginning of the experiment. The experimental animals were divided into groups (table 2). Biological control is the first; exposure control - the second; control of preliminary irradiation in small doses without the use of a phytopreparation (Siberian fir green extract) - the third; phytopreparation control - fourth; the fifth, sixth and seventh are experimental (0.75 Gy + phytopreparation; 1.0 Gy + phytopreparation and 1.5 Gy + phytopreparation, respectively).

The studies were carried out in triplicate. The content and feeding of rats of all experimental groups was the same.

Irradiation conditions. Rats were exposed to γ-radiation on an Agat-S apparatus with a dose rate of 0.6 Gy / min and a radiation source of ⁶⁰ Co. The unevenness of the γ-field did not exceed ± 10%. Irradiation was carried out in a plywood box closed with a perforated lid.

The implementation of the method. 30-35 days before exposure to a lethal dose of ionizing radiation, animals received small doses of 0.75-1.5 Gy, and 5-10 days before exposure to a lethal dose, rats were injected with an aqueous extract of green Siberian fir with food in a volume of 8.0 -10 ml / kg.

Research results. The animals of the first group (biological control) looked clinically healthy throughout the entire study period, retained their appetite and adequate response to external stimuli. There were no animal deaths in the biological control group.

In the second group of rats (radiation control), after exposure to radiation in a lethal dose, the number of leukocytes in the blood decreased sharply. On the third or fifth day, there were an average of 0.7-0.9 · 10 ⁹ liters. In most animals, diarrhea developed on the sixth to seventh day, and pronounced signs of hemorrhagic syndrome appeared, as evidenced by the presence of brown crusts from gore, framing the eyes and nasal openings. The death of rats began from 8 days after irradiation and amounted to 80-85%. Moreover, their average life expectancy was 12 days. Postmortem autopsy of animals killed by radiation diagnosed severe radiation sickness.

In animals previously irradiated in a dose range of 0.75-1.5 Gy without the use of Siberian fir extract, on the fifth day after exposure to radiation in a lethal dose, the number of leukocytes decreased to 1.2-1.4 · 10 ⁹ L. Diarrhea and hemorrhagic syndrome were manifested in isolated cases. The death of animals of this group was noted from 13 days with an average life expectancy of 15-16 days.

Animals of the fourth group, receiving only a phytopreparation (Siberian fir green extract) for 7-10 days, and then irradiated in a lethal dose, had different hematological parameters. So, the number of leukocytes on the fourth day after irradiation averaged 2.9-3.1 · 10 ⁹ L, which was significantly higher compared to rats control radiation and the third group. Cases of diarrhea and signs of hemorrhagic syndrome were isolated.

External total single irradiation of rats with a lethal dose was accompanied by suppression of the antioxidant defense of the body, as evidenced by a decrease in glutathione reductase and an increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde in rat liver. Daily, for seven to ten days before irradiation, the administration of 8.0-10 ml / kg of rats of the studied herbal preparation with food and water to rats provided a reliable correction of antioxidant defense indices, which was manifested by an increase in glutathione reductase activity and a decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde.

In rats of the experimental groups, after the application of this method (preliminary irradiation in small doses + Siberian fir extract), the clinical manifestations of radiation sickness were moderate and mild. The animals looked neat, the reaction to external stimuli was adequate, they willingly ate food. Diarrhea was observed in isolated cases and was short-lived. The leukocyte count on the fifth day after lethal exposure was in the range of 3.5-3.7-10 liters. Pathological autopsy of a small number of dead animals indicated minor changes in organs and tissues compared to those of the second group (radiation control). Life expectancy of dead animals averaged 19-21 days. The survival results of experimental rats are presented in table 2.

The results presented in table 2 show that a higher percentage of animal survival was in the fifth, sixth and seventh groups of animals, which were first irradiated in low doses, and then a few days before lethal exposure received an extract of green Siberian fir.

Thus, the results of studies on white non-linear rats indicate that the effect of the radioprotective effect of the proposed method, including the energy of ionizing radiation in low doses (0.75-1.5 Gy) and the subsequent daily (5-10 days) administration of fir green extract Siberian in the amount of 8.0-10.0 ml / kg, manifests itself 35-45 days before lethal exposure.

The research results allow us to draw the following conclusions:

1. The method of biological prevention of radiation sickness forms a state of increased radioresistance for 35-45 or more days to the effects of ionizing radiation in a lethal dose and ensures the survival of 60-80% of white rats.

2. The proposed method allows group processing of animals.

The technical and economic efficiency of the present invention lies in the fact that for the first time a method is proposed that allows to increase the effectiveness of measures for the mass protection of animals from exposure to ionizing radiation. The proposed method contributes to the formation of increased radioresistance for a long time and ensures the survival of 60-80% of animals irradiated in doses that cause a severe degree of acute radiation sickness.

The advantage of the invention is that the proposed method is safe, there are no signs of toxic effects, it does not cause changes in the hematopoiesis and digestion systems. The method has a prolonged radioprotective effect and allows for mass processing of animals.

Using the proposed method will increase the range of activities of civil defense and emergency services for group protection of animals from exposure to ionizing radiation in emergency situations.

Information sources

1. Pat. RF invention №2342099. A method for the prevention of acute radiation sickness in laboratory animals / V.Yu. Safonova, V.A. Safonova, A.P. Zhukov; Announced on 09/03/07; Publ. 12/21/08. Bull. No. 36, - 5 s.

2. Tuech J.J. et al. Prevention of radiation enteritis by intrapelvic breast prosthesis // Eur J. Surg Oncol. 2004 Oct; 30 (8): 900-4, abstract.

Claims (1)

The method of biological prevention of radiation sickness, including the introduction of a biological preparation, characterized in that once 30-35 days before irradiation of rats with lethal doses of ionizing radiation, prophylactic irradiation with gamma rays at a dose of 0.75-1.5 Gy, and for 5- 10 days prior to irradiation with lethal doses of ionizing radiation, an aqueous extract of Siberian fir greens with water or feed at a dose of 8.0-10.0 ml / kg is administered as a biological preparation.