RU2568754C2 - Grain grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for grinding grain and other bulk materials in the agricultural and combined feed industry. In the grinding chamber (1) of the grinder there is a rotor (2) with hammers (3), a sieve (6), a lower (4) and an upper (5) decks. At the boundaries of the sieve with the decks of the grinding chamber the scarifiers (8) are mounted.

EFFECT: invention improves the conditions of impact force on raw material.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for crushing grain and other bulk materials and can be used in agriculture, as well as in the feed industry.

A device for grinding concentrated feed [1], including a hopper, a grinding chamber, a loading window, a rotor with working bodies, an unloading window, a pipeline, a separation chamber, a return channel and an unloading channel, is known. Unfinished large fractions of the feed through the return channel, separating in the separation chamber, are again fed into the grinding chamber.

A disadvantage of the known design is that it does not take into account the separation of the crushed material into fractions in the grinding chamber. Moreover, if in the grinding chamber the underfinished (large) feed fractions are located on the periphery of the circular movement of the feed, then in the separation chamber, the ground “light” feed fractions change places with the underfinished “large” feed fractions. The crushed "light" feed fractions are higher than the under-chopped "large" feed fractions. As a result, a clear distinction is made between under-ground and ground feed fractions, which makes it difficult to separate them both for selection as finished products and for re-grinding.

Known grain crusher, selected as a prototype [2], containing a crushing chamber with a rotor placed in it, on which hammers are pivotally mounted. In the radial (peripheral) walls of the crushing chamber in diametrically opposite directions, a window for loading the source material into the crushing chamber and a window for unloading the finished product are made. The lower and upper decks are attached to the same walls of the chamber, on one side of which a sieve is located, on the other - a window for loading the source material into the crushing chamber.

A disadvantage of the known design is the formation of a relatively uniform and layered, in cross section, air-product layer (IPN), making a circular motion inside the crushing chamber. The IPN stratification is a structure, on the periphery of which for the most part there are large fragmented and non-fragmented grains, and on the opposite part of the layer, which is closer to the center of rotation, are crushed and regrind grains. This is due to the separation of particles in the layer of crushed material under the action of centrifugal forces. Large particles are located mainly on the periphery of the circular movement of the feed (on the surface of the sieves and decks), and small ones are located on the inner surface of the layer (in the area of the hammers), with this, fine fractions of the feed are regrind. Large fractions of the feed block the output of the crushed feed through a sieve and consume energy for the circular rotation of the IPN.

The objective of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and improve the conditions of the impact of the working bodies of the crusher - hammers on the source material.

Figure 1 shows a grain crusher with baking powder installed in the crushing chamber.

Figure 2 shows the design of the baking powder.

The grain crusher (Fig. 1) contains a crushing chamber 1 with a rotor 2 located in it, on which hammers 3 are pivotally fixed. The lower 4 and upper 5 decks are fastened to the chamber walls, the sides of which are connected to the sieve 6 on one side and to the sieve on the other a loading window 7 of the source material into the crushing chamber. Inside the crushing chamber, according to the invention, at the boundaries between the sieve and the decks are installed baking powder 8 (figure 2), which change the separation of the IPN.

The proposed change in the design of the crushing chamber by installing in it the same design baking powder 8 changes the separation (stratification) of the UPU. So the source material enters the crushing chamber through the loading window 7 and is carried away in a circular rotation under the action of centrifugal forces. The baking powder 8, installed in front of the sieve 6 (along the circular movement of the IPN), creates a “turbulence” in front of the sieve, which changes the structure of the formed IPN and thereby helps large particles to fall more under the blows of hammers 3, and small particles to sift through the sieve 6. The baking powder 8, installed after the sieve 6 (along the circular movement of the UPU), also creates a “turbulence”, which prevents the separation (stratification) of the UPU and thereby reduces the grinding of a certain fraction of small feed particles on the upper deck 4 crushing th chamber and "moves" in the radial direction, large feed particles from the periphery of the IPS in the zone of impact of hammers 3.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that inside the crushing chamber, according to the invention, disintegrants are installed on the boundaries between the sieve and decks, which affect the structure of the IPN. As a result, there is a change in the separation of IPNs: large particles are more likely to be hit by hammers, and small particles are sifted through the sieve and are not rubbed.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Grain crusher / B.E. Hrapach, I.V. Kulakovsky, F.S. Kirpichnikov S.P. Krivitsky and V.G. Zatsepin // A.s. USSR No. 1507442 A1, cl. B02C 13/00, 1989

2. Grain crusher / Е.М. Burlutsky, V.D. Pavlidis, M.V. Chkalova // Patent RU 2407591 C1, IPC В02С 13/00 (2006.01)

3. Melnikov, S.V. Mechanization and automation of livestock farms: textbook. allowance for universities. - L .: Kolos, 1978.- 560 p.

Claims (1)

A grain crusher containing a chamber with a rotor with hammers, lower and upper decks placed in it, a sieve, characterized in that at the boundaries of the sieve with the lower and upper decks of the crushing chamber, baking powder is installed.

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