RU2567197C1 - Jaw crusher with fault protection and automatic high-hardness material feed through crushing chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in mining, dressing, construction, metallurgy, etc. Claimed crusher comprises fixe jaw (1) and moving jaw (2). Length of con rod (3) is varied stepwise by retainers at overload one and one half time to prevent the ingress of non-crushed material. Spacing between retainers in con rod bar (7) in its axis equals the double eccentricity of crank (6). Springs and balls to actuate said retainers are located in conical bores of said con rod. Drum (13) includes different-length thrusts (a, b, c, d, e) to define the position of moving web at con-rod return to rear position. Length of adjacent thrusts differs by the amount of double eccentricity of the crank. Drum drive (12) is engaged with crankshaft via ratchet mechanism. The latter is mounted at the drum end. Ratchet every stroke displaces the drum thrust to set it opposite the moving jaw rear side. Ratchet mechanism pawl (15) is coupled with electromagnet (16) for fitting to the working position and with spring (17) for return to initial position.

EFFECT: protection against collapse, automatic withdrawal of non-crushed hard material from the working chamber.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering and can be used in mining, mining, construction, metallurgical and other industries.

Black jaw crusher is known [1, p. 21 scheme 1.1.1; from. 22 pic. 2.2.], In which spacer plates are used as safety elements, which break when high-strength materials enter the crushing chamber.

The disadvantages of such a device: technological downtime associated with the removal of broken boards and replacing them with new ones; difficult working conditions when unloading the crushing chamber from the material and installing new plates at the place of operation of the crusher.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is the protection of the mechanism with a change in the length of the connecting rod at high load, used in the Krupp impact mill. In the design of the connecting rod of this crusher, a spring is provided, which is compressed when it gets into the camera of crushed objects and allows you to turn off the crusher after several compression cycles [1, p. 48-49].

The disadvantage of this design is the need to manually remove an indestructible item, which requires time and partial disassembly of the crusher.

The objective of the invention is to provide a mechanism for protecting the crusher from excessive overloads and automatic extraction of non-crushed items from the working chamber.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the crusher containing the fixed and movable cheeks, the connecting rod, the latter has the ability to change its length one and a half times higher than the nominal one due to the clamps located in the connecting rod rod along its axis, installed at a distance and from each other equal to the doubled eccentricity of the crank, the operation of the clamps is determined by the spring and balls located in the conical bores of the connecting rod body, a drum is mounted on the rear side of the movable cheek, bearing supports that define the position of the movable cheek when the connecting rod moves to the rear position, located on its cylindrical surface and having different lengths, the length of the adjacent stops differing by the value of the doubled eccentricity of the crank, the drum drive is connected to the crank shaft of the crusher through a ratchet mechanism mounted on the end of the drum so that each step of the ratchet mechanism moves one stop on the drum, setting it against the rear side of the movable cheek of the crusher, and the ratchet dog is connected to the electromagnet the volume to install it in the working position and the spring to bring it out of the working position, with a connecting rod in the drive, it is performed with the ability to change its length step by step under a load exceeding the nominal (crushing force) by 1.5 times, both in the direction of decreasing it, and upward. The length was changed in increments equal to twice the eccentricity of the crank shaft, which drives the connecting rod. At the boundary of each step, the length of the connecting rod is held by special clamps, and you can change it only by applying force along the connecting rod with a value equal to 1.5 times the nominal.

If an impregnable material enters the chamber during the crank stroke, the limit switch mounted on the connecting rod sends a signal to the electrical circuit, closes the feeder, stops feeding the material to the crusher, at the same time there is an excessive load causing a change in the length of the connecting rod (shortening) by twice the crank eccentricity . At a subsequent idle, a shortened connecting rod opens the crushing chamber by the value of the shortening of the connecting rod, which allows the crushed material to lower towards the exit from the crushing chamber.

This process of changing the length of the connecting rod and advancing the non-crushed material to the exit from the chamber continues until the movable cheek occupies the extreme position (shown by the dotted line) and the exit slit opens so that the non-crushed piece leaves the crushing chamber.

After that, emphasis is brought up from the back of the movable cheek of the crusher, which limits its withdrawal, as well as the return of the shortened connecting rod to its original position. The crank when pulling the connecting rod back creates the necessary force and lengthens it by the amount of doubled eccentricity. The next turn of the crank to the movable cheek of the crusher brings another stop, the length of which is longer than the previous one by the amount of doubled eccentricity of the crank. The connecting rod is again lengthening. This process is repeated until the connecting rod reaches the working length. The limit switch gives a signal, stops the supply of stops to the back of the movable cheek, opens the feeder, resumes the flow of material into the crushing chamber. The crusher starts recycling material again. The solution to the problem is achieved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism for protecting a jaw crusher from breaking when high strength material enters the crushing chamber and automatically passes the crushed material through the crushing chamber; FIG. 2 - device connecting rod, stepwise changing its length under a load exceeding the nominal 1.5 times; FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section AA of the connecting rod of FIG. 2.

A device for protecting the crusher from overload and automatic passage of crushed material through the crushing chamber contains a fixed cheek 1 (Fig. 1), a movable cheek 2, which acts as a retractable wall for passing a crushed object through the crushing chamber, a connecting rod 3 with the possibility of stepwise change of its length as in to the side of decreasing length, and to the side of increasing, the connecting rod head 4 connected to the movable cheek 2 (Fig. 2), the connecting rod head 5 mounted on the crank 6, the connecting rod rod 7, with the possibility of sliding in casing 8 of the connecting rod (Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), clamps 9, balls 10 of the clamps, spring 11 of the clamps (Fig. 3), drive 12, rotary drum 13 with stops a, b, c, d, d , a ratchet wheel 14 mounted on the rotary drum 13, the dog 15, the electromagnet 16 with the function of turning the dog on in the working position, a spring 17 that can bring the dog 15 out of the working position when the electromagnet 16 is turned off (Fig. 1).

A device for protecting the mechanism of the jaw crusher from breakage when high-strength material enters the crushing chamber and automatically passes the crushed material through the crushing chamber as follows.

If high-strength material (non-crushed material) gets into the crushing chamber during the connecting stroke of the connecting rod 3 (Fig. 1), it is not able to move the movable cheek 2, supported by the non-crushed material, and under the action of the crank 6 is under increasing load. When it reaches 1.5 times the nominal value, the rod 7 of the connecting rod (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) will begin to move in the longitudinal direction in the connecting rod body 8 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), the balls 10 of the clips 9 (Fig. 2) they will compress the springs 11 of the clamps 9 and the connecting rod during the stroke will be shortened by twice the eccentricity e (Fig. 2) of the crank shaft 6 (Fig. 2).

At the subsequent reverse (idle) stroke of the connecting rod, having a shortened length, it pushes the movable cheek 2 (Fig. 1), opening the crushing chamber by the size of the double eccentricity e of the crank 6 (Fig. 2), allowing the piece of non-crushed material to descend to the exit of the chamber crushing by a certain amount.

This process of changing the length of the connecting rod 3 (Fig. 3) and advancing the crushed material to the exit from the crushing chamber continues with each rotation of the crank 6 (Fig. 1), until the exit slit opens so that the crushed material leaves the crushing chamber. This position is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 1. The movable cheek 2 (Fig. 1) rests at this time on the rotary drum 13 (Fig. 1), and the connecting rod receives the minimum length, while using a limit switch mounted on the connecting rod (not shown in the diagram), it feeds the current in the electromagnet 16 (Fig. 1), which, overcoming the resistance of the spring 17 (Fig. 1), brings the dog 16 into operation (Fig. 1).

During the working stroke (the connecting rod moves towards the crushing chamber), the crank 6 (Fig. 1) through the dog 16 (Fig. 1) and the ratchet wheel 14 (Fig. 1) rotates the rotary drum 13 (Fig. 1) and sets the stop a ( Fig. 1) against the back of the movable cheek 2 (Fig. 1).

When the crank idle, the cheek 2 (Fig. 1) abuts against the stop (Fig. 1), and the crank 6 (Fig. 1) moves the rod 7 of the connecting rod 3 (Fig. 1) by one step (2e in Fig. 3), lengthening the connecting rod.

During the next turn of the crank, the ratchet mechanism sets a longer stop 6 (Fig. 1) against the movable cheek 2 (Fig. 1). The connecting rod is extended by another 2e (Fig. 3). This process is repeated until the connecting rod reaches its working length. At the time of reaching the maximum length of the connecting rod, the limit switch sends a signal to the electrical circuit, turns off the electromagnet 16 (Fig. 1), opens the feeder, resumes the flow of material into the crushing chamber. The crusher starts recycling material again.

Claims (1)

A jaw crusher with protection against breakdowns and automatic passage of high-strength material through the crushing chamber, containing a fixed and movable cheek, a connecting rod that changes its length when overloaded from getting into the crushing chamber of non-crushed material, characterized in that the connecting rod length is changed step by step when the load is exceeded above nominal one and a half times due to the clamps located in the connecting rod rod along its axis, installed at a distance from each other equal to twice the eccentricity of the crank, srab The fixing of the clamps is carried out by a spring and balls located in the conical bores of the connecting rod body, a drum is mounted on the rear side of the movable cheek, which carries stops that determine the position of the movable cheek when the connecting rod moves to the rear position, located on its cylindrical surface and having different lengths, the length of adjacent stops differs by the value of the doubled eccentricity of the crank, the drum drive is connected to the crank shaft of the crusher through a ratchet mechanism mounted on the end of the drum in such a way, then each step of the ratchet mechanism moves one stop on the drum, setting it against the rear side of the movable cheek of the crusher, and the ratchet dog is connected to an electromagnet to set it to its working position and a spring to bring it out of its working position.

Images