RU2564511C1 - Magnetoelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: magnetoelectric generator comprises a stator, including two parallel plates, between which there are two rows of circular windings made in the form of isosceles trapezoids. At the same time sides of both rows are in the same plane, and sections of circular windings in bases of trapezoids are bent by arc. The generator rotor is made of two parallel discs, on every of which on surfaces facing each other are ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets, polarity of which alternates in each row. Poles of permanent magnets of one row face the opposite poles of permanent magnets of the other row. The distance between sections of circular windings in bases of trapezoids exceeds the width of the ring-shaped row of permanent magnets. Adjacent sides of circular windings of one row are placed between sides of circular windings of the other row.

EFFECT: possibility to generate a three-phase electric current.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely to low-speed electric generators, and can be used, in particular, in wind energy installations.

и s=12·n·m, где n и m - натуральные числа, причем машина рассчитана на трехфазное напряжение с последовательным соединением соседних катушек для получения m таких групп на фазу, которые могут быть соединены последовательно или параллельно, RU 2234788 C2, опубл. 20.08.2004.Known low-speed magnetoelectric generator containing an annular row of stator windings on iron cores of sheets or pressed iron powder, and a corresponding annular row of permanent rotor magnets, in particular a synchronous machine with constant magnetization for sinusoidal voltage, the windings are concentrated and not distributed in grooves, the cores with windings alternate with iron cores without windings, so that on every second iron core there is a winding, the number of creeks between the cores differs from the number of poles, while the number of gaps between the cores s and the number of poles p follows the expressions $$\left|\text{s}-\text{p}\right|=\text{2}\cdot \text{m}$$

and s = 12 · n · m, where n and m are natural numbers, and the machine is designed for three-phase voltage with a series connection of adjacent coils to obtain m such groups per phase that can be connected in series or in parallel, RU 2234788 C2, publ. 08/20/2004.

The disadvantage of this generator is the low efficiency (efficiency), since the windings in the annular row are at a considerable distance from each other, and at the time the magnets are in the gap between the windings, the EMF is not induced.

A magnetoelectric generator is also known, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates in the form of disks connected to each other, between which windings are placed; the stator has magnetic cores in the form of flat rings, RU 2168062 C1, publ. 05/27/2001.

This technical solution has the same drawback as the analogue described above (RU 2234788 C2): low efficiency for the same reason. In addition, when the permanent rotor magnets pass over the stator winding cores, there is a mutual attraction between the permanent rotor magnets and the stator winding cores (the so-called “sticking” effect of the rotor), which makes it difficult to start the generator and creates intense noise during its operation.

A certain increase in the generator efficiency, elimination of the effect of “sticking” of the rotor and, as a result, a decrease in starting torque and noise level during operation is ensured by a magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which ring windings are placed in two rows made in the form of isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the sections of the ring windings in the bases of the trapezoid are curved in an arc, and this curved in an arc sections of the rows of windings are facing in opposite directions; the rotor is made of two parallel disks mounted on the shaft, on each of which ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets are placed on surfaces facing each other, the polarity of the permanent magnets of each row is alternated, while the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, ring the windings are inserted into each other in pairs, while the distance l between the sections of the annular windings in the trapezoid bases exceeds the width b of the annular row of permanent magnets, RU 2427067 C1, publ. 08/20/2011.

This device is adopted as a prototype of the present invention. This generator generates a two-phase electric current and can be used to power single-phase equipment.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that it cannot be used to power three-phase consumers, as well as for connecting to central (three-phase) electrical networks.

An object of the present invention is to enable generation of a three-phase electric current.

According to the invention, in a magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is provided with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which are placed two rows of ring windings made in the form of isosceles trapeziums, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, the sides of both rows lie in the same plane, and the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid are curved along the arc, while the sections of the windings of the rows curved along the arc are facing opposite On the right side, the rotor is made of two parallel disks mounted on the shaft, on each of which ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets are placed on surfaces facing each other, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row is alternated, while the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of another row, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings in the bases of the trapezoid exceeds the width b of the annular row of permanent magnets, the adjacent sides of the annular windings about a power series are placed between the sides of the annular windings in the other row.

The applicant has not identified any technical solutions identical to the claimed one, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the condition of patentability “Novelty”.

The implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention leads to an important new property (technical result): the possibility of generating a three-phase electric current.

The applicant has not identified sources of information that would contain information about the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result. The specified new property determines, according to the applicant, the invention meets the patentability condition "Inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a side view;

in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 - windings of rows conjugated with each other according to the present invention, in a perspective view;

in FIG. 4 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of ring windings and permanent magnets, as well as the direction of currents in the windings (in plan);

in FIG. 7 is a section GG in FIG. 6.

The rotor of the magnetoelectric generator is made of two parallel disks 1 and 2, mounted on the shaft 11, made of electrical steel. On the surfaces of the disks 1 and 2 facing each other, ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets 3 and 4 are made in the form of trapeziums, respectively. In each annular row, the magnets are conjugated to each other by side faces with a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm. The polarity of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 in each row alternates, while the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series. The stator of the magnetoelectric generator contains two parallel plates 5 and 6, between which annular windings 7 and 8 are arranged in two rows, respectively. The sections of the ring windings 7, 8 at the bases of the trapezoid are curved in an arc and turned in opposite directions. The distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is greater than the width b of the annular row of permanent magnets. Adjacent lateral sides 9 of the annular windings 7 of one (upper drawing) row are located between the lateral sides 10 of the annular windings 8 of the other row. Thus, the windings 7 and 8 together form a closed ring circuit (Fig. 3), while in the prototype device the windings are paired with each other in pairs with the formation of separately located modules.

The operation of the device is as follows. When the rotor rotates with the shaft 11, the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets 3, 4 intersect the turns of the ring windings 7, 8 and induce an EMF in them. Between the poles of each pair of opposed permanent magnets 3, 4 due to the fact that the adjacent sides 9 of the windings 7 are located between the sides 10 of the windings 8, there are simultaneously three sides of the annular stator windings 7, 8 that intersect the magnetic field lines with a shift 120 °. Thus, the generator generates a three-phase electric current.

A prototype device was manufactured and tested at PENTAR LLC, St. Petersburg. For the manufacture of the device used conventional structural materials and factory equipment. This circumstance, according to the applicant, allows us to conclude that this invention meets the patentability condition “Industrial Applicability”.

Claims (1)

A magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets 3, 4, and the stator contains two parallel plates 5, 6, between which are placed in two rows ring windings 7, 8, made in the form of isosceles trapezoid, the sides 9, 10 of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, with the sides of both rows lying in the same plane, and the sections of the ring windings at the bases of the trapezoid are curved in an arc, while the sections of the row windings curved in an arc are turned in opposite directions, the rotor is made of two parallel disks 1, 2 fixed to the shaft 11, on each of which on the surfaces facing each other there are ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets 3, 4, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, while the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing to the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other row, the distance l between the sections of the ring windings in the trapezoid bases exceeds the width b of the ring-shaped row of permanent magnets, characterized in that the adjacent side sides of the core windings of one row are placed between the lateral sides of the ring windings of another row.

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