RU2560529C1 - Magnetoelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: in the magnetoelectric generator a stator contains two parallel plates between which the circular windings are located. The generator armature is implemented from two parallel disks fixed on a shaft, on each of which on the surfaces facing to each other the ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets magnetized in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the armature are placed. The polarity of permanent magnets in each row alternates. The poles of permanent magnets of the same row are facing towards opposite poles of permanent magnets of another row. Between the neighboring permanent magnets of each row the additional permanent magnets are placed, each of which is magnetized in the direction of the line, perpendicular to the radiuses of disks separating additional magnets in two symmetric parts, and parallel to the planes of disks.

EFFECT: increase of power of the magnetoelectric generator.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely to low-speed electric generators, and can be used, in particular, in wind energy installations.

Known low-speed magnetoelectric generator containing an annular row of stator windings on iron cores of sheets or pressed iron powder, and a corresponding annular row of permanent rotor magnets, in particular, a synchronous machine with constant magnetization for sinusoidal voltage, the windings are concentrated and not distributed in grooves cores with windings alternate with iron cores without windings, so that on every second iron core there is a winding, the number of industrial of creeks between the cores differs from the number of poles, while the number of gaps between the cores s and the number of poles p follows the expressions | sp | = 2 · m and s = 12 · n · m, where n and m are natural numbers, and the machine is designed for three-phase voltage with a series connection of adjacent coils to obtain m such groups per phase that can be connected in series or in parallel, RU 2234788 C2, 08.20.2004.

This generator has a low efficiency (Efficiency), since the windings in the ring-shaped row are at a considerable distance from each other, and at the time the magnets are in the gap between the windings, EMF is not induced in them.

A magnetoelectric generator is also known, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates in the form of disks connected to each other, between which windings are placed; the stator has magnetic cores in the form of flat rings, RU 2168062 C2, 05.27.2001.

The device has the same drawback as the analogue described above (RU 2234788 C2): low efficiency for the same reason. In addition, when the permanent rotor magnets pass over the stator winding cores, there is a mutual attraction between the permanent rotor magnets and the stator winding cores, creating the so-called “sticking” effect of the rotor, which makes it difficult to start the generator and causes noise during its operation.

A certain increase in generator efficiency, a decrease in starting torque and noise level during operation is ensured by a magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which ring windings are made, made in the form of isosceles trapeziums, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis rotor rotation, and sections of ring windings at the bases of the trapezoid are curved in an arc; the rotor is made of two parallel disks mounted on the shaft, on each of which ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets are placed on surfaces facing each other, the polarity of the permanent magnets of each row is alternated, while the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, ring the windings are inserted into each other in pairs, while the distance C between the sections of the annular windings in the trapezoid bases exceeds the width b of the annular row of permanent magnets, RU 2427067 C1, 08.20.2011.

This generator can be used to power mainly single-phase household equipment, since it generates a two-phase electric current, and cannot be used without the use of additional means to power three-phase consumers, and, therefore, cannot be connected to central (three-phase) electric networks.

A magnetoelectric generator is known, the rotor of which is equipped with permanent magnets, and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which there are ring windings made in the form of isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the sections of the ring windings in the trapezoid bases are curved in an arc, the rotor is made of two parallel disks fixed to the shaft, on each of which, on the surfaces facing each other, annular rows of constant ma magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, RU 2494520 C2, 09/27/2013.

This technical solution is made as a prototype of the present invention.

The prototype device provides the possibility of generating a three-phase electric current, however, due to the presence of ring-shaped windings between rows of permanent magnets in the zones of interaction of neighboring magnets in each row (pos. 14 in Fig. 4), a ring circuit of part of the magnetic field lines takes place, which, as a result, practically , do not reach the ring windings and do not affect the induction of electric current in them. As a result, the generator power decreases.

An object of the present invention is to increase the power of a magnetoelectric generator.

According to the invention, in a magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is made of two parallel disks mounted on a shaft, on each of which ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets magnetized in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor are placed on surfaces facing each other, the polarity of the permanent magnets alternates in each row, the poles of the permanent magnets of one row are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other row, and the stator of the generator contains two parallel plates, waiting for the ring windings to be placed, between the permanent permanent magnets of each row there are additional permanent magnets, each of which is magnetized in the direction of the line perpendicular to the radii of the disks, dividing the additional magnets into two symmetrical parts, and parallel to the planes of the disks.

The applicant has not identified any technical solutions identical to the claimed one, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the condition of patentability “Novelty”.

Owing to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention, a technical result is achieved consisting in increasing the density of the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets crossing the annular windings by preventing the ring circuit of part of these lines. As a result, the power of the generator increases significantly.

The applicant has not identified sources of information that would contain information about the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result.

These circumstances allow us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "Inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a front view;

figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;

figure 3 - fragment B in figure 2 on an enlarged scale;

figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of magnetic lines in the device of the prototype;

figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of magnetic lines in the claimed device.

The magnetoelectric generator comprises a rotor made of two parallel disks 1, 2, on each of which on the surfaces facing each other there are ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets 3 and 4, respectively. The disks 1, 2 are made of electrical steel and are mounted on the shaft 5. The magnets 3, 4 are magnetized in a direction parallel to the rotational axis 6 of the rotor. The polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates. The poles of the permanent magnets 3 are facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets 4. The stator of the generator contains two parallel plates 7, 8 made of a dielectric non-magnetic material, in particular fiberglass. Between the plates 7, 8 are placed ring windings 9. Between adjacent permanent magnets 3, 4 are placed additional permanent magnets 10, 11, respectively. Each of the additional permanent magnets is magnetized in the direction of line 12 (Fig. 3), perpendicular to the radii 13 of the rotor disks, dividing the additional magnets into two symmetrical parts; line 12 is parallel to the planes of the disks.

Magnetoelectric generator operates as follows.

When the rotor rotates with the shaft 5, the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets 3, 4 interact with the magnetic field lines of the additional permanent magnets 10, 11. As a result, the ring circuit of part of the magnetic field lines 14 of the magnets 3, 4 in the zones 15 is prevented. Thus, the density of the magnetic field lines increases lines of magnets 3, 4 crossing the annular windings 9, which provides an increase in the power of the generator (figure 5).

Made a prototype device. The comparative tests of the prototype showed an increase in generator power by 18-20%.

For the manufacture of the device used conventional structural materials and factory equipment. This circumstance, according to the applicant, allows us to conclude that this invention meets the patentability condition “Industrial Applicability”.

Claims (1)

Magnetoelectric generator, the rotor of which is made of two parallel disks 1, 2 mounted on the shaft 5, on each of which on the surfaces facing each other there are ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets 3, 4, magnetized in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor 6, the polarity of the permanent magnets 3, 4 in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing the opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other row, and the stator of the generator contains two parallel plates 7, 8, between which and placed ring windings 9, characterized in that between the adjacent permanent magnets of each row there are additional permanent magnets 10, 11, each of which is magnetized in the direction of the line 12, perpendicular to the radii 13 of the disks, dividing the additional magnets into two symmetrical parts, and parallel to the planes of the disks 12.

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