RU2564039C2 - Laying method of installation veneer sheets under parquet flooring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: introduction directly to the structure of installation sheets of constant restraints for setting manufacturing clearances allows considerable reduction of labour costs and laying time of installation sheets into a veneer base due to excluding use of temporary gaskets that are to be installed and removed for many times at different stages of laying of installation sheets. Change in the design of some part of installation sheets by milling on them of power grabs for fingers allows them to perform functions of packing for combination of several installation sheets into a transportable pack, which allows implementing a technology of packet delivery instead of separate delivery of individual sheets.

EFFECT: reducing labour costs at laying and fixation of installation sheets on solid covering into a clean veneer base with the specified manufacturing clearances and at delivery of installation sheets from the place of storage or unloading to the boundary of the parquet laying zone due to changing the corresponding technological processes.

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Description

The invention relates to construction, namely to the creation of parquet floors on a monolithic screed with a layer of plywood.

The interlayer, or finishing plywood base for parquet, is a collection of specially formatted plywood mounting sheets, in which fastening holes are made for self-tapping screws for mounting these sheets on a screed using dowels (M.Yu. Sorochkin. “Everything you wanted to know about parquet ". M.: Publishing house" Youth ", 2005, S. 56). In this case, glue is preliminarily applied to the screed, then mounting sheets are laid on it, holes are drilled and these sheets are tightly attracted to the screed with self-tapping screws.

For the prototype adopted the method according to US Pat. RF 2425198, 02.27.2011, author Kasatkin A.L., which consists in the fact that the mounting sheets are of rectangular elongated shape with an aspect ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 5. In practice, such sheets have, as a rule, dimensions of 0.5 * 1.5 m or 0.47 * 1.2 m. To attach these sheets 1 (Fig. 1) to the screed, they drill through them through holes 2 (Fig. .one).

The applied form of the installation sheet and its dimensions facilitate the transportation of installation sheets from the place of storage or unloading to the border of the parquet floor laying area and allow one person to transfer two or three such sheets at a time. In the process of laying, local transfers of assembly sheets from the place of temporary storage to the place of laying of each sheet are also performed.

The installation itself consists of two stages. The first of them is preliminary, during which the ordered distribution of assembly sheets is carried out throughout the parquet laying area with the simultaneous cutting of the extreme sheets that go beyond the border of this zone to the border itself. The second stage is final, during which the mounting sheets are fastened to the screed on glue and screws.

The layout of the assembly sheets during the first stage is performed in rows, on the prepared screed surface according to a pre-selected pattern so that the entire parquet laying area is completely covered by assembly sheets, but at the same time they are ensured that these sheets do not touch each other , nor with the boundary of the parquet flooring area. Then, to temporarily fix this position of the mounting sheets, that is, to set the technological gaps, the temporary thicknesses of plywood, wood, hardboard or other similar material necessary for the thickness are set, and this is done both during the preliminary and final stages of laying.

The trimming of extreme sheets to the boundary of the parquet laying zone consists in changing the shape of the sheet so that a constant gap between them is maintained along the entire length of the contact of the installation sheet with the border of the parquet laying zone.

For this, rectangular or oblique cuts are made for the entire sheet size in a straight section of the border, or piecewise-linear cuts of a sheet in a non-linear section of the border, thereby providing the most complete cover for the parquet flooring area. Cutting of mounting sheets is carried out immediately over the entire laying area of the parquet floor or that part of it, the size of which is sufficient for the full development of a portion of the factory packaging glue. After trimming is completed, an inscription is applied to each mounting sheet with the serial number of the sheet and the row in which it is located.

Next, proceed to the stage of final installation. To do this, remove all the mounting sheets and fixing gaskets in order in several initial rows, and on the screed mark the boundaries of these rows. These removed sheets, together with gaskets, are stacked in rows outside the parquet flooring area.

The adhesive prepared in advance is successively applied to the screed within the boundaries of the current row over its entire length. Then they lay all the sheets of this row on the glue in the order of their numbers, and between them, temporary fixing pads are again installed. Then, through any two mounting holes of each mounting sheet of this row, holes are drilled in the screed for installing self-tapping screws complete with dowels, with the help of which preliminary, at two points, fastening of these sheets to the screed is performed.

Thus, the final fixation of the position of all mounting sheets in the current row is performed, after which the temporary gaskets are removed. In the same way, the installation and preliminary fastening of the mounting sheets of the following rows is carried out until the glue is completely developed. Next, the final fastening of all these sheets is made along all still free mounting holes.

Then the next portion of glue is prepared and all the above operations are performed until the installation sheets fill the entire parquet flooring area.

Signs of the prototype are the manual transportation, laying and mounting of mounting sheets on a monolithic screed in a clean plywood base with predetermined technological gaps between the sheets and along the boundary of the installation of the parquet floor.

Adopted for the prototype method has such disadvantages as the high complexity and the large time required to place temporary technological gaskets that fix the position of the mounting sheets at different stages of fastening these sheets to a monolithic screed and the long delivery time of the mounting sheets from the storage or unloading place to the border of the zone laying parquet.

A long time for placing temporary technological gaskets is determined by the fact that the same sheets are laid at least twice in the same place, while the process of trimming the outer sheets to the boundary of the parquet laying area additionally requires repeated laying of these sheets. Performing each re-installation requires additional removal and installation of newly retaining gaskets.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the “laying” procedure itself involves a number of manipulations with assembly sheets, such as transferring the sheet from the place of storage at the border of the parquet zone to a certain position in the current row, as well as shifting the sheet, slightly lifting the sheet with shift, lifting the sheet for transfer to the storage location at the border of the parquet flooring area, lifting the sheet for transfer to the cutting location and vice versa, lifting, moving, orderly storage, then returning to the previous place after applying glue to the screed. Moreover, each rise leads to the need to install technological gaskets again, and at the final stage of laying, it is still necessary to monitor the timely removal of gaskets so that they do not remain glued to the screed. Such gluing can create special problems in removing the gasket, which, in turn, requires additional time.

The long delivery time for assembly sheets is determined by the fact that, immediately before carrying, these sheets are separated from the common foot by sliding, lifting and leveling into a bundle convenient for carrying, and then transferred to a vertical or horizontal position in which one person simultaneously transfers up to three sheets with a common with an area of up to about two square meters, while the entire floor area in an ordinary average apartment is 50-100 sq.m. In other words, in this case, it is necessary to make from twenty-five to fifty transfers of assembly sheets. Moreover, the named restriction of three simultaneously transferred sheets is determined not only by their weight, but also by the convenience of their retention. So, in an upright position, due to insufficient compression force of the sheets, it becomes possible to slip the inner sheets from the portable pack. This forces you to make a stop to align the pack and re-capture it.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the total time and complexity of laying plywood mounting sheets in a clean plywood base on a monolithic screed under a parquet coating by reducing the complexity and reducing the formation time of technological gaps of a plywood base, as well as by reducing the time for transporting mounting sheets from the storage location to the border parquet flooring areas.

To achieve this goal, a change is made to the technological process of laying assembly sheets, which consists in the fact that the use of temporary technological gaskets for forming technological gaps of the plywood base is excluded from it.

At the same time, changes are made to the design of the mounting sheets 1 (Fig. 1), which consists in the fact that at the end of each of the two adjacent sides of the mounting sheet, at least two permanent stoppers 3 (Fig. 2) are fixed, which in the working position do not allow closer mounting sheets with each other or with the boundary of the parquet flooring area.

These stops are made of easily destructible material, for example corks, fasten them with nails, staples, glue or in another way. The dimensions of the limiter are selected as follows: the height is not more than the thickness of the mounting sheet, the thickness is equal to the size of the required gap, and the length of the limiters is selected based on the convenience of their mounting on the end of the mounting sheet.

Then, the preliminary laying is carried out by arranging the arrangement of mounting sheets in rows so that the stops of one sheet are in contact with the side of the other sheets on which the stops are not installed, or with the boundary of the parquet laying area 4 (Fig. 3). This process is performed until there is a need to cut the next sheet, after which additional installation of permanent stops 5 of Fig. 3 is additionally performed on the newly formed end 6 of Fig. 3, as well as in other places, if necessary, then before the final laying all the sheets one row in the order of their arrangement is collected in piles, and after applying glue to the screed, the sheets are again laid out in rows in the same order as before, they are shifted to each other or to the stacking border to the stop through the constants and all attached with screws on monolithic sheets screed then removed by constant limiters their destruction.

To achieve this goal, a change is also introduced in the technological process for the delivery of installation sheets from the place of their storage or unloading to the border of the parquet floor laying area, which consists in the fact that instead of the scattered delivery of installation sheets they use their batch transportation.

Then, for the formation of transport packages, changes are made to the design of part of the mounting sheets, which allow these sheets to additionally perform for the formed package packing functions having special grippers for the fingers, while lower 7 (figure 4) and upper 8 are distinguished depending on the location of the grippers (Fig. 5) packaging sheets, between which a certain set of mounting sheets 1 is placed (Fig. 1). Packing lists are mirror images of each other.

Each force gripper is a groove milled to an incomplete sheet thickness, the dimensions and cross-sectional shape of which provide convenience and reliability of cargo retention. The number and location of the grippers on the surface of the sheet may be different, for example, along one of the long sides at a small distance from the edge there are three side grippers 9 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) for transferring the bag in a horizontal position, one of which is located in The middle of this side is designed to carry the package with one hand. The other two are located at such equal distances from the first, so that it is convenient to hold and carry the package with both hands. Fourth - transverse capture 10 (Fig.4, Fig.5) is designed to transport the package in an upright position and is located along the short side of the sheet, in its middle, at such a distance from the short side, which is slightly less than the distance from the lowered human hand to the base, on which he stands.

The assembly of assembly sheets into transport packages begins with the lower packing sheet 7 (Fig. 4, Fig. 6), which is placed so that its mounting holes are directed downward. A certain number of mounting sheets 1 are laid with holes upward on this sheet (FIG. 1, FIG. 6). The last packing sheet 8 is laid last (FIG. 5, FIG. 6), the mounting holes of which are directed upward, and the sheet itself is oriented so that all the grips of both packing sheets are under each other from one edge of the bag. This stack of sheets is leveled and combined into a package by tightening with special packing tapes 11 (Fig.6) or in another way. Thus obtained transport package has on two opposite sides a set of grippers for the fingers, and the lower grip allows you to transfer this package in an upright position, and the lateral grips allow transfer in a horizontal position. The number of sheets in the resulting package may be different depending on the thickness of the sheets and their sizes, which determines the weight of the entire package.

Laying the mounting sheets of plywood under the parquet coating according to the proposed method allows to reduce the complexity and time of this process due to the following changes.

The introduction of permanent limiters directly to the design of mounting sheets for defining technological gaps can significantly reduce the time it takes to lay assembly sheets in a clean plywood base by eliminating the use of temporary gaskets that must be repeatedly installed and removed to comply with technological gaps at different stages of installation sheet installation.

Changing the design of part of the mounting sheets by milling on them power grippers for the fingers allows you to form transport packages and facilitates their manipulation during transportation.

The proposed arrangement of the location of the power grips facilitates the transfer of packages in horizontal or vertical position depending on external conditions, while both one-sided and two-sided capture of the package by hand is possible.

Changing the method of scattered transportation of assembly sheets to the batch form of transportation of these sheets allows to reduce the delivery time of assembly sheets due to ease of transfer and increase in the number of sheets transferred simultaneously, which reduces the total number of necessary transfers. So when forming packages of four sheets, the number of necessary transfers decreases from 30 to 25, and with five sheets in a package to 20.

APPENDIX

List of photos

Photo 1. The process of cutting the mounting sheet to the curved border of the parquet floor is shown.

Photo 2. Shown are temporary gaskets installed to set technological clearances during the preliminary distribution of mounting sheets in the laying area.

Photo 3. Shown are temporary gaskets installed to set technological clearances during the final fastening of mounting sheets to glue and self-tapping screws.

Claims (1)

A method of laying plywood mounting sheets under a parquet coating, including manual transportation, laying and mounting of mounting sheets with mounting holes on a monolithic screed in a clean plywood base, characterized in that before transporting the mounting sheets to the boundary of the parquet flooring zone at the end of each of two adjacent sides a mounting sheet is fixed with at least two constant stops to form the specified technological gaps between the sheets and along the boundary of the parquet floor, then after When mounting sheets are placed in a working position on the screed, permanent stops do not allow the mounting sheets to come close to each other or to the boundary of the parquet flooring area, while the limiters are made of easily destructible material, for example corks, they are fixed with nails, staples, glue, the size of the limiter chosen as follows: height - not more than the thickness of the mounting sheet, the thickness of the stopper is equal to the size of the required gap, and the length of the stopper is selected based on the convenience of mounting on the sheet, then the mounting sheets combined into transport packages, while part of the assembly sheets of the transport package to perform the function of packing sheets is performed with special grippers for fingers, while depending on the location of these grips, the lower and upper packing lists are distinguished, which are mirror images of each other, and the set itself mounting sheets are placed between them, finger grippers are grooves milled to an incomplete sheet thickness, the dimensions and cross-sectional shape of which provide convenience o and the reliability of cargo retention, while the number and location of the grippers on the surface of the packaging sheet may be different, for example, along one of the long sides at a small distance from the edge, three lateral grips are placed to transfer the package in a horizontal position, one of which is located in the middle of this sides for transferring the package with one hand, and the other two are placed at equal distances from the first so that it is convenient to hold and carry the package with two hands, the fourth - the transverse capture is designed for sorting the bag in an upright position, it is placed along the short side of the sheet, in its middle, at a distance from the short side, which is slightly less than the distance from the lowered hand of the person to the base on which he stands, all the grips are performed on the same side as mounting holes, then the assembly of assembly sheets into transport packages starts with laying the bottom packing sheet with mounting holes down, then a certain set of mounting sheets are laid with holes up on this sheet, last the upper packing sheet is mounted with mounting holes up, and the short side of this sheet with a transverse gripper is oriented so that the transverse grips of the upper and lower packing sheets are opposite each other on the opposite sides of the resulting stack of mounting sheets, which are aligned and combined into a bag by tightening with special packing tapes, and the number of sheets in the resulting package may be different depending on the thickness of the sheets and their sizes, and the resulting The mercury bag has a set of grippers on two opposite sides, which allows it to be handled like with a packaged load at all stages of transportation to the border of the parquet flooring area, where the packing tapes are removed and the process of pre-laying the installation sheets on a monolithic screed in a clean plywood base begins pre-laying is carried out by simple and orderly placement of plywood sheets in rows so that the constant limiters of one sheet in contact were run with the ends of other sheets without such limiters or with the boundary of the parquet laying area, this process is performed until there is a need to cut the last sheet in the current row, after which additional limiters are installed on the newly formed end face, as well as on other the ends, if necessary, lay this sheet and begin laying in the same way all subsequent rows throughout the installation area of the parquet floor, then before final laying all the sheets of each row in order x is folded arrangement of the series, and after application to the adhesive tie sheets newly laid out in rows in compliance with the previous order, all attached with screws on monolithic sheets screed then removed by constant limiters their destruction.

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