RU2561373C2 - Treatment of water and/or oil to up their biological activity and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to treatment of water, oils, mixes of oils, water, water solutions, mixes of oils with water (emulsions) to up their biological activity and can be used in medicine, cosmetology, food industry. Proposed process comprises the formation of intermittent fluid flow in exposure zone with gas gaps their size being equal to tube ID. Liquid is fed via temperature regulator under gas pressure to control the flow rate at automatic dispensing of gas and fluid feed to subject the flow to effects of magnetic field, UV radiation and visible radiation. Said gas represents inert gases or nitrogen. This device comprises pipeline for fluid equipped with temperature regulator and pipeline for gas provided with automated dispenser connected with pressure gages as well as the sources of UV radiation, visible radiation and magnetic field. Aforesaid fluid and gas pipelines are translucent in the range of IR to UV waves.

EFFECT: higher biological activity of water and/or oil that displays in higher electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes, lymphocytes and epitheliocytes.

5 cl, 1 dwg, 9 tbl

Description

The invention is intended for use in medicine, cosmetology, the food industry for processing oils, mixtures of oils, water, aqueous solutions, mixtures of oils with water (emulsions), that is, liquids containing substances whose molecules have a dipole moment or can be polarized in weak electromagnetic fields existing in a liquid state at room temperature.

The physicochemical and biological properties of both organic macromolecular compounds and small inorganic molecules are largely determined by the spatial structure of these molecules. For organic medicinal substances, the relationship of biological properties and structure has now been studied in sufficient detail and it has been found that polymorphism, which determines therapeutic efficacy and toxicity, is characteristic of 70% of drugs of all pharmacological groups. To change the structure of solid-state substances, methods based on mechanical treatment in activator dispersing devices of various designs are currently widely used. As for liquids, for them the development of methods for changing the structural state and identifying the relationship of this structural state and biological properties is at the initial stage. The results of correct experimental studies are practically absent.

A known method of processing liquid and a device for its implementation (patent RU 2453501), selected as prototypes. In the known method of treating a liquid, an intermittent fluid flow is formed in the exposure zone by supplying the fluid to the quartz tube under the pressure of an inert gas or nitrogen, and simultaneously the flow is affected by a constant magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation. Form gas gaps, the size of which is equal to the inner diameter of the tube. They process water, water-in-oil emulsions, oil or oil mixtures. A known device for processing liquid contains a container for liquid connected to a quartz tube, a pipeline for supplying gas under pressure, sources of ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation, and magnetic field. The quartz tube is connected to the pipeline for supplying gas under pressure with the possibility of forming an adjustable intermittent fluid flow in the quartz tube. The gas supply pipe is equipped with a needle dispenser. The disadvantages of the known method and device are the instability of the result of the fluid treatment associated with the inability to control the parameters of the fluid treatment modes (radiation dose, fluid temperature). This, in addition, leads to low productivity of the method and device, as well as to instability of structurally sensitive parameters: viscosity, density, thermal expansion coefficients.

The technical result of the group of inventions is to increase the biological activity of water and / or oil, namely increasing the electrophoretic mobility of epithelial cells, erythrocytes and lymphocytes.

The technical result is achieved in a method of treating water and / or oil (hereinafter referred to as liquid) in order to increase their biological activity, in which an intermittent liquid flow is formed in the zone of influence, with gas gaps, the size of which is equal to the inner diameter of the tube, the flow rate is regulated by supplying a given temperatures under gas pressure, affect the flow by a magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation. Inert gases or nitrogen are used as the gas. Adjust the flow rate by automatically dispensing gas and liquid. The flow is affected by a constant magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation simultaneously in a pipeline made transparent in the range from infrared to ultraviolet wavelengths. They process water, aqueous solutions, water-in-oil emulsions, oil or oil mixtures. The set temperature of the liquid is obtained in a thermostat.

The technical result is achieved in a device for processing water and / or oil to increase their biological activity, containing a pipeline for liquid, equipped with a thermostat, and a pipe for gas, equipped with an automated dispenser connected to pressure sensors installed on the pipelines for liquid and gas, sources ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation, magnetic field, pipelines for liquid and gas are connected with the possibility of the formation of an intermittent flow in the pipeline of the exposure zone made transparent in the range from infrared to ultraviolet wavelengths. The pipeline of the reactor exposure zone is made of quartz or of uvolev glass or of a polymer transparent to ultraviolet wavelengths.

The invention is illustrated in the figure.

The device for processing liquid includes a pipe 1 for liquid, equipped with a thermostat 2, and a pipe 3 for gas, equipped with an electronic automated dispenser 4 connected to pressure sensors 5 installed on the pipelines 1, 3 for liquid and for gas.

An electronic automated dispenser 4 makes it possible to ensure the stability of an intermittent flow during input fluctuations in gas and liquid pressures, which leads to an increase in the productivity of the device, since the same sizes of water droplets and gas bubbles moving along the pipeline 6 of the exposure zone are ensured. In addition, a constant speed of their movement is ensured, which ensures reproducibility of the structure. Intermittent flow speed is set. Over a given range, the dispenser maintains flow stability. For example, water pressure rises, gas consumption automatically rises; gas pressure rises, its flow rate automatically decreases.

The pipeline 6 of the exposure zone is made in the form of a tube transparent in the range from infrared to ultraviolet wavelengths, for example, from quartz or from uvolev glass or from polymer. In the exposure zone are installed: a source of 8 visible and ultraviolet radiation, for example a quartz lamp (wavelength range λ = 240-320 nm); a source 7 of a constant magnetic field, made in the form of magnets.

Pipelines 1, 3 for liquid and gas are connected with the possibility of forming an intermittent flow in the pipeline 6 of the impact zone. Namely, the connection of pipelines 1, 3 forms a breaker 9, forming an intermittent fluid flow in a certain range of performance, determined by the ratio of the diameters of pipelines 1, 3 for liquid and gas at the junction and the location of their axes relative to each other.

The device works, and the method is implemented as follows.

The source liquid is supplied from a centralized line or tank through a liquid pipe 1 under a pressure of 10 ⁵ Pa to thermostat 2. Further, a liquid with a predetermined temperature enters the interrupter 9. Gas is supplied to the interrupter 9 under a certain pressure through an automated dispenser 4 that sets its flow rate. In the interrupter, an intermittent fluid flow forms, which enters the pipeline 6 of the exposure zone (tube 6). An intermittent fluid flow is formed in the pipeline 6 of the exposure zone, with gas gaps, the size of which is equal to the inner diameter of the tube 6, the flow rate is regulated by supplying a liquid of a given temperature, automatically dosing the gas and liquid flow. Inert gases or nitrogen are used as the gas. Automated dispenser 4 eliminates the influence of fluctuations in the pressure of the liquid and gas on the exposure time and maintains the stability of the intermittent flow.

When droplets of liquid move along the tube 6, the proportion of liquid with the structure of the boundary (interphase) layer increases in the volume of the droplet. They act on intermittent flux with a constant magnetic field of 0.25 T, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation at the same time. The dose of exposure is determined by the residence time of a drop of liquid in the pipeline 6 of the exposure zone, which is set by changing the ratio of gas / liquid pressures and changing the pressure in the fluid line.

Thus, liquids are treated - water, aqueous solutions, water-in-oil emulsions, oil or oil mixtures. Form a stable state of the liquid with certain parameters of viscosity, density, thermal coefficients of volume expansion, depending on temperature and processing time.

Water

Despite the existence of various models of water, they are united by the assertion that there are both separate (independent) H ₂ O molecules and dynamic associates united by hydrogen bonds. This situation determines the presence of many variable states of water, and, consequently, the manifestation of a variety of experimentally determined physicochemical properties [3]. It was experimentally established that the reactivity of water and aqueous solutions can change significantly after exposure to various factors (temperature, ultrasound, alternating and constant magnetic field, electromagnetic waves, infrasound, acoustic waves, etc.), and the effects leading to activation can be extremely weak [3-5]. To date, a lot of experimental data has accumulated, convincingly proving the effectiveness of applying a magnetic field in the implementation of various physicochemical processes. Changes in the structural, optical, kinetic, magnetic, and other physicochemical properties of the systems under study were recorded [6–8]. UV treatment is used solely for the purpose of disinfecting water; changes in physicochemical and biological properties have not been investigated.

An analysis of the elemental composition of the source and treated water was carried out on an Spectroflame inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.

The temperature dependence of capillary viscosity was studied using VPZh-2 viscometers (0.37 mm). Density was determined using Ostwald pycnometers (volume 0.9234 ml). The electrical conductivity of the water was measured on an Expert-2p conductometer, and pH on an I-160 ionomer. The refractive index was measured on an IRF-454B2M refractometer.

The flux of UV and visible radiation is 80 watts. In this case, the irradiation equal to the ratio of the radiation flux to the area of the receiver is 200 W · m ² . The magnetic field strength is 0.25 T. In the table. 2 and 3 show the structurally sensitive properties of water depending on the processing time.

It can be seen (Tables 2, 3) that treatment using our technology leads to a change in the structural state of natural water, and changes in structurally sensitive properties (density, thermal coefficient of volume expansion) nonmonotonically depend on the processing time. Processing leads to an increase in the connectivity of the water structure, i.e. to an increase in the number of hydrogen bonds in the temperature range 15 ° -25 °. Depending on the processing time, a different number of hydrogen bonds is formed, which is fixed by the value of the thermal coefficient of volume expansion. In the time range of 60-75 seconds, the water structure is most connected. With an increase in processing time, an increase in the expansion coefficient is observed. Heating water to temperatures of 35 ° -50 ° leads to the destruction of hydrogen bonds, which is manifested in a marked increase in the expansion coefficient. Moreover, in this temperature range, the structure of the treated water is less connected than the structure of the source water.

In [10], the biological properties of treated water were studied by determining the physiological nature of this water in interaction with human cells.

The applicability of the use of water in medicine is confirmed by the data of microelectrophoresis on the study of the motility of red blood cells and buccal epithelial cells.

The electrophoretic mobility of red blood cells is one of the vital parameters of human homeostasis [11]. An analysis of the literature data indicates a uniform reaction of the electrokinetic potential of red blood cells, their electrophoretic mobility - a decrease in a variety of diseases [12]. This is the basis for the statement that a change in the electrokinetic potential of red blood cells under various extreme influences is a reflection of the general nonspecific reaction of the body and is associated with the development of a stress reaction and the involvement of stress-realizing systems on the action of stimuli [13, 14].

Given that the electrophoretic mobility of red blood cells allows us to study the development of not only stress reactions in the body, but also the pathological process, reflecting the state of homeostasis of the body as a whole, the study of the electrokinetic properties of red blood cells can be an effective criterion for the severity of adaptive reactions of the body during therapy.

Thus, the electrophoretic mobility of red blood cells can serve as a criterion for the effectiveness of therapeutic measures and a prognostic test [15-19].

Microelectrophoresis is widely used in experimental and clinical medicine. This method is used to diagnose diseases, to assess the adaptation of the human body, to determine the reactions of human cells to the action of various substances and factors.

The pH of the treated natural water is higher than the pH of the source water and increases with increasing processing time (table. 4).

The increase in pH of the water treated by our method is explained by the following physicochemical processes. First, in water, even distilled, there are always dissolved gases in the form of bubbles about 100 nm in size [20, 21].

Second, there is always a hierarchical set of dipole complexes in water [22], from simple ions of the H ₃ O ⁺ and OH ^- type to complex structures such as salt ions surrounded by dipole-oriented layers of radicals [23] (hydrated complexes), as well as dissolved gas bubbles with ions oriented to their surface double electric layers [23]. The effect on the water flowing through the tube (in fact, the current of the dipoles) of even a weak stationary magnetic field should cause a Lorentz force in each charge of any dipole, which is oppositely directed for positive and negative charges. This action should cause an increase in water of ionic radicals such as H ₃ O ⁺ and OH ^- . Those. partial water electrolysis will take place, the greater the longer the water is exposed to a magnetic field and the higher the water flow rate.

According to the Rebinder rule, the larger the phase difference, the higher the surface tension at the interface. Molecules of water (oils) are polar, and gas molecules are non-polar. Therefore, it should be expected that the surface tension at the interface of the nanobubbles - water will be quite high. In accordance with the second law of thermodynamics, any system tends to a state with a minimum Gibbs energy, i.e. to a minimum of surface tension. In this case, a decrease in surface tension is achieved as a result of adsorption of dissolved ions on the surface of the bubbles (oxonium, hydroxonium, cations and anions of dissolved salts).

Treated with electromagnetic fields, water (oils) retains its new properties for a long time due to the stabilization of large dipole structures such as bubble complexes, which preserve dipole-oriented ions near them. Small free ions unbound into large structures recombine with each other over time. This probability is inversely proportional to the relaxation time τ of the recombination Р∝τ ^-1 and is due to the dimensions of a dipoles at temperature T and dynamic viscosity η with the Boltzmann constant k in accordance with the Debye formula τ = 4nη ³ / kT. Those. dipole microbubbles in a liquid are ~ 10 ⁹ -10 ¹² times more stable and long-lived than molecular dipole nanostructures. At the same time, in water activated in this way, which is almost completely filled with large bubble dipoles, any weak EMR (for example, weak variations of the Earth’s magnetic field) during storage can, in principle, induce and maintain a dipole orientation [24]. Moreover, such an orientation can be maintained in long chains of "bubble dipoles" for an unlimited time.

For a dipole balance, “clouds” with opposite charges form in bubble dipoles.

Since the charge carriers of different signs in the clouds have different sizes (r (OH ^- ) = 1.4 Å, r (H ₃ O ⁺ ) = 1.3 Å), it is logical to assume that when interacting in a chain, clouds consisting of smaller to the size of charge carriers, they create an equivalent electrical communication potential with fewer carriers than with large carriers, due to a higher bulk density due to “thickening” in the clouds. Since the potential φ of charges in a double electric layer (cloud) in a half-plane is expressed as (1)

In the formula (1), τ is the density of the dipole moment; R is the radius of the bubble; r is the radius outward from the center along the Z axis.

The pH of the solution depends on the electric field strength E (2) acting on the solution and on the duration of the electromagnetic field (3).

V is the volume of the whole solution, expressed in m ³ ; R ₁ and R ₂ are the radii and the number N _{1 of} small and large charge carriers (corresponding, for example, to the sizes of oxonium ions (OH ^- ) and hydroxonium ions (H ₃ O ⁺ )); N ₃ - the total number of positive charges in the solution; χ is the polarizability of the charge system in the double layer of the bubble; е≈1.6 · 10 ^-19 C - the value of the elementary charge and ε ₀ ≈8.85 · 10 ~ ¹² F / m - the electric constant.

Thus, it follows from the above model that with an increase in the strength of an electric field acting on a solution or with an increase in the duration of a field with a constant intensity, its pH should increase.

So, the treatment of artesian water with electromagnetic fields leads to an increase in pH. The reason for the effect is “clouds” with opposite charges that form in the bubble dipoles for dipole balance. The charge carriers of different signs, namely, oxonium ions (OH ^- ) and hydroxonium ions (Н ₃ О ⁺ ) in the clouds, are of different sizes; therefore, when interacting in a chain, clouds consisting of larger charge carriers (r (ОН ^- ) ~ 1.4Å ), create an equivalent electrical communication potential with a smaller number of carriers, compared with smaller carriers (r (Н ₃ О ⁺ ) ~ 1.3 Å), due to a higher bulk density due to “thickening” in the clouds. As a result, ions (OH ^- ) unbound into the clouds lead to an increase in pH. An increase in pH is another reason for the increased biological activity of the treated water.

Thus, the increase in the biological activity of water treated with electromagnetic fields is due to an increase in pH (the number of OH ^- ions) and the formation of nanobubble dipoles. Dipoles increase the negative potential of the membrane of living blood cells and epithelial cells, and as a result, the microelectrophoretic mobility of these cells increases. The pH value is proportional to the charge of the dipoles and, consequently, the microelectrophoretic mobility of the cells, indicating the biological activity of water.

The study of microelectrophoretic mobility of blood cells and epithelial cells was carried out using medical equipment and the Cytoexpert complex. This complex has the certificate of conformity of the State Standard of the Russian Federation and the registration certificate of the medical device No. FS / 022a 2005 / 1744-05 dated 06/14/05. The device allows you to record the number of cells activated by the electric field and to detect changes in the average amplitude of oscillations of test cells and human cells. Capillary blood and buccal epithelial cells were collected and examined in accordance with accepted methods. Water samples were mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride (saline) in a ratio of 1: 1. When evaluating the reactions of human buccal epithelial cells, the percentage of cells activated by the electric field was determined, as well as the amplitude of oscillations of the nuclei and plasmolemma of the epithelial cells.

The results of the analysis of the reaction of red blood cells to treated water indicate a high level of biological adaptation of red blood cells during their incubation in water treated for 60 s (Table 5).

It was found that the use of treated water leads to an increase in the electrical activity of epithelial cells (Table 5). The amplitude parameters of the cell membranes and their nuclei, as well as the percentage of cells activated when they are placed in a solution with treated water, are improved. This indicates the activation of cell enzymes and an increase in their biological adaptation.

Thus, water has the greatest biological activity, with the lowest density and the greatest number of hydrogen bonds. The structure of such water is apparently closest to the structure of ice, which has a lower density compared to liquid water.

Processing for 40 s to a greater extent affects the properties of olive oil than camelina (table. 7). There are apparently two reasons for this effect: 1) the composition of olive oil contains much less tocopherols, stearins, and other substances that impede the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds; 2) in the composition of olive oil, oleic acid triglycerides of the same name, while in camelina oil, triglycerides have a more complex composition, the formation of intermolecular and intramolecular bonds in which is difficult.

Vegetable oils

The main component of oils is triglycerides, triglycerides of unsaturated fatty acids are present in vegetable oils.

From the classical physics of magnetic interactions, it follows that diamagnet molecules (which include triglycerides), placed in a uniform constant magnetic field, tend to be oriented in the direction perpendicular to the lines of force if these molecules have diamagnetic anisotropy. In the case of a nonuniform constant magnetic, a translational component also appears, enhancing the orienting action of the field. All large molecules of organic compounds, as a rule, possess such anisotropy. Therefore, the influence of a constant magnetic field on physicochemical processes involving such anisotropic molecules is well founded and expected. And, first of all, this influence can manifest itself in phase formation processes. For complex molecular systems, not only the thermodynamic factor (i.e., the energy of phase formation), but also the kinetic factor is very significant: in view of the complexity and cumbersomeness of structural units, macromolecules, they form a phase with a partial metastable arrangement of molecular fragments. Therefore, if a constant magnetic field is applied, we obtain an additional kinetic factor that causes the orientation of the diamagnet. Naturally, the proportion of metastable positions of molecules during phase formation is not predominant.

Among the polymorphic forms of triglycerides, a stable beta form, an unstable alpha form, and a glassy amorphous gamma form are distinguished. For some triglycerides, a beta'-form was also revealed that is intermediate between beta and alpha forms. Crystals of individual polymorphic forms of triglycerides differ in the angle of inclination of hydrocarbon radicals of fatty acids to the plane of the final groups. The stable beta form of glycerides is the highest melting. In its crystals, as in beta'-form crystals, the hydrocarbon radicals of acids are located obliquely to the plane of the final groups at about an angle of about 65 °. In a low-melting alpha form, these radicals are located perpendicular to the plane of the final groups [9].

Processing leads to the formation of a metastable alpha structure in olive oil with a higher freezing point, resulting in a sharp increase in viscosity at a temperature of 15 ° C.

The optimum oil processing time is 40 seconds. The greatest activity of lymphocytes is observed with a relatively high proportion of active red blood cells (Tables 8, 9). The increase in processing time leads to the polymerization of the oil.

Literature

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2. RF patent No. 2453501,

3. Martin Chaplin. Water structure and science //http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water

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6. Zheleztsov A.V. Magnetic phenomena in solutions // Electronic processing of materials, 1976, No. 4, p. 25-31.

7. Kirgintsev A.N., Sokolov V.M., Khanaev V.I. To the question of the influence of a magnetic field on the physicochemical properties of solutions // ZhFKh. - 1968. - T. 48. - S. 301-303.

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9. Vereshchagin A.G. Structural analysis of natural triglycerides // Advances in Chemistry. 1971. T. XL, no. 11. S. 1995-2028.

10. Research report “Study of drinking canteen still water“ Uvinskaya Pearl ”processed using the“ DunVu ”technology, Izhevsk, 2013.

11. Ryazantseva N.V., Novitsky V.V. Typical violations of the molecular organization of the erythrocyte membrane in somatic and mental pathology // Uspekhi fiziol. Science, 2004, No. 1. from. 53-65.

12. Novitsky V.V., Ryazantseva N.V., Stepovaya E.A. et al. Molecular disturbances of the erythrocyte membrane in pathology of different genesis is a typical reaction of the organism: contours of the problem // Bull. Siberian medicine, 2006, No. 2, p. 62-69.

13. Krylov V.N., Deryugina A.V. Typical changes in the electrophoretic mobility of red blood cells under stress exposure // Bull. exp biol. and honey., 2005, t. 139, No. 4, p. 364-366.

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Claims (5)

1. A method of treating water and / or oil to increase their biological activity, in which an intermittent liquid flow with gas spaces, the size of which is equal to the inner diameter of the tube, is formed in the exposure zone, the liquid is supplied through a thermostat under gas pressure, the flow rate is regulated, automatically dosing the flow gas and liquids, affect the flow of a magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that inert gases or nitrogen are used as the gas. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they act on the stream with a constant magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation at the same time, in a pipeline made transparent in the range from infrared to ultraviolet wavelengths. 4. A device for treating water and / or oil to increase their biological activity, comprising a pipeline for liquid, equipped with a thermostat, and a pipeline for gas, equipped with an automated dispenser connected to pressure sensors installed on the pipelines for liquid and for gas, ultraviolet sources , visible radiation, magnetic field, pipelines for liquid and gas are connected with the possibility of forming an intermittent flow in the pipeline of the exposure zone, made transparent in the range e from infrared to ultraviolet wavelengths. 5. The device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the pipeline of the reactor exposure zone is made of quartz or uvolev glass or polymer.

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