RU2557848C2 - Press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forging equipment. Press comprises housing, actuator, transfer mechanism, control assembly, main and auxiliary slides. Actuator is composed of metal plates connected with HV source. Said plates are arranged in the case to displace relative to each other. Transfer mechanism is composed of two crossbars rigidly coupled with metal plates and provided with retainers, Crossbars are interconnected by springs. Main and auxiliary slides are rigidly couple with said crossbars.

EFFECT: enhanced performances, power saving.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to press equipment.

There are various presses for forging and stamping machines: hydraulic, crank, rotary, screw and others, containing a housing, engine, gear, control and monitoring unit (Bocharov Yu.A. Forging and stamping equipment. - Publishing Center "Academy", 2008 , p. 12).

Their common drawback: the complexity and metal consumption of structures, high energy consumption, limited functionality.

A well-known press (SU 734911 A, B21J 7/30, 05/28/1981, p. 2) is taken as a prototype, comprising a housing, an engine, a transmission mechanism, a control and monitoring unit. It has a lower metal consumption, simpler design. But it also has high power consumption, limited functionality.

The objective of the invention: reducing power consumption, expanding functionality.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the press containing the housing, the engine, the transmission mechanism is equipped with main and auxiliary sliders, the engine is made in the form of metal plates connected to a high voltage source and placed in the housing with the ability to move relative to each other, and the transmission mechanism is made in in the form of two traverses rigidly connected to metal plates and interconnected by means of springs, while the main and auxiliary sliders are rigidly connected to traverses Each of which is provided with a stopper for locking it relative to the housing. It is assumed that the stopper is made in the form of movable and stationary parts interconnected by means of springs and provided with metal plates connected to a high voltage source, while the movable part is made in the form of segments having recesses and protrusions on the outer side corresponding to protrusions and recesses, made on the body.

The press device is shown in the drawings.

In FIG. 1 - gear with engine, with traverses and sliders.

In FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG. 1 to aa.

In FIG. 3 is an electrical block diagram of a press.

In FIG. 4 is a sectional general view of the press.

The press consists of a housing 1, in which movable traverses 2 and 3 are placed, provided with metal plates 4 and 5 connected to a high voltage unit (Fig. 3). Traverses 2 and 3 are interconnected by springs 6 and are equipped with stoppers 7 and 8, each of which is made of movable 9 and fixed 10 parts, interconnected by springs 11. Parts of stoppers 7 and 8 are equipped with metal plates 12 and 13, isolated from parts of the housing connected to the high voltage unit. The movable parts 9 of the stoppers 7 and 8 are made in the form of separate segments, separated by partitions 14, provided with protrusions 15 and recesses 16 from the outside. Similar protrusions and recesses are made on the corresponding side of the housing 1. Traverses 2 and 3 are rigidly connected to the main sliders 17, 18 and with auxiliary 19, 20.

The press is equipped with a control panel 21 comprising a high voltage unit, a control unit, a control and monitoring panel. The plates 12, 13, 4, 5 are interconnected with the high voltage unit by flexible wires 22 and switching devices P1, P2, P3. Numbers 23, 24, 25 in FIG. 4 shows molds.

The device operates as follows (Fig. 4).

In this embodiment, four main sliders 17, 18 are used, several auxiliary sliders 19, 20 and two pairs of traverses 2, 3. Auxiliary sliders are used to open and close the mold 23, push the pressed product and transport it.

Before starting work, the sliders 17, 18 are returned to their original position using the control panel 21. Through a open window (not shown), a portion of the soil mixture or metal powder is poured into the mold 23 from the hopper. After closing the window, a high potential (5 ÷ 2 kV) is supplied to the plates 12, 3 of the stoppers by 8 contacts 1-2 P1. The plates 12, 13 are charged with the same charge and the Coulomb forces repel each other. The moving parts — segments 9 (Fig. 2) are extended from the crosshead 2 and pressed against the housing 1 by their protrusions 15 and recesses 16 to the corresponding recesses and protrusions of the housing 1, locking the traverse 2. Then a high potential is applied to the plates 4, 5 of the traverse 2, 3 pins 1-3 P3. The plates 4, 5 are charged and repelled from each other. Since the traverse 2 is locked, the traverse 3 moves together with the sliders 18 of their pistons, stretching the spring 6 and pre-pressing - the first stage of pressing. At this stage, the mixture (powder) is evacuated; for this, the potential is removed by contacts 1-2 P3 from the plates 4, 5. The Coulomb repulsive forces disappear. The springs 6 of the yoke 3 together with the slider 18 are pulled to the yoke 2, evacuating the mixture. Air is removed from the pores of the mixture and subsequently through leaks in the pistons or through special holes in the piston and the slider 18 is removed to the outside. After preliminary pressing, the sliders 18 with their pistons come into contact with the mixture as described above. In this position, traverse 3 stops with stopper 7. Contacts 1-3 P2 supply potential to plates 12-13 of stopper 7. Potential from plates 4-5 of traverse 2, 3 and plates 12-3 of stopper 8 with contacts 1-3 P1 and 1-2 P3 is removed. The Coulomb repulsive forces between traverses 2 and 3 disappear. The springs 6 of the traverse 2 is pulled to the traverse 3 and is again locked by the stop 8. The potential from the plates of the stop 7 is removed and the potential is applied to the plates 4, 5 of the traverse 2, 3. The traverse 3 again moves with the slider 18, continuing to compress the mixture. Pressing, if necessary, both during preliminary pressing, and during the next, final pressing, is carried out in several stages. Changing the potential on plates 4, 5 in size and time, pressing is carried out according to any law and at any speed. When moving the traverse 2 together with its sliders 18 with pistons, the mixture is poured into the mold behind the pistons through an open window. Pressing in the mold 23 is stopped when the desired compression ratio of the mixture is reached or when the slider 18 reaches the desired position. Then the traverses 2 and 3 with the sliders 18 in the manner described above begin the reverse movement, compressing, pressing the mixture in the molds 24, 25. The pressed billet is removed and transported through the opening window at the bottom of the mold 23 and transported to the side of the storage place, and after closing the lower the window opens the upper window of the mold 23, through which a new portion of the mixture is poured into it from the hopper. In the molds 24, 25 there is one-sided pressing. Why the traverse 3 is stopped by the stopper 7, the traverse 2 is stopped by the stopper 8. A high potential is applied to the plates 4, 5 of the traverse 2, 3. The order of pressing in the molds 24 and 25 is similar to the order of pressing in the mold 23. With more than 2 traverses, as in the considered example, placed in one case (bed), two-sided pressing is performed simultaneously in a larger number of molds, increasing productivity and quality of pressing. The Coulomb repulsive forces are huge. To evaluate them, the Coulomb formula is approximately used. In the SI system

$$F=K\frac{g\mathrm{one}\cdot g2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="00000005.png,00000006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}2},\text{where K =}\frac{\text{one}}{\text{four}\pi {\epsilon }_{\text{0}}}=9\cdot {10}^9\text{m / f}$$

ε ₀ is the dielectric constant in vacuum (C ² / m ² · N);

r is the distance between the plates,

with g1 = g2 = 1 pendant and r = 1 m

(Zilberman. Electricity and Magnetism, 1970, p. 66-67).

To create a huge charge of 1 pendant, an insignificant amount of electricity is required, since 1 C = 1 A × 1 s. The electric power of the press does not exceed 100 W, which is ten times less than that of the known presses. Using the proposed press, any pressing efforts limited only by the strength of the press parts can, according to any law, be instantly applied or removed without complicated operations, movements, and practically without energy consumption. Safety when using high voltage is ensured by placing a high voltage unit on the internal parts of the press and protecting parts of the press from breakdown of high voltage on the casing by insulation, fuses (circuit breakers), etc.

Information sources

1. Description of the invention to patent SU 734911 A, B21J 7/30, 05/28/1981 (prototype).

2. Bocharov Yu.A. Forging and stamping equipment. Publishing Center "Academy", 2008.

3. Zilberman. Electricity and Magnetism, 1970.

4. Description of the invention to patent No. 2018441, IPC B28B 3/04.

Claims (2)

1. A press comprising a housing, an engine, a transmission mechanism, a control and monitoring unit, characterized in that it is provided with main and auxiliary sliders, the engine being made in the form of metal plates connected to a high voltage source and placed in the housing with the possibility of movement relative to each other, the transmission mechanism is made in the form of two traverses, rigidly connected to metal plates and interconnected by means of springs, and the main and auxiliary sliders are rigidly connected with traverses, each of which is equipped with a stopper for locking it relative to the housing. 2. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the stopper is made in the form of movable and fixed parts interconnected by springs and provided with metal plates connected to a high voltage source, while the movable part is made in the form of segments having on the outside recesses and protrusions corresponding to protrusions and recesses made on the housing.

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