RU2557488C9 - Elementary wick air humidifier-purifier and method of its use - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to air humidification and purification and can be used for air humidification and purification in inhabited and medical premises. The technical result is achieved by the elementary air humidifier-purifier containing the tray with water and wicks suspended on the wick holder installed on the tray in the form of a stand or on the wick holder in the form of a vessel with water with interconnection hole in the bottom part.

EFFECT: simplicity of design and service.

11 cl

Description

The group of inventions relates to mechanics, and more specifically to heating, heating, humidification of air, increasing the concentration of steam in a gas by evaporation of a liquid, purification of gas (air), as well as to mechanical devices: humidifiers, air purifiers, namely, simple, cost-free wick air humidifiers, combined with air purifiers.

As the first analogue of the device, a device for humidification of air was selected, comprising a housing 1 (Fig. 1), a tray 2, a humidifying element 3, an electric fan 4, an electric pump 5, a water distribution system 6. A hygroscopic material 2 is fixed in the humidifying element 3 (Fig. .2) watered from above by water from a water distribution system 6/1 /. The analogue fulfills its purpose, because it has a high humidifier efficiency due to the electric fan pumping air through the humidifying elements 3, constantly wet thanks to the electric pump 5. “Humidifier efficiency” is the efficiency of the analogue in moistening a given volume, it is the quotient of dividing the air humidity (absolute and relative) in a given volume during operation of the humidifier in the steady state to humidity in the same volume before starting the operation of the humidifier under other identical conditions. The expression "predetermined volume" means that it is specified, for example, by the developer or user of the humidifier, for example, the volume of the ward in the clinic, and is not a hallmark of the invention. The expression “ceteris paribus” when comparing quantities is not further repeated, but is always meant. This efficiency is expressed as a percentage.

The disadvantages of the 1st analogue of the device:

1. Noticeable costs of increasing moisture in a given volume by 1 percent. Since the humidifier works according to obvious physical laws and with obtaining clear results, for comparative evaluation of these indicators for analogs, clear estimates for each analog and invention are sufficient, which are given below: the complexity of the analog design proves the significant costs for its purchase and maintenance by qualified specialists, including repair ; the presence of electric motors proves the cost of electricity. A “predetermined volume” is a part of the space in which there is air acting on a human (animal) organism, for example: air inhaled by a person, air in contact with a wound surface during a surgical operation, etc. This analogue has a complex device, therefore it is expensive, requires qualified service, the presence of electric motors proves the cost of electricity.

2. Costs will increase in the manufacture of an analog, because the device is not always clearly described, for example: the use of hygroscopic material 2 contradicts the purpose and name of this analog, because, by definition, it must absorb moisture from the environment (“Hygroscopicity is the property of a material (substance) to absorb moisture from the environment (usually water vapor from the air) ... ”see“ New Polytechnical Dictionary ”, chap. red. Ishlinsky, M., ed.“ Big Russian Encyclopedia ”, 2000, p. 106).

3. Maintenance costs, because a means is not indicated for the constant full maintenance of water in the moisturizing elements 3 and to prevent the transfusion of water over the edges of the pan 2.

As the 1st analogue of the method, the principle of the 1st analogue of the device is adopted, in which the electric pump 5 pumps water from the pallet 2 into the tubular water distribution system 6, mounted under the ceiling of the housing 1 above the humidifying elements 3 of hygroscopic material, watered from above with water from the system 6 , and the electric fan 4 pumps air through them / 1 /. This method fulfills its purpose if the electric pump pumps enough water into the water distribution system 6, but does not overfill the pan 2.

The disadvantages of this method:

1. There is no self-maintenance of the equality of the mass speed of the pumped electric pump 5 and the mass rate of water evaporation in the moisturizing elements, because otherwise either the moisturizing elements will be dry if there is water in the pan 2, or the water will overflow over the edge of the pan 2, which will require maintenance costs.

2. The cost of electricity for lifting water with an electric pump 5 to moisten the elements 3 and pumping air with an electric fan 4 through the elements 3.

As the 2nd analogue of the device, an air humidification system was selected, containing a liquid vessel 1 open at the top with an opening in the lower part and a drain pipe, and also a liquid drain pipe 2, with a longitudinal section along its axis on the right side, which became a pallet, therefore, we will call it the “tube-tray” 2, because from it the liquid rises through the capillary system 5 into the evaporator 3 located in the climatic chamber 4/2 /. This analogue has lower costs for increasing humidification in a given volume by 1 percent, because air is not pumped through the evaporator 3.

The disadvantages of the 2nd analogue of the device:

1. Fundamentally the same disadvantages as the 1st analogue, ie the cost of purchasing an analogue (although less complex than analogue 1) containing the capillary system 5 of the expensive (compared to the wick) capillary tubes.

2. Maintenance costs due to the lack of funds for automatic constant full maintenance of the equality of the mass velocity of water in the pallet tube 2 and the mass evaporation rate of water in the evaporator 3, otherwise, as follows from the drawing, at the beginning of filling the vessel 1, water from the vessel 1 with a high speed, the drain pipe will pour into the drain pan 2, quickly fill its right part, the speed of water in the capillaries will probably be lower, water will pour out over the edges of the drain pan, which requires continuous manual control of the analog and even raises doubts about its performance.

As the 2nd analogue of the method, the principle of the 2nd analogue of the device (according to the drawing) is adopted, in which water is poured into the vessel 1 open from above, almost immediately after the pouring of water into the vessel 1, the water through the drain pipe fills the drain pan 2 ( its right side) and through the capillary system 5, a small part of the water enters the evaporator 3, and most of the water flows over the edge of the right side of the pallet tube / 2 /.

The disadvantage of the 2nd analogue of the method:

Maintenance costs due to the need for constant manual control of the water supply to the pallet tube 2 due to the lack of self-maintenance of the equality of the mass rate of water leakage from the vessel 1 through the drain pipe, the flow through the pallet tube 2, rise through the capillary system 5 and the mass evaporation rate water in the evaporator 3, because, judging by the drawing, almost immediately after the start of pouring water into the vessel 1, the water fills the drain pan 2 (its right side) through the drain pipe, apparently, a smaller part of the water will rise through the capillary system 5, but Naya part will flow out over the edge of the pallet-tube. The 2nd analogue of the device is operational only under one condition: the mass rate of water flowing out of the vessel 1 through the drain pipe, the flow along the pallet pipe 2, the capillary system 5 is equal to the mass rate of water evaporation in the evaporator 3, but the rate of water outflow from the vessel 1 is continuous decreases with decreasing water level in the vessel 1, and the feedback between the rate of evaporation of water in the evaporator 3 and filling the vessel 1 with water is not indicated, therefore, the 2nd analogue of the method is possible only with continuous manual filling of the vessel 1 or temporarily from the moment the cessation of filling of the tube-pallet 2 to the absorption of almost all the water into the capillary system 5.

As a prototype of the device, a simple, cost-free wick air humidifier is selected, comprising a tray 6 with water and a wick 9/3 /. The pallet 6 is made in the form of a hollow ball 6 with a wide hole at the top, the wick 9 is made in the form of an elastic twisted cord 9, the lower end of which lies on the bottom of the pallet 6, and its developed end in the form of strands 10 sticks out of the pallet 6, resting on its edge / 3 /.

The advantage of the prototype: virtually no cost, because the prototype can be made from a previously purchased vessel and wick, in addition, wick 9 is the only tool placed only upward from the liquid level, in which the mass rate of liquid entry into it is equal to the mass rate of its evaporation, therefore it requires almost no maintenance costs.

The disadvantages of the prototype device:

1. The small efficiency of the humidifier due to the small area of the wet surface of the wick 9 in general and even smaller surface above the edge of the pan 6, because water vapor is delivered to a given volume by natural air flows mainly from the wet surface above the edge of the pan 6, because the heat of the air was expended on water evaporation, temperature has decreased, the volumetric weight of the air-steam mixture at the wet surface is greater than in ambient air, so the flow will be directed downward, and the bulk will not come out from the level of the edge of the pallet.

2. The decreasing efficiency of the humidifier due to a continuous decrease in the liquid level in the pan 6, therefore, due to a decrease in the mass velocity of the wick water flow.

3. Air purification is not provided.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this invention of the device is to eliminate these disadvantages, i.e. a significant increase in the efficiency of humidification while reducing costs, its continuous maintenance at the highest value and air purification.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that

(1) a simple, cost-free wick humidifier-air purifier containing a pan with water and a wick, according to the invention, is equipped with a high stable wick support (fit support) located on the pallet, comprising a predominantly vertical and mainly horizontal part on which a tape main (evaporative) wick is hung with possibly the largest useful (wet) surface and a narrow tape removable measuring wick, falling to the bottom of the pallet with a depth of mainly 10% of the height of the wet part Itilya being formed on the edge of the pallet urovnemernaya calibration scale; Besides,

(2) the device according to claim 1, equipped with a combined wick support (fit support) containing a level support (ur support) put on a pallet in the form of a high stable water-filled hard vessel with only an exchange hole in the bottom part at a predetermined lowest permissible water level in the pan, and the boundary the vertical projection of the vessel at the bottom of the pallet is located from the bottom border mainly on two thicknesses of wicks hung on it;

(3) the device according to claim 1, equipped with a fit-in support in the form of a sealed water bottle with said exchange opening in the bottom of the bottle; Besides,

(4) the device according to claim 1, equipped with a fit-in support in the form of an inverted whole water bottle inserted by a screwed cap into a pallet clamp in the form of a screw with a reverse thread with vertical spring tabs screwed onto the pegs on the bottom of the pallet to clamp the cap with the possibility of unscrewing the bottle from the cap until water flows from the bottle into the lid and the pan through a radially made exchange hole in the wall of the lid at the level of the end of the throat; finally, (5) the device according to claim 1, equipped with a fit-in support in the form of an inverted standard water-filled film-cardboard packaging for liquid food products filled with water, inserted into the pallet from the bottom of predominantly the same package.

Description of the invention of the device. Terms and their definitions:

"Wick" is a device for the appearance of a fluid flow in it above its surface film due to its wettability with this fluid. Various types of wicks are known, hereinafter referred to only the most famous flexible tape. The wick raises (absorbs) the liquid due to the phenomenon of wetting, cleans the surrounding gas from other (harmful) gases due to their dissolution, and from dust, including microorganisms.

"Cost-free" - does not require energy to fulfill its purpose, for example: heating the evaporated liquid or blowing gas with a fan. Well-known terms and terms explained in the description are not further explained, but are meant, and actions are performed.

Explanation of claim 1 of the claims. A simple, cost-free wick humidifier-air purifier (hereinafter briefly referred to as “humidifier”) contains a pan with water, a high stable wick support (primarily abbreviated as “fit support”) containing a high, stable, mainly vertical part (for example, a rack) is predominantly attached to the pallet the horizontal part (for example, the console) forming the L-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped, etc. fit support. “Mostly horizontal part” means that its upper surface has a mental horizontal tangent plane, i.e. does not have a tip that can pierce the wick, in addition, it is not necessary to check the horizontal with an appropriate device. The wicks are hung on the console, but not fixed on it, for quick assembly and disassembly of the humidifier, i.e. the wicks are only supported by the fit support, but can slip from the end of the non-horizontal console by the strength of their weight and from the horizontal console, the difference in the weights of the branches, for example, wet and dry, therefore the generalized name “fit support” corresponds to its essence. The wick does not slide off the horizontal console due to the equilibrium of its falling halves, but it can slip if one half (wet) outweighs the other (dry), the edge of which does not touch the liquid level. The console has a place for the main wick in its width so that the beginning and end of the console are bent upwards to prevent the edges of the wick from slipping imperceptibly from its place along the console (it is mostly horizontal, but not always, because the horizontalness is not checked by the device), and then whole wick from the end of the console, under the influence of imperceptible vibrations of the console. In addition, the curvature of the beginning of the console upwards prevents the possibility of water draining along the rack over the side of the pallet from the top of the wick lying on the console if it turned out to be unintentionally wet, for example, due to an unintended high concentration of steam in the ambient air. “High phytosupport” means that in the established mode of operation of the humidifier, the border of the wet part of the wick is below its middle part by a predetermined (small) distance, therefore, it makes no sense to make a higher phytosupport. The "set distance" is assigned by the user, manufacturer, etc. from its own experience, it is not a patentable feature, but it provides dryness of the middle part of the wick on the console, because the wet part of the wick has a lower coefficient of friction with the console, so the wick can slide off it if the wick branches are out of balance, and in some wicks the wet part is less more durable than dry. In addition, the air around the wick has a greater volumetric weight due to lower temperature (due to the heat from the surrounding space for the evaporation of water) and because of the vapor in it, so the air layer near the surface of the wick falls, and does not spread uniformly in height (although airflows in the surrounding area contribute to this). The console can be made in the form of a rod straight or bent in the form of a ring onto which tape wicks are hung with their midpoints: the main wick with the largest possible useful (wet) surface (hereinafter briefly: “wick”, although there may be several) and a narrow measuring wick made primarily of the same material (hereinafter briefly: “measuring wick”, although it is rarely mentioned, but always implied), falling to the bottom of the pallet. It was with the appearance of the expression “possibly large useful surface of the main wick” that, in contrast to the prototype, “air humidifier” appeared in the “humidifier-air purifier”, and with the achievement of a significantly higher concentration of steam in the air, and air purification was not provided for in the prototype. The support can be made in the form of a high cup holder, on the upper edge of which the mentioned wicks are hung, falling mainly along the outer surface of the cup holder, because the mass evaporation rate outside the cup holder is greater than inside (the mass evaporation rate is the ratio of the evaporated mass to the duration of its evaporation). At the edge of the pallet, a calibration level gauge (for example, millimeter scale) is made, with an opaque edge the scale is made on its inner surface. When using a humidifier, you need to know the time when you need to add water to the pan for the continuity of its operation: a wide wick on the L-shaped and similar fittings provides a high evaporation rate, but also requires a wide pan, so that the rate of decrease in level is within the specified limit, since when eye Estimates of the value of the values allow an error of up to 10%, because it is not significant, we assume that the depth of the pallet is 10% of the length of the wet part of the wick, therefore, the efficiency of the humidifier during Ota humidifier is reduced by approximately 10%. The level gauge measures the time to lower the level from the highest to the drain and graduates the time scale; This allows you to calculate the amount of time before replenishing water in the pan.

To measure air purification by contamination of the wick, a removable measuring wick is provided, which is sent to the appropriate laboratory at a given time. Before using the humidifier, it is necessary to check the absence of measured substances in wicks and water. If necessary, distilled water should be used.

The expression “attached support” means that it can be attached at any time: during the manufacture of the pallet, for example, welded, fixed during assembly of the device after the manufacture of its parts or before the humidification of the air. The fit support can be manufactured by known methods from manual manufacture to stamping or casting from metal or thermoplastic together with a pallet.

The disadvantage of the L-shaped fit-support is the relatively low efficiency of the humidifier due to the not wide width of the wick, it can be increased if you use a wick of a cylindrical shape with the same round tray: the circumference of the base of the cylinder is approximately 3 times its diameter, therefore the width of the outer surface of the cylindrical wick will be 1.5 times larger than the wick hung on the L-shaped fit support, because such a wick has 2 outer surfaces with a total width of 2 diameters. To eliminate this drawback, the following simple design change was made: the console of the L-shaped phytosupport is bent in a horizontal plane so that its horizontal projection lies inside the edge of the pallet, a phytosupport with a ring is obtained, a wick about 1.5 times can be hung on such an annular console wider in comparison with hung on the L-shaped fitosupport. Fittings can be various, made according to the conditions of use, for example, a T-shaped fittings are screwed into the middle of the bottom of the pallet, or equipped with a support cross at the lower end, or made in the form of a high cup holder. Water rises through the wick, evaporating; the larger the surface of the wick, the greater its productivity, so the wick should be as wide as possible, and its length useful, i.e. active (wet) part, also possibly larger. The height of the water level in the wick depends on many reasons, for example, on the thickness of the wick, etc., and ultimately on the ratio of the mass flow rate absorbed into the wick on the water surface and the mass rate of evaporation from its surface (ceteris paribus). The mass evaporation rate is measured by dividing the decrease in the weight of the humidifier by the time between two time readings. The evaporation rate increases with increasing length of the useful part of the wick, so there comes a time when the average mass speed of evaporation is equal to the average mass velocity of liquid entering the wick, therefore the highest height of the wet part of the wick occurs, it does not make sense to make the rack higher, therefore its height only be such that it provides the highest level of liquid in the wick. The boundary of the wetted part of a thick wick is higher than that of a thin wick (ceteris paribus). It should be borne in mind that the liquid molecules in the boundary layer (at the border with another substance, including the surface layer, i.e., with air), behave completely differently than inside the liquid, for example, the wetting forces of the water molecule exceed weight strength. And next to or on the main wick, a removable measuring wick is fixed in the form of a tape to monitor pollutants in the air, for which it is removed, placed in a sealed clean carrier (test tube with a stopper) and quickly delivered to the substance concentration meter. The pallet stands on a horizontal surface or is suspended like a chandelier at a given height, mainly on three flexible threads. For manual carrying, the invention has a handle fixedly connected to the pallet.

The advantage of this device is its simplicity and lack of energy consumption, because energy is not needed to evaporate water.

Disadvantage: the need for constant monitoring of the liquid level in the pan and replenishing the evaporated volume. This disadvantage is eliminated in paragraph 2 of the claims.

Explanation of Clause 2. The main difference from the device according to claim 1: instead of the described simple fit-support, a level support (ur-support) is installed on the water tray in the form of a high stable rigid vessel with water, mainly with one exchange hole in the bottom part. Instead of “urban support”, the short name “vessel” can be used for a detailed description of his work. An “exchange hole” is an opening in the bottom part of the vessel wall through which, when the water level in the pan decreases below the exchange hole, the water flowing from the vessel is exchanged when the filling hole is closed for a close volume of outside air entering it. When the water poured out from the urp support closes the exchange hole, the water continues to flow out of the vessel under the influence of the pressure difference on opposite sides of this hole, the water level in the sump will increase slightly, but a vacuum will occur above the level of the ox in the vessel, which will eliminate the pressure difference in the exchange hole, therefore, the pouring of water will stop, and when the level drops below the exchange hole, the water from the urban support will again pour out, so the water level in the pan automatically maintains INDICATES approximately at the level of the exchange aperture axis. The exchange hole is made at a predetermined lowest permissible water level in the pan. “Preset lowest permissible water level in the pan” (briefly: “set level”) - a level sufficient for the humidifier to operate without adding water to the pan for a predetermined time at a steady mass rate of water evaporation. "Set time" is the duration of the humidifier, set by the user, manufacturer, etc., for example, from the end of one shift to the beginning of the next, etc., its numerical value is not a sign of the invention. Wicks are hung on the urpod, which should not overlap the exchange hole, as in all subsequent humidifiers, so it has turned into a combined self-acting tool for maintaining wicks and automatically maintaining the water level in the pan at the specified lowest permissible water level in the pan. This remedy is called: “phytylleurosupport” (phytosupport). The support device in the form of a rigid vessel is simple in design, can be manufactured without difficulty using known technologies in relation to the given conditions for its use in accordance with the description of its design in the explanations to the claims. Here, a vessel is described that is designed to work as an urban support: a flat bottom is welded to the lower end of the cylindrical pipe, perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, the upper end serves as a filler hole, a cap is screwed on it and a narrow exchange hole is made near the bottom. The vessel is made high to provide the largest possible area of the wet part of the wick, therefore, the greatest possible mass rate of evaporation of water. For the stability of the vessel at its bottom, 3 support projections are made at the greatest possible distance between them; for a round bottom, they should be at its edge of 120 arc degrees between them; further, the center of mass of the vessel with water should be on the axis of symmetry and possibly lower. The exchange opening should be narrow in order to maintain the water level with the smallest fluctuations, but a large one is not necessary, because the mass evaporation rate is low. For convenience, the exchange hole is equipped with a standard plug in the form of a bolt or other similar means. For the convenience of monitoring the operation of the humidifier, it is desirable to make the vessel transparent in order to top up the water in time.

Principle of action: when the vessel with water is placed on the pan so that the exchange hole is higher than the water level in the pan, the water will overcome external atmospheric pressure by its weight and will pour out of the exchange hole, but an increasing vacuum will appear above the water in the vessel, pressure on both sides the exchange hole will become equal for some time, the pouring of water from the vessel will be interrupted, but when a small amount of external air under the influence of various phenomena enters the vessel through the exchange hole, the vacuum in the vessel decreases, and some of the water spills out of the vessel, an oscillatory process of small frequency occurs: the exchange of volumes of air entering the vessel and water flowing out of it under the influence of gravity. When the water level in the pan rises above the upper edge of the exchange orifice, air cannot enter the vessel, the resulting rarefaction of the vapor-air mixture in the vessel will cause equal pressures on both sides of the exchange orifice, the water in the vessel is locked, the water level remains unchanged. But when the water level in the pan is lower than the upper edge of the exchange hole due to being absorbed into the wick, some volume of air pressed by atmospheric pressure and the volume of liquid flowing out of the vessel will exchange through the exchange hole, the water level will rise again above the exchange hole, so the water level will be oscillate slowly near the exchange hole, therefore, independently maintained unchanged with an acceptable error. The cross section of the exchange opening should be sufficient for free flow of fluid, i.e. without obstacles from the forces of water wetting the walls of the hole to ensure self-maintenance of the level in the pan, replenishing the absorption of water from the pan into the wick, and therefore, self-maintaining the equality of the average mass rate of absorption of water into the wick with the average rate of its evaporation from the wick in steady state. For the convenience of using the vessel, the exchange opening is provided with a known means for closing it when refueling the vessel and opening under the water level, for example, a screw plug with a standard wrench. After installing the vessel, wicks are hung on it. So the fito-support at the same time self-maintains the water level in the pan (while there is water in the vessel) and supports the wicks.

The advantage of this humidifier: the water level in the pan is self-supporting, as long as there is water in the vessel above the exchange hole; the water level in a transparent vessel is clearly visible through the translucent wick, and if it is not transparent, an observation slit is left between the edges of the wick (wicks). The vessel can be inserted through a horizontal ring in the fittings holder (in the fittings in the form of a cup holder), and the fittings are fastened with a pallet to prevent the vessel from tipping over (like the rest of fittings), now the fittings serves as a preventer to overturn the fittings. Further, this new purpose of phytosupport is not necessarily mentioned, but is meant for the humidifier to work in appropriate conditions, for example on ships.

The disadvantage of the device according to this claim: it is necessary to manufacture a corresponding vessel with a hermetically sealed lid and an exchange hole.

Explanation of claim 3 of the formula. The main difference from item 2: as a fit-in support, a corked bottle filled with water was used, placed on the pallet with its bottom. Hereinafter, the word “bottle” has an expanded meaning: film and cardboard bottles with a screw cap for, for example, food liquids have been added to glass and polymer bottles. An exchange hole is made in the bottle; since the exchange hole in the polymer bottle is much simpler, polymer bottles are advantageous in which the exchange hole can be made in the form of a puncture, for example, with the sharp end of a knife, as in a film-cardboard bottle, but the edge of the exchange hole will quickly become shaggy, so its edge Coat with water insoluble glue. But a polymer bottle is not a rigid vessel, but a springy one, therefore, when a portion of water flows out and a rarefied vapor-air mixture appears above it, the external pressure of the atmospheric air can slightly push the bottle wall inward, and with the next decrease in the water level in the sump, when the air enters into the bottle, its wall will spring together and take its previous position, therefore a larger volume of air will enter the bottle than into a rigid vessel, therefore a large portion of water will pour out, therefore, the water level will be maintained with large heights e fluctuations, and a film-cardboard bottle will give even greater level fluctuations. These bottles were not intended for use in humidifiers, therefore they are not adapted to the conditions for their use in humidifiers, and these conditions can be very different, for example, on ships, where bottles can tip over under the action of transverse forces on the pallet. To prevent the bottle from tipping over (hereinafter), the bottle with the wicks is placed on the pallet through the fit-support ring described in claim 1 of the formula, which is used here as a tipping preventer. The rest corresponds to the information from the explanations to the previous paragraphs. Such a humidifier is suitable for use in residential premises.

Benefit: Free use of waste bottles and improved ecology by reducing the mass speed of moving items to landfills.

Disadvantage: the bottle by the implementation of the exchange hole is rendered unusable for its main purpose.

Explanation of Clause 4. The main difference from item 3: instead of a bottle with an exchange hole, a whole upside-down bottle in the previously indicated wide meaning of the word with a screwed cap, which is inserted into the pan holder of the cap containing a short peg with a reverse thread, sufficient only for secure fastening with a screw-on castellated nut with elastic petals protruding from the nut upwards with the ability to prevent the cover from turning relative to the spring petals, and at the ends For a length equal to the height of the cover, inward thickenings were made with smooth surfaces allowing the cover to be inserted by bending the petals all the way into the castellated nut, while the said thickenings will go beyond the edge of the cover and press it against the castellated nut, but with the possibility of pull the bottle with the cap up. “Reverse thread” means that it is inverse to the thread on the neck of the bottle. The castellated nut is screwed onto the peg all the way, i.e. immobilized by friction. When turning the bottle, springy petals prevent the lid from turning with the bottle, so the bottle is unscrewed from the lid. In the wall-edge of the lid there is a radially exchange hole, mainly cylindrical, whose lower generatrix is located in the plane of the "bottom" of the lid in an inverted position. During operation, the bottle is rotated relative to the lid until water can flow from the bottle into the lid along the formed gap between the end of the bottle neck and the lid, and water flows through the exchange hole located above the bottom of the tray between the petals of the holder into the tray, i.e. does not block the possibility of air entering the bottle until the water level in the pan overlaps the exchange hole in the lid, i.e. when the phytosupport in the form of a bottle begins to fulfill its purpose. To install the exchange hole at a predetermined level, interchangeable nuts of the appropriate length are provided.

Advantage: saved bottle.

Explanation of Clause 5. The main difference from item 3: instead of the whole bottle, an inverted standard used film-cardboard packaging for liquid food products, filled with water and inserted into a pallet, made mainly in the form of a cut-off bottom of the same package, was used as a fit-in support. The expression "used packaging" means that it was opened, and now it is similar, from the point of view of its use as an urban support, to a whole sealed bottle with an exchange hole according to claim 3, but with malleable walls, therefore, it cannot be reliably turned upside down stand on a wide pallet, so it is inserted into a pallet made from the bottom of the same package, the walls of which prevent deformation of the package wall. The height of the pan is between the requirement that water does not leak out of it and the condition for the highest height of the wet part of the wicks above the edge of the pan. Wet thin wicks are stuck to the concave walls of the package so that they do not touch the edges of the pallet, otherwise water from the wicks will moisten the edges of the pallet and will drain along the outer surface of the walls of the pallet.

The disadvantages of this humidifier: low reliability and short service life.

The advantage of such a humidifier-cleaner is the speed of production (a few minutes with two packages) and an increase in ecology, because the mass speed of moving used packages to landfills decreases.

As a prototype of the method of using a humidifier-air purifier, the principle of operation of the device prototype, which is clear from its drawing, is selected, with this method the wick 9 is placed upward, for which the elastic wick 9 is lowered to the bottom of the pan 6 with the possibility of a wick flow of water above the water level in it water is poured into the pan 6, the humidifier is maintained in operability by preventing the ends of the wicks from drying out by timely pouring water into the pan 6 manually and the contaminated wick is replaced 9/3 /. The prototype of the method performs its purpose.

The disadvantages of the prototype method:

1. Low humidification due to the small width and height of the wick 9 above the edge of the pallet 6.

2. Constantly decreasing air humidification due to an increase in the distance from the water level to the tops 10 of the wick 9 due to the constantly decreasing water level in a relatively deep pan 6, which tapers below half its height, which further reduces the performance of the humidifier.

3. Air purification by wick 9 and strands 10 is not provided.

The technical result of the invention of a method of using a humidifier is the elimination of these disadvantages.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that (6) in the method of humidification-purification of air, in which the wick is placed upward with the possibility of the occurrence of a wick flow of water above the water level, water is poured into the pan, its level is maintained by pouring water as necessary and replaced a contaminated wick, according to the invention, hang on the fit support the tape main and measuring wicks with their midpoints, the ends of which fall to the bottom of the pallet, maintain the specified lowest permissible water level in pallet, measure air humidity in a given volume with a moisture meter, measure the concentration of substances in the measuring wick; Further

(7) install on the pallet the fito-support according to claim 2 in the form of a vessel with water only with an exchange hole in the bottom part and hang the wicks with their midpoints on it; Besides,

(8) install a clogged water bottle with an exchange hole in the bottom part on a pallet and hang the wicks with their midpoints on it; Further

(9) insert the whole inverted water-filled bottle with its screwed cap with the exchange hole in the pan holder, turn the bottle until water emerges from the exchange hole and hang the wicks with their midpoints on it, finally

(10) fill the standard film-cardboard packaging for liquid food products with water, squeezing the edges of its sides, put on it a pallet cut from preferably the same packaging, quickly turn up the assembled ur-holder and put it in place, hang the wicks on the packaging, refueling their ends to the bottom of the pallet without touching the edges of the pallet, check the operation of the humidifier.

Explanation of the claims on the method of using humidifier-air purifiers.

Explanation of Clause 6. “Hang wicks” means that they are not fixed, are held by frictional forces, therefore hanging wicks on the fit support, i.e. assembly of the humidifier-cleaner is quick, as is their removal. Signs: “hang the wicks with their midpoints” and “their ends lie at the bottom of the pallet”, ensure the balance of the sides of the wicks, therefore, under normal circumstances, there are no forces that would try to pull the wicks from the console in one direction, and when filling the pallet with water, they will simultaneously start the wick flows of water rise, so the weight of each branch (left and right) will remain almost equal, so the wicks will remain on the console. The water level continuously decreases, after an unknown time, the wick will be on a dry bottom, will begin to dry itself, the humidifier will stop working. To prevent this, set the duration of the humidifier in the steady state, for example, the night time between shifts (9 hours, with a margin), Fill the pan almost completely with water, mark its level on the wall of the pan, after 9 hours mark the water level, if the wall is vertical, the distance between the two level marks there is a predetermined minimum permissible water level, count this distance from the bottom and put a sign of a predetermined minimum permissible water level in the pan. If the wall of the pallet is tilted, calculate how much to raise this icon, lift it and check it with repeated experience. Under constant operating conditions, water is added to the end of the set time. Humidity is constantly measured with a room moisture meter, such as a hygrometer. On the wet parts of the wicks, gases dissolve in water, dust particles and microorganisms stick to the water in the wick, the air becomes cleaner. At a given time, the measuring wick is removed, placed in a sealed carrier, for example, a test tube, delivered to a concentration meter, mainly to a desktop laser spectrometer-computer concentration meter (Russian patents: “Laser-luminescent concentration meter with a beam chopper for minute measurement of the absolute concentration of luminescent11 and method of its use”, No. 23472 , March 31, 2006, “Laser luminescent concentrator, method for its use and method for manufacturing a light-cable terminal (options)”, No. 2356 032, 2005, etc.), which in less than a minute measure the concentrations of substances on the surface of the filter (air and possibly water) and at the ends lying below the water level (water and, possibly, air), after which it can be cleaned and returned to its place. Contaminated wicks are replaced with fresh ones. The evaporated liquid in the pan is filled up as necessary. Before use it is necessary to check the absence of measured substances in wicks and in liquids. If necessary, distilled water should be used. When necessary, the wicks are replaced, for example: on the wicks there is no sharp boundary between the still wet and already dry parts, there is a boundary strip, a hard crust of sediment gradually forms in the upper part of this strip (as in a teapot), poorly wetted by the liquid, so the liquid evaporates faster here , and the boundary of the dry crust is lowered, the performance of the evaporator is reduced.

The advantage of this method: ease of action.

Disadvantage: the need to monitor the water level in the pan. Explanation of Clause 7. The main difference from item 6: the fit support is replaced by fit fit in the form of a rigid vessel with an exchange hole. If the hole is calculated at a predetermined level, then fill the pan with water, taking into account the non-transfer of water over the edge when installing the vessel on the pallet, close the exchange hole, for example, by turning a known screw plug, adhesive tape, etc., screw the cap, fill the vessel with water, they close the lid, put the vessel on the pallet mainly in the horizontal ring of the phytosupport, which now serves as a preventer of the tipping of the phytosupport when moving the support for the humidifier, for example, in a ship. Open the exchange hole (by turning the screw cap, removing the adhesive tape, etc.), raise the vessel until the jet flows out of the exchange hole (to check its operation), immediately lower the vessel to the bottom, hang the wicks so that they do not block the exchange hole . Periodically monitor the rise of the boundaries of the wet parts of the wicks to a stop, if they have taken a predetermined position, observe the operation of the humidifier, if not occupied, look for the reasons for this and eliminate them. Water from the sump rises through the wicks, evaporates, the water level in the sump is maintained by portioned water flowing out of the vessel through the exchange hole. Observe the water level in a transparent vessel. The wicks are removed from the empty vessel, hanged on the ring overturn prevention ring so that the boundaries of the wet parts of the wicks do not change, close the exchange hole, open the lid of the vessel, fill it with water, etc., as described previously. With an opaque vessel, the water level in the pan is monitored, when the exchange hole is exposed, it is believed that the vessel is empty, and the previously described actions are performed to restore the humidifier. If the lid of the filling hole cannot be opened, the vessel is lowered into the water bath with the exchange hole upward, pressing it to the bottom of the bathtub with a load, such as a horseshoe-shaped one, air bubbles out of the vessel, the vacated volume fills the water. To speed up the filling of the vessel in this position, another same hole is made in the vessel, symmetrical to the exchange hole, air will “gush” through the exchange hole in the described position, and water will flow through the symmetrical hole into the vessel. To increase the specified operating time of the humidifier, a tile of calculated thickness is placed under the vessel on the bottom of the pan, if at the same time the exchange hole is at the level of the edge of the pan, then replace this pan with a deeper one, then proceed as described. There is now more water under the exchange hole, so it will take longer to evaporate. The rest is as in clause 6.

The advantage of this method: the water level in the pan is self-supporting while there is water in the vessel, and if the vessel is at least translucent, then the liquid level in the vessel is clearly visible through the translucent wick, and if it is not transparent, an inspection slit is left between the edges of the wick (wicks).

Disadvantage: the need to manufacture a vessel.

Explanation of Clause 8. The main difference from item 7: a fituric support in the form of a specially made vessel was replaced with a bottle with a bottom exchange hole, therefore, a few other steps were required: to fill with water, place the bottle in another vessel, most likely in a plastic bag, pour water through the throat into the bottle, part water is poured through the exchange hole into the bag, tightly fitting the increasingly heavy bottle, because most of the water remains in the bottle, the water level in the bag closes the exchange hole, the water from the bottle is no longer spilled It turns out that the bottle is filled with water, the bottle’s throat is clogged, for example, the cap is screwed on, the bottle is brought to the pallet, the bottle in the bag is placed on the pallet filled with water, the edge of the bag is released, it drops (make sure that water does not overflow the edge of the tray), remove the bag, further operate according to claim 7. If the bottle cannot be opened after one of the uses, the cargo is tied to the throat of the empty bottle with a short twine, the cargo with the bottle is drowned in a bath of water, the water will fill the bottle, after filling the bottle, repeat the steps described in paragraph 7, as applied to the bottle.

Explanation of Clause 9. The main difference from clause 8 is that the bottle with the exchange hole has been replaced with a whole bottle with a screw cap; therefore, in this clause, the steps in clause 9 change with respect to the whole bottle. Screw the crown nut of the required height onto the threaded peg in the center of the pan until it is full, fill the pan almost completely (the cork has a small volume), fill the bottle with water, screw the cap, deliver the bottle to the pallet, turn it over, insert it with the cap between the smooth thickenings of the petals until it stops the nut, the cap has gone beyond the thickenings that hold the cap. Unscrew the bottle from the lid until an end gap is formed between the bottle neck and the lid (the nut should be screwed onto the peg during such a turn, because it has a thread that is inverse to the bottle neck, but it is already screwed onto it completely), the water pours into the lid through this gap and along the radial exchange hole in the wall of the lid - into the pan, if this hole is not blocked by the water level in the pan (this level is maintained independently while there is water in the bottle), then proceed according to claim 8, with reference to the whole bottle. To replace the bottle, just pull it up, the edge of the cap will open the petals due to the smooth thickening at the ends of the petals and they will release the cap with the bottle. The rest is clear.

Explanation of Clause 10. The main difference from item 9: the bottle with a screw cap is replaced with the used standard film-cardboard packaging for food liquids, so some other steps were required in the method. Various sub-methods for performing this method are possible. For clarity, we assume that the package has the form of a parallelepiped with a square base. A pallet is made, for which the lower part of a given height, which will be a pallet, is cut from the same package. The main (evaporating) wicks are made, the width of which is predominantly less than the width of those faces of the package along which they will fall, and the length is equal to the perimeter of the package in height, for clarity, i.e. 2 heights and 2 widths of the peak. The width of the wicks is less than the width of the faces of the package, along which they will fall so that they do not fall between the edges of the pallet and the package, so that the wicks do not touch the edges of the pallet in its corners, so that water does not flow from them along the outer edges of the pallet. Fill the package with water, bend the edges of the package inward, while the ends of the edges of the package are slightly shifted to its vertical axis, so they do not interfere with putting the pallet on the package. Quickly put the pallet on the packaging and quickly lift them upside down 180 degrees around the horizontal axis: the urban support began to work. Hang the wicks on the packaging, tucking their ends to the bottom of the pallet so that they do not touch the edges of the pallet, so that water does not drain from the wicks on the outer sides of the pallet walls: the humidifier began to work. The good thing about this feature is the quick assembly of the humidifier. The disadvantage of this approach is that part of the water may splash out of the package-urp support, so its duration will be reduced. To eliminate this drawback, a more complicated way is possible: on the table edges with a gap between them, somewhat larger than the width of the packaging base, put a plate in the form of a plate of the same width and a length of approximately the width of three packaging bases, put the mentally used packaging, put on the mental trace of the package one on the other, the middle of the wicks so that the branches of the wicks are directed perpendicular to the walls of the package. On the combined midpoints of the wicks, narrower than the edges of the packaging, put the clean, used standard packaging, “used” means that it was opened, i.e. its weld in the form of a scallop (or corner) is cut off, the formed hole serves as an exchange hole. If the scallop is cut off, a parallelepiped vessel without the upper wall is formed, it is not completely filled with water, the wicks are lifted with a slight tightness by their ends, the ends are placed on the surface of the water, the edges of the packaging walls are slightly pressed to bend the ends of the ribs to the axis of the package if water has spilled, add water, put on a package a pallet made from the same package, squeeze the board and pallet with the palms of the hands with the necessary strength, quickly lift the package with the pallet 180 ° around the horizontal axis with a lift, put them on the pallet a horizontal surface, remove the plate, eliminating touch wicks pallet edges to prevent water dripping from the wick not on the outer surfaces of the tray, for this purpose, e.g., to cleave wet wicks to the walls of the packaging and is inserted between the edge of the pallet and do not wick water wettable sterzhenek. Other types of assembly of such fittings are possible, for example, you can lower the packaging and their pallet into the bath below the water level, put the pallet on the packaging, turn them in the water, remove them from the bath, put them on a horizontal surface, hang the wicks, insert their branches between the walls of the packaging and pallet, then proceed as described.

The described humidifier-air purifiers are useful in home, office, industrial premises, including clinics to maintain a given air humidity for patients, mainly after operations in the maxillofacial region and in the upper respiratory tract, because a person inhales air that passes along wound surfaces. They are useful not only for maintaining the health of patients, but also for medical staff. An increase in the concentration of harmful substances and bacteria on measuring wicks, determined with the help of laser-spectrocomputer concentrometers, and highlighting the concentration value during illumination of this wick with a laser beam, warns of the threat of intraclinical infection, therefore, it makes it possible to prevent it due to timely measures taken. The advantage of the group of inventions: the simplicity of devices and methods.

List of new basic terms with their definitions

“Wick support” (“wick support”) - means for holding the wick mounted on it in a predetermined position.

“The main wick” - a wide wick designed to evaporate water from the pan.

“Measuring wick” - a removable narrow wick designed for delivery to a concentrator.

“Level support” (“urban support”) is a means for maintaining a given level of water in the pan in the form of a high stable sealed vessel with an exchange hole in the bottom part, if it is filled with water and placed on the pallet.

“Exchange hole” is a hole in the bottom part of the urp support, through which approximately equal volumes of water leaving the urp support and the air entering it are exchanged when the water level in the pan decreases to about the middle of the cross section of this hole.

“Wick support” (“fit support”) is a combined means for simultaneously holding the wicks and the water level in the pallet in the form of a ur support with wicks hung on it. Used bottles, used standard film-cardboard packaging for food liquids, etc. can be used as fito-support.

List of analogues

1. Shustov V.P. “Device for humidification of air”, RF patent No. 2125210, MKI (2006.01) F24F 6/00, 1996-99.

2. Navolotsky Yu.A. "Air humidification system", RF patent No. 2360188, F24F 6/02, 2007-09.

3. Glowitz B. "Wick evaporator", US patent No. 2471949, class. 239-44, 1947-49 (prototype).

Claims (11)

1. Wick humidifier-air purifier containing a tray with water and a wick, characterized in that it is equipped with a stable wick support located on the pallet (wick), containing a vertical part and a horizontal part, on which a tape wick with a wet surface hanging on its center, falling to the bottom of the pallet with a depth of 10% of the height of the wet part of the wick, and at the edge of the pallet a calibration level gauge is made. 2. The humidifier according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a combined phytorelevel support (fittings) containing a level support (urn) placed on a pallet in the form of a stable rigid vessel with a neck, a hermetically sealed lid, with an exchange hole, and supply water above the exchange hole. 3. The humidifier according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fittings placed on the pallet in the form of a polymer corked bottle with an exchange hole, consumable water above the exchange hole. 4. The humidifier according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a fittings placed on the pallet with a pair of symmetric exchange holes. 5. The humidifier according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fittings in the form of an inverted used film-cardboard packaging for liquid food products with consumable water, the tray being made from the bottom of predominantly the same package. 6. The method of humidification-purification of air, in which the wick is placed upward with the possibility of the occurrence of a wick flow of water above the water level, water is poured into the pan, maintain its level by pouring water as necessary and replace the contaminated wick, characterized in that it is hung on the horizontal part of the fittings the tape wick with its middle, falling to the bottom of the pallet with a depth of 10% of the wet part of the wick, maintains the specified lowest permissible water level in the pallet. 7. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that the tape wick is hung on the fittings according to p. 2 with its middle falling down to the bottom of the pallet with a depth of 10% of the wet part of the wick, close the exchange hole for pouring water into the fittings, open the lid, pour water into the fittings, close the lid and open the exchange hole. 8. The method according to p. 7, characterized in that the pouring of water into the fittings is carried out by immersing it in water with an exchange hole up below the water level. 9. The method according to p. 7 or 8, characterized in that they put on the pallet a fittings with a pair of symmetrical holes. 10. The method according to p. 7, characterized in that they hang on the fittings according to p. 3 in the form of a polymer-clogged bottle with an exchange hole, the tape wick with its middle falling to the bottom of the pallet, to pour water into the fittings immerse it in water with the exchange hole up below water level. 11. The method according to p. 7, characterized in that the inverted pot according to p. 5 in the form of a used film-cardboard packaging is filled with water, pushing its edges to the vertical axis of symmetry, put on a pallet, cut out preferably from the same package, pressing the pallet to the fittings, quickly turn the assembled fittings with the tray around the horizontal axis, put them in the right place, hang the wick without touching the edge of the tray, check the operation of the humidifier.