RU2556778C2 - Method for coronary artery catheterisation and catheter for implementing it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to medicine, namely to cardiovascular surgery. A catheter for coronary artery catheterisation comprising some integral parts: proximal (IV), distal (I-II) with a tip and intermediate (III) parts in between. In the catheter for left coronary artery catheterisation, a junction point of the proximal (IV) and intermediate (III) parts forms a proximal bend. The distal (I-II) part is bent so as to provide a position of the tip catheter at the coronary artery mouth. The distal (I-II) part bend and the proximal bend face one way and are found on one side from the intermediate (III) part. The distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts bend face oppositely. In the catheter for right coronary artery catheterisation, a junction point of the proximal (IV) and intermediate (III) parts forms a proximal bend. The distal (I-II) part is bent so as to position the catheter tip at the coronary artery mouth with the distal (I-II) part bend and the proximal bend face one way and are found on many sides from the intermediate (III) part. The distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts bend face oppositely. A method for coronary artery catheterisation is implemented by the declared catheters.

EFFECT: group of inventions enables providing the coronary artery catheterisation from the venous approach where it is impossible to deliver the catheter through the artery by the original design of the catheters.

11 cl, 17 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

Coronary artery catheterization method and catheter for its implementation

Field of Invention

The proposed technical solution relates to medicine, namely to cardiology, and is intended for the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases, in particular coronary heart disease (CHD).

State of the art

Ischemia should be understood as a pathological condition characterized by a mismatch between the needs of the organ in its blood supply and real blood flow. This pathology occurs with atherosclerotic narrowing of the lumen of the artery, occlusion with a blood clot or spasm of the vessel.

Localization of the lesion in the vessels of the heart (impaired coronary circulation) leads to the development of various forms of IHD (myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, sudden coronary death and others).

The heart muscle is supplied with oxygen and nutrients from the right and left coronary arteries, which extend from the root (gate) of the aorta, directly above the valves of the aortic valve. Coronary arteries (that is, vessels that deliver blood to the myocardium) are the only source of blood supply to the myocardium, so stenosis (narrowing of the gaps) of these vessels is so critical.

If the organ suffered prolonged acute ischemia, then the restoration of blood flow in it (reperfusion) is accompanied by reperfusion tissue damage.

Damage to the heart during ischemia, as well as the possibility of reperfusion complications, make the search and development of anti-ischemic protection devices relevant.

In case of acute myocardial infarction, the most effective treatment (therapy) is the method of emergency balloon angioplasty and stenting of the coronary arteries, which can significantly reduce mortality and the incidence of major complications of the disease.

On the other hand, the correctness of the prescribed treatment depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis.

One of the modern means of diagnosing coronary heart disease is coronary angiography (or coronarography) - the study of the blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries) by introducing radiopaque substances. The use of angiography makes it possible to visualize the vessels of the heart, evaluate their anatomy, size, lumen, contour. Probing of coronary arteries allows not only determining their condition, verifying the diagnosis, but also determining indications for endovascular, surgical or conservative treatment.

Both diagnostic tools and treatment tools require catheterization of the blood vessels of the heart.

Coronary interventions are traditionally performed according to the method of Jadkins (Judkins M.R.) with catheterization through the femoral artery. An alternative is access through the radial artery.

The disadvantage of this approach is the arterial access itself, which significantly limits the size (diameter) of the catheters used and is associated with a number of serious complications, such as bleeding, thrombosis, large vessel disection, acute ischemia, and many others, including the death of the patient. Among other things, in some cases (lack of pulse, aortic dissection), catheterization by arterial access is technically impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to overcome the limitations and complications of traditional coronary interventions and the development of an alternative method of access to the coronary arteries, in particular the method of their catheterization.

This problem is solved by the fact that a method of coronary artery catheterization is proposed, in which a catheter is inserted through the venous system into the right atrium, then the atrial septum passes, the catheter is inserted into the left atrium, then the left ventricle and into the ascending aorta to the mouth of the coronary arteries.

When implementing this method, a catheter is used, the distal end of which, when it enters the ascending aorta, is located opposite the mouth of the coronary artery.

In one embodiment, the catheterization of the invention is performed for the purpose of angiography.

Catheters for catheterization of the coronary arteries are also proposed, made in a form that ensures the distal end of the catheter is placed opposite the mouth of the coronary artery when the catheter is inserted into the ascending aorta through the left ventricle.

In one embodiment of the catheterization of the invention, such a catheter is intended for angiography.

It is advisable when the catheter according to the invention consists of 3 parts made as a whole: proximal, vertical and horizontal (distal), and the junction of the proximal part and the vertical part (proximal bend) is the region that is in the working position of the catheter inside the left ventricle moreover, the other end of the vertical part in the working position of the catheter is outside the left ventricle in the ascending part of the aorta, and the horizontal part is in the ascending part of the aorta and is bent in this way That provides the location of the catheter tip at the mouth of the coronary artery.

In some embodiments, the end of the catheter of the invention is shaped as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, or 10, or 12, or 17.

In one embodiment, a catheter for the left coronary artery is proposed, characterized in that the horizontal part of the catheter is bent and the distance from the tip of the catheter to the central bend point of the horizontal part is from 2 to 32 mm, for example 9 mm, the distance from the specified central bend point is horizontal parts to the center point of the bend between the horizontal and vertical parts of the catheter is from 2 to 62 mm, for example 16 mm, and the distance from the specified center point of bend between the horizontal and vertical the length of the catheter to the central point of the proximal bend is from 12 to 200 mm, for example 73 mm, and the bend of the horizontal part and the proximal bend are made in one direction and are on the same side of the vertical part, and the bend between the horizontal and vertical parts is opposite to them, the bend of the horizontal part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 40-110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (on average), the bend between the horizontal and vertical part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, preferably 40-60 °, even more preferably about 45 ° (average), the proximal bend has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 40-60 °, even more preferably about 45 ° (average), and the vertical part itself can be bent at an angle of up to 10 °, more preferably 40-120 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (average). The catheter has a round shape, conditionally the letter "O". The sizes of the parts correspond to the sizes of the corresponding departments of the heart.

In another embodiment, a catheter for the left coronary artery is proposed, characterized in that the horizontal part of the catheter is made with two bends and the distance from the tip of the catheter to the center point of the first bend of the horizontal part is from 2 to 32 mm, for example 35 mm, the distance from the center point of the first bend horizontal part to the center point of the second bend of the horizontal part is from 2 to 120 mm, for example 29 mm, the distance from the center point of the second bend of the horizontal part to the center point of the bend and between the horizontal and vertical parts of the catheter is from 2 to 80 mm, for example 29 mm, and the distance from the specified central part of the catheter between the horizontal and vertical parts of the catheter to the central point of the proximal bend is from 2 to 200 mm, for example 38 mm, the first bend the horizontal part and the proximal bend are made in opposite directions and are on the same side from the vertical part, while the first bend of the horizontal part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably up to 110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (on average), the second bend of the horizontal part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 40-110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (on average), the bend between the horizontal and vertical part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 80-110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (average), the proximal bend has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 40-110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (average), and the vertical part itself can be bent at an angle of up to 10 °. The proximal bend is such that it forms a circle, and the horizontal part together with the vertical resemble the letter “M”. The sizes of the parts correspond to the sizes of the corresponding departments of the heart. The tip of the catheter can be further bent to provide access to the coronary artery.

In another embodiment, a catheter for the right coronary artery is proposed, characterized in that the horizontal part of the catheter is bent and the distance from the tip of the catheter to the central bend point of the horizontal part is from 2 to 32 mm, for example 9 mm, the distance from the specified tip of the catheter to the central the bending point between the horizontal and vertical parts of the catheter is from 4 to 80 mm, for example 29 mm, and the distance from the specified central bending point between the horizontal and vertical parts of the catheter is cent the total point of the proximal bend is from 6 to 220 mm, for example 41 mm, and the bend of the horizontal part and the proximal bend are made in the same direction and are located on different sides of the vertical part, while the bend of the horizontal part has an angle of 90 to 180 °, more preferably 90 -170 °, even more preferably about 110 ° (average), the bend between the horizontal and vertical parts has an angle of 10 to 179 °, more preferably 40-110 °, even more preferably about 90 ° (on average), the proximal bend has angle from 10 to 179 °, more than respectfully 40-110 °, even more preferably about 70 ° (average), and the vertical part itself may have two bends with an angle of 180 to 10 °, more preferably 90-140 °, even more preferably about 110 ° (average) .

The bend angle is the angle formed by two tangent lines. All bends are smooth.

The proximal part of the catheter is the part closest to the operator. The distal part is the part closest to the coronary artery. The proximal part of the catheter on one side forms a "proximal bend" when connected to the "vertical part", and the other end of the proximal part in the working position is outside the human body and surgical procedures are performed through it. The proximal length may be of the order of 900 mm.

The novelty of the proposed method consists in the fact that a fundamentally new, previously not performed either in the clinic or in the experiment, path of the catheter to the coronary arteries has been proposed. Unlike the traditional method, this method allows antegrade (i.e., blood flow) access to the arteries of the heart through the femoral venous access, the right, left atrium and left ventricle to the aortic root.

The proposed method allows access to the coronary arteries in cases where there are contraindications for traditional arterial access.

The proposed method provides the ability to perform coronarography and percutaneous coronary interventions without the need for puncture of peripheral arteries, which in a number of pathological conditions is the only way to perform endovascular diagnosis or treatment. This method also allows you to completely avoid complications associated with arterial access.

The advantages of this method include the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of the therapy with a safe increase in the therapeutic dose and eliminating the undesirable effects of certain pharmaceuticals (for example, thrombolytics) by reducing the risk of bleeding from the puncture site.

The inventive method, in addition, allows you to perform coronary angiography and / or percutaneous coronary interventions for patients simultaneously with other endovascular procedures performed by emergency access, such as radiofrequency ablation.

A brief description of the graphic materials

FIG. 1. The guide wire 0.035 ′ was drawn from the inferior vena cava into the right atrium, then through the defect in the interatrial septum into the left atrium, then into the left ventricle and into the ascending and then into the descending aorta.

FIG. 2. Selective coronarography of the left coronary artery.

1. Supporting catheter

2. Catheter modification 1

3. Left coronary artery

FIG. 3. Selective coronarography of the right coronary artery.

4. Guide catheter to support

5. Catheter modification 2

6. Right coronary artery

FIG. 4 Coronarogram of the left coronary artery, transvenous access. Stenosis of the anterior descending artery (arrow).

FIG. 5. Transplantation of coronary stent implantation.

FIG. 6. The final result after stenting.

FIG. 7. Catheter for the left coronary artery (OsievO).

The catheter consists of four bends: I-II. The horizontal part of the catheter (distal part, including the tip of the catheter)

III. Catheter vertical

IV. Rigid and proximal part of the catheter to the middle of the proximal bend.

FIG. 8. Catheter for the left coronary artery (OsievO).

Dimensions:

Distances

7 - from the tip to the central part of the angle d 2-32 mm

8 - from the central part of the angle d to the center of the angle from 2-62 mm

9 - from the central part of the angle c to the center of the angle a 12-200 mm

Angles

a - 10-179 °

b - 10-180 °

c - 10-179 °

d - 10-179 °

FIG. 9. The position of the catheter for the left coronary artery (OsievO) relative to the structures of the heart and major vessels.

10. Catheter

11. The cavity of the right ventricle

12. The cavity of the right atrium

13. The cavity of the left atrium

14. The cavity of the left ventricle

15. The inferior vena cava

16. superior vena cava

17. Ascending aorta

FIG. 10. Catheter for the left coronary artery (OsievM). Consists of four bends.

Distances

18 - from the tip to the central part of the angle d 2-32 mm

19 - from the central part of the angle d to the center of the angle from 2-120 mm

20 - from the central part of the angle c to the center of the angle b 2-80 mm

21 - from the central part of the angle c to the center of the angle a 2-120 mm

Angles

a - 10-179 °

b - 10-179 °

c - 10-179 °

d - 10-179 °

FIG. 11. The position of the catheter for the left coronary artery (OsievM) relative to the structures of the heart and major vessels.

10. Catheter

11. The cavity of the right ventricle

12. The cavity of the right atrium

13. The cavity of the left atrium

14. The cavity of the left ventricle

15. The inferior vena cava

16. superior vena cava

17. Ascending aorta

FIG. 12. Catheter for the right coronary artery (OsievR). Consists of five bends.

Distances

22 - from the tip to the central part of the angle e 2-32 mm

23 - from the tip to the center of the angle d 4-80 mm

24 - from the central part of the angle d to the center of the angle a 6-220 mm

Angles

a - 10-179 °

b - 10-180 °

c - 10-180 °

d - 10-179 °

e - 90-180 °

FIG. 13. The position of the catheter catheter for the right coronary artery (OsievR) relative to the structures of the heart and major vessels.

10. Catheter

11. The cavity of the right ventricle

12. The cavity of the right atrium

13. The cavity of the left atrium

14. The cavity of the left ventricle

15. The inferior vena cava

16. superior vena cava

17. Ascending aorta

FIG. 14. The heart of man.

11. The cavity of the right ventricle

12. The cavity of the right atrium

13. The cavity of the left atrium

14. The cavity of the left ventricle

15. The inferior vena cava

16. superior vena cava

17. Ascending aorta

25. Pulmonary trunk

26. Pulmonary veins

27. Mitral valve

28. Aortic valve

29. Tricuspid valve

30. Pulmonary valve

FIG. 15. Coronary arteries of the heart.

31. Right coronary artery

32. Left coronary artery

33. Anterior descending artery

FIG. 16A-16B. Forms of traditional catheters.

FIG. 17. Catheters according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Although penetration into the left atrium via venous access with puncture of the atrial septum has been proposed in the literature (US 6241728), this method has never been used for interventions on coronary arteries.

The author of this invention found that a simple change in the shape of a standard catheter is enough to manipulate and catheterize the coronary arteries through the left atrium (via venous access with puncture of the atrial septum).

The author of this invention carried out a number of successful operations using this technique, which confirms the possibility of realizing this unexpected from the point of view of a conventional specialist catheterization technique.

In traditional catheterization, an artery (femoral or radial) is punctured, the catheter is inserted through the artery through the conductor into the ascending aorta, where, thanks to a specially selected tip shape, it is located so that the distal end of the catheter is at the mouth of the coronary artery (left or right).

For traditional catheterization with access to the coronary arteries through the peripheral arteries and the aorta, a number of catheters manufactured on an industrial scale are used.

Known catheters can conditionally be divided into several groups that differ in shape of the distal part and diameter (see Fig. 16). Standard types of diagnostic catheters include Judkins catheters for the left and right coronary arteries with different bending lengths (from 1 (3) to 6 cm) and different catheter tip lengths (standard lengths up to 2 cm and shortened up to 1 cm) as well as Amplatz catheters with different bending radius - from 1 to 3 cm (also for the left and right coronary arteries). Catheters are characterized by different angles and directional bending of the tip, in particular in the horizontal plane.

However, despite the variety of catheters in architecture, outer and inner diameters, they all have one thing in common: all catheters are made of radiopaque material - a polymer and are single-lumen. All catheters are a hollow polymer tube with a length of 60 cm to 200 cm, an outer diameter of 3 to 21F (1-7 mm). Until recently, this was quite satisfying for practitioners in the field of invasive cardiology.

Moreover, none of the existing catheters is adapted for catheterization of the coronary arteries through venous access, since their bends do not allow the formation of the heart and selectively establish the tip of the catheter to the mouths of the coronary arteries.

A characteristic difference of the catheters according to the invention from existing diagnostic and guide catheters is the forms characteristic of these catheters, defined by the bends and angles of the end of the catheter, allowing the catheter tip to freely enter the mouth of the coronary artery. The proposed catheters repeat the formation of the heart.

The catheter according to the invention consists of a hard part and a soft part. The total length of the catheter can be 100 cm. The soft part (0.1-30 cm) starts from the point indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7, and goes to the distal end of the catheter (to the tip, which is located at the mouth of the coronary arteries).

The author suggests using the following forms of catheters:

1. A catheter for probing the left coronary artery (Fig. 7-9), characterized in that it makes characteristic bends at a distance of 4 to 40 cm from the distal tip (OsievM - 1, OsievM - 2., 3., 3.5., 4.0. , 4.5., Then to 10). All intermediate options may exist, for example, OsievM 3.75, OsievM 2.24 and others. The catheter is so named due to the fact that outwardly one of the sites resembles the letter "M".

2. A catheter for sensing the left coronary artery (Fig. 10-11), characterized in that it makes characteristic bends at a distance from the distal tip from 4 to 20 cm (OsievO - 1., OsievO - 2., 3.5., 4.0., 4.5., Then to 10). All intermediate options may exist, for example, OsievO 3.75, OsievO 2.24 and others. The catheter is so named due to the fact that outwardly one of the sites resembles the letter “O”.

3. Catheter for probing the right coronary artery OsievR R - Means the right (Right) (Fig. 12-13), characterized in that it makes characteristic bends at a distance from the distal tip from 4 to 20 cm (OsievR -1., OsievR - 2 ., 3.0., 3.5., 4.0., 4.5, then to 10). All intermediate options may exist, for example, OsievR 3.75, OsievR 2.24 and others.

The catheterization technique is as follows. Under local anesthesia, a puncture (according to Seldinger) of the right or left femoral vein is performed. A diagnostic catheter, such as PigTale, is inserted through the inserted introducer, on a diagnostic conductor, for example 0.35 ″, the catheter is inserted through the inferior vena cava into the right atrium and then through the defect in the interatrial septum (or after trapeptal puncture) into the left atrium, then through the mitral valve to the left ventricle and through the aortic valve into the aorta. The standard length diagnostic wire is replaced with a 300 mm diagnostic wire. Specially formed catheters according to the invention are inserted up to the aortic sinuses along this conductor, the diagnostic conductor is removed, and then the required manipulation is performed, for example, selective angiography of the coronary arteries or stenting.

The method of catheterization proposed by the author and catheters were used in coronary angiography and stenting of the coronary arteries.

Coronarography

Coronary artery studies have been performed in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD).

The study group included patients with secondary ASD from the age of 45 years with indications for coronary angiography. Each patient gave voluntary, written informed consent to use the method. To exclude the presence of blood clots in the cavity of the left atrial abdominal cavity, a transesophageal echocardiography was performed.

All patients underwent coronarography according to the following method.

Catheterization Procedure:

Step 1: Pelvic femoral vein puncture according to Seldinger to install the introducer sheath.

Step 2: A diagnostic catheter, such as JR 3.5, is inserted through a venous blood stream into the right atrium through the inferior vena cava, using a diagnostic conductor, such as 0.35 ″ J type 300 cm. The conductor is then used to prepare for transeptal puncture.

Step 3: Atrial septal puncture. This step may not apply if there is an open oval window or a defect in the partition.

Step 4: Holding a conductor, for example 0.35 ″ J type 300 cm, into the left atrium.

Step 5: Conducting a catheter, such as JL 4.0, and a guide, for example 0.35 ″ J type 300 cm, through the left atrium and left ventricle into the aorta, bypassing the mitral and aortic valves (Fig. 1).

Step 6: The conductor is left in the aorta (it is better to go to the descending section), and the catheter is replaced with a new catheter, made with access to the mouth of the coronary artery.

Step 7: Coronary artery catheterization itself and coronary angiography (Fig. 2-3).

Catheters configured to access the mouth of the coronary artery were made by the inventor (Fig. 17). Several types of catheters were used (Figs. 7-13, 17).

Coronary angiography should be performed in normal projections. To do this, we used a contrast medium (Optiree (Yoversol) 350 from Tyco (USA)), injected through the lumen of a coronary catheter with a Luer syringe, or with an ACIST (USA) infusion pump,

X-ray control and digital recording of the results was carried out using an Innova 4100 X-ray diagnostic angiographic unit from GE (USA).

Results.

Selective coronarography was successfully performed in all patients. However, during the passage of the left ventricle, in each case, a rhythm disturbance was recorded. No other complications were recorded. The main characteristics of the interventions are shown in table 2.

Stenting

The first clinical example of successful coronary stent implantation was a patient with an atrial septal defect according to the results of echocardiography. Coronarography: Surgically significant stenosis of the anterior descending artery (Fig. 4). Positive treadmill test. Performed angioplasty with stenting of the target artery using the antegrade venous access according to the invention (Fig. 5) with excellent angiographic result (Fig. 6).

The method proposed by the author is extremely useful in certain clinical situations, and sometimes it is the only possible method for performing the intervention. In practice, cardiologist surgeons have to deal with bilateral occlusion of the iliac and (or) subclavian arteries, various types and structural features of the aorta, brachiocephalic arteries. In such situations, the venous access technique is often not only the best, but also the only one possible for performing endovascular coronary intervention. Such situations are increasingly found in clinical practice, and their number will only grow. It should be emphasized that this approach can also be used for non-coronary other interventions. There is experience of using this access for stenting of brachiocephalic arteries.

The authors demonstrated the possibility and safety of the proposed method for the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease and percutaneous coronary interventions.

Claims (11)

1. A catheter for catheterization of the coronary arteries, consisting of parts made as a whole: proximal (IV), distal (I-II) with a tip and an intermediate (III) part located between them, characterized in that it is made for catheterization of the left coronary artery wherein the junction of the proximal (IV) and intermediate (III) parts forms a proximal bend, and the distal (I-II) part is bent so as to ensure the location of the catheter tip at the mouth of the coronary artery, and the bend of the distal part (I-II) and proxim The ial bend is made in one direction and is located on one side of the intermediate part (III), and the bend between the distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts is opposite to them. 2. The catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance from the tip of the catheter to the center point of bending (d) of the distal part (I-II) is from 2 to 32 mm, the distance from the center point of bending (d) of the distal part (I- II) to the central bend point (c) between the distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts is from 2 to 62 mm, and the distance from the central bend point (c) between the distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts to the central point of the proximal bend (a) is from 12 to 200 mm, while the bend of the distal part (d) has an angle of 10 to 179 °, the bend (c) ezhdu distal (III) and intermediate (III) portions has an angle from 10 to 179 °, the proximal bend (a) has an angle of from 10 to 179 °, and the intermediate (III) part bent at an angle of 10 °. 3. The catheter according to claim 1 or 2, the end of which has the form, as shown in Fig.7 and 8 or 17. 4. A catheter for catheterization of the coronary arteries, consisting of parts made as a whole: proximal (IV), distal (I-II) with a tip and an intermediate (III) part located between them, characterized in that it is made for catheterization of the left coronary artery wherein the junction of the proximal (IV) and intermediate (III) parts forms a proximal bend, and the distal (I-II) part is bent so as to ensure the location of the catheter tip at the mouth of the coronary artery, and the distal part (I-II) has two bend a, and the bend of the distal part (I-II) closest to the tip of the catheter and the proximal bend are made in opposite directions and the second bend of the distal part (I-II) is made in the same direction with the proximal bend and they are both on the same side intermediate part (III), and the bend between the distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts is opposite to the proximal bend. 5. The catheter according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance from the tip of the catheter to the center point of the first bend (d) of the distal part (I-II) is from 2 to 32 mm, the distance from the center point of the first bend (d) of the distal part ( I-II) to the center point of the second bend (c) of the distal (I-II) part is from 2 to 120 mm, the distance from the center point of the second bend (c) of the distal (I-II) part to the center point of bend (b) between the distal (I-II) and intermediate part of the catheter is from 2 to 80 mm, and the distance from the central bend point (b) between the dis the total (I-II) and intermediate part (III) of the catheter to the central point of the proximal bend (a) is from 2 to 200 mm, while the first bend (d) of the distal (I-II) part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, the second bend (c) of the distal (I-II) part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, the bend (b) between the distal (I-II) and the intermediate part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, the proximal bend (a) has an angle of 10 to 179 °, and the intermediate part itself can be bent at an angle of up to 10 °. 6. The catheter according to claim 4 or 5, the end of which has the form, as shown in Fig.10 or 17. 7. A catheter for catheterization of the coronary arteries, consisting of parts made as a whole: proximal (IV), distal (I-II) with a tip and an intermediate (III) part located between them, characterized in that it is made for catheterization of the right coronary artery wherein the junction of the proximal (IV) and intermediate (III) parts forms a proximal bend, and the distal (I-II) part is bent so as to ensure the location of the catheter tip at the mouth of the coronary artery, and the bend of the distal part (I-II) and proxies The small bend is made in one direction and is located on different sides from the intermediate part (III), and the bend between the distal (I-II) and intermediate (III) parts is opposite to them. 8. The catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that the distal (I-II) part of the catheter is made with a bend (e) and the distance from the tip of the catheter to the center point of the bend (e) of the distal (I-II) part is from 2 to 32 mm, the distance from the specified tip of the catheter to the central bend point (d) between the distal (I-II) and the intermediate (III) part of the catheter is from 4 to 80 mm, and the distance from the specified central point of bend (d) between the distal and intermediate the catheter to the center point of the proximal bend (a) is from 6 to 220 mm, while ib (e) of the distal part has an angle of 90 to 180 °, the bend (d) between the distal and intermediate part has an angle of 10 to 179 °, the proximal bend (a) has an angle of 10 to 179 °, and the intermediate part itself may have two bends with an angle from 180 to 10 °. 9. The catheter according to claim 7 or 8, the end of which has a shape, as shown in Fig.12 or 17. 10. The method of catheterization of the coronary arteries, including the introduction of a catheter according to any one of claims 1 to 9 through the venous system into the right atrium, then the interatrial septum passes, the catheter is inserted into the left atrium, then the left ventricle and into the ascending aorta to the mouth of the coronary arteries. 11. The method according to claim 10, where the catheterization is carried out in order to conduct angiography.

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