RU2556506C1 - Method of swing suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention main content consists in unification and simplification of swing suspensions from the crossbar owing to introduction of mid element between swing axis and points of the joint of suspensions.

EFFECT: improved manufacturability, higher safety.

5 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-mechanized attractions of small forms, namely, to the design of the suspension of a swing.

In general, all known swings contain the following basic elements: bearing supports, a crossbar mounted on racks, swing bearings fixed on a crossbar, pendants associated with swing supports, and a seat mounted on suspensions.

The subject of consideration in the claimed invention are methods for connecting suspensions with a swing axis and swing bearings.

State of the art

The most practical and durable are the swing, in which the swing axis is connected to the swing bearings, mounted on the crossbar through the rolling bearings.

To ensure the stability of the swing, technical regulations, and in particular GOST R 52167-2003, clause 5.4, stipulate the mandatory trapezoidal suspension of the swing, the shape and dimensions of which are determined depending on the height of the swing.

This is especially important for swings, which use flexible elements as seat suspensions.

The compulsory fulfillment of the requirements of the regulation forces manufacturers to set different center-to-center distances between swing supports for different swing heights.

Due to the fact that the bearings, especially with the use of rolling bearings, must be carefully centered, for various swings this causes certain technical and technological difficulties, which inevitably entails an increase in the cost of the structure.

In addition, in the context of the problem under consideration, it should be noted that the suspension on flexible elements with a reduced possibility of injury from collision with them have a number of significant disadvantages, which include:

- the need for a strict and accurate fit in the center, because distortions in the landing distort the rocking trajectory, which causes even fear in children, therefore only a child with certain skills can use such a swing on their own;

- such a swing is very difficult to swing forcibly from the side, since even a slight asymmetric application of force to one of the suspensions inevitably causes a rotational moment of the seat.

Therefore, despite the stringent requirements of the regulations, the swing on stiff suspensions still has the greatest distribution in practice.

Well-known technical solutions are swing designs made, in particular, by Armez OJSC (http://www.armez.ru), Sedin-tehmashstroy LLC (http: //www.sedin- http://the.ru ), ZAO KSIL (http://www.ksil.ru).

The closest technical solution is the swing according to the patent for utility model RU No. 43778, application No. 2004128616/20 and the prototypes described in the application, manufactured by Vivana LLC, Moscow, catalog 2001

From the materials of the application and the sources listed in it, it is known that there are three principal varieties of swing suspensions through bearing bearings on the crossbar:

A) housings of rolling bearings are fixed on the crossbar, a rigid axis is inserted into the bearings at their ends, on which the suspensions are fixed;

B) bearing housings are fixed on the crossbar, each of the suspensions is connected to its housing and bearing using a pair of ears that are pulled together on the inner race of the bearing by a bolt;

C) two pairs of ears are fixed on the crossbar, pendants are attached to the bearing housings, and the bearings are connected to the ears with the help of two axes inserted into the ears and in the inner race of the bearings. Most often, a bolt is used as an axis.

The most stable, reliable and functional are the suspensions according to option “A”.

Firstly, regardless of the type of suspension (rigid or flexible), they ensure the stability of the suspension in the plane of swing regardless of the degree of wear or distortion of any bearing, and even when any of them are stuck.

A rigid central axis evens out the moment of rolling resistance and evenly distributes it to both suspensions.

The main disadvantage of such a suspension, especially with pendants on flexible elements, is that for different heights of the swing, it is necessary to provide different distances between the supports, which is not technologically advanced.

Options “B” and “C” are essentially identical to each other - separate attachment of suspensions (each on its own swing support).

These options have a significant drawback in principle.

Even the slightest difference in rolling resistance due to misalignment or bearing wear in one of the suspension supports affects the stability of the seat in the swing plane. This is especially sharply felt in the suspension on flexible elements.

Partially to compensate for this disadvantage is possible only with the use of rigid suspensions rigidly connected with a rigid frame seat (http://cM.www.ksil.ru, product code 4153).

This leads to an increase in metal consumption and, accordingly, the mass of the suspended parts, which is not safe.

In addition, the manufacturability of manufacturing such a swing is further aggravated by the fact that the supports must not only be spaced apart depending on the height, but they must also be carefully centered.

The technical solution to the problem is to create a swing suspension in which the previously mentioned disadvantages of the known solutions would be eliminated.

The specified goal in general is achieved as follows:

On the crossbar with a constant center-to-center distance, the rolling bearings with the rolling bearings inside or two pairs of ears for the rolling bearings are coaxially fixed.

An intermediate element is connected to the swing axis, at the ends of which they are fixed regardless of the suspension structure (rigid or flexible).

Moreover, depending on the height of the swing, only the distance between the ends of the intermediate element changes.

And the configuration of the intermediate element can allow swinging without swinging the suspensions swing both horizontal and vertical external application of effort, regardless of whether the suspension is used - rigid or flexible.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

FIG. 1. The front view shows the suspension of the seats with rolling bearing housings mounted on the crossbar using a simplified version of the intermediate element and direct mounting on the swing axis.

FIG. 2. The side view shows single seat suspensions with rolling bearing housings mounted on the crossbar using a simplified version of the intermediate element with direct mounting on the swing axis.

FIG. 3. The front view shows a diagram of the suspension of seats with rolling bearing housings mounted on the crossbar using a simplified version of the intermediate element, conditionally connected to the swing axis using two pairs of ears rigidly fixed on it.

FIG. 4. The front view shows the suspension scheme of the seats with two pairs of ears fixed on the crossbar using a simplified version of the intermediate element, conditionally connected to the swing axis using two rolling bearing housings rigidly fixed on it.

FIG. 5. The front view shows an intermediate element of a special shape, directly connected to the swing axis, with single flexible suspensions.

FIG. 6. The side view shows an intermediate element of a special shape directly connected to the swing axis, with single flexible suspensions and the horizontal swinging force “P” application scheme.

FIG. 7. The front view shows a variant of the flexible triangular suspension of the seats with increased stability using an intermediate element of a special shape and the application circuit of the horizontal swinging force "P".

FIG. 8. A side view schematically shows a suspension device equipped with a hanging leash, which provides swinging of the swing by a vertical application of force “F”.

FIG. 9. The side view schematically shows the articulation of the intermediate element with the swing axis, providing a 180 ° rotation of the seat.

FIG. 10. The side view shows a variant of the suspension.

FIG. 11. The top view shows the design of quick-release suspensions.

FIG. 12. The front view shows the unified mount of the swing bearings on the crossbar.

The following notation is used in the above figures:

1. The crossbar.

2. Intermediate fastening.

3. Bearing housing.

4. Bearing.

5. The axis of swing.

6. Protective cap.

7. Circlip.

8. The bar of the intermediate element.

9. Communication.

10. The suspension.

11. The seat.

12. The ears.

13. The shoulders.

14. The intermediate element.

15. The seat.

16. Branch.

17. Lever 17.

18. Leash.

19. The handle.

20. The sleeve.

21. Finger.

22. The pin.

23. The spring.

24. Socket connector.

25. Slider.

26. The hole.

27. The spring latch.

28. Latch.

29. Ears.

30. Spacer.

31. Support swing.

32. Intermediate bracket.

33. Communication.

a, b, c, d - designation of options;

P is the horizontal force;

F is the vertical force.

On the crossbar 1 of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 directly or using intermediate fasteners 2 with a constant center-to-center distance, the housings 3 of the rolling bearings 4 are fixed.

Equipped with pins, the swing axis 5 is included in the inner race of the bearings 4.

After installation, the axis 5 and the bearings 4 are fixed through the protective caps 6 circlip 7.

An intermediate element consisting of a strap 8 and ties 9, with the help of ties 9 is mounted directly on the axis 5.

At the ends of the strap 8, pendants 10 are fixed, holding the seat 11, and the variant design of the strap 8 may be different. It can be straightforward - "a", or in the form of a U-shaped bracket - option "b".

Depending on the height of the swing, only the distance between the ends of the strip 8 of the intermediate element changes.

The connection of the intermediate element with the swing axis can be conditional.

For example, on the bar 8 of the intermediate element of FIG. 3, two pairs of ears 12 are fixed, which are connected to the bearings in the housings 3, mounted on the crossbar 1 using intermediate fasteners 2.

A variant of the conditional connection of the intermediate element is possible when, using the intermediate element 2, the bearing housings 3 are fixed on the strip of the intermediate element 8.

Moreover, on the transverse beam 1 of FIG. 4, two pairs of ears 12 are fixed, and the connection of the intermediate element with the bearing housings 3 is carried out using intermediate fasteners 2.

To swing a child sitting on a side swing with a horizontal application of force to any of the suspension branches, the intermediate element can be made in a special form, for example, in the form of a trapezoid 13 of FIG. 5, FIG. 6.

Suspension 10 is attached to the base of the trapezoid 13, and with the swing axis 5, as an option, it can be mounted directly.

An adult or other child accompanying the child, standing on the side and applying a “P” force. FIG. 6, in a horizontal plane to one of the shoulders of the intermediate element 13, automatically, due to the rigidity of the intermediate element, transfers this force to the other branch of the suspension.

This eliminates even the possibility of a torque distorting the swing plane, and guarantees a stable sitting position in the swing plane.

The stability of flexible suspensions can be enhanced by suspending the seat on four branches, converging on the sides to the center of swing.

For this, the intermediate element 14 may be of a special shape of FIG. 7.

The seat 15 is suspended on four flexible branches 16 on the sides, converging in the center of swing.

At a certain distance from the seat, the flexible branches 16 are connected on the sides with a special intermediate element 14.

With this suspension scheme, the stability of the seat is increased and at the same time, the swing can swing out by the horizontal application of the “P” force to the intermediate element 7.

Rocking a swing with a horizontal application of force from a physical point of view is not entirely convenient on the one hand. On the other hand, to maintain the amplitude of the already swinging swings, a lot of effort is not required.

In order to ensure convenience and reduce fatigue of the accompanying adult, the lever 17 is fixed at one end to the intermediate element or directly to the axis perpendicular to the swing axis, FIG. 8.

On the other free end of the lever 17 is suspended on a flexible connection hanging leash 18 with a handle 19.

By applying a small vertical force "F" to the leash, you can maintain the swing at a given amplitude, making a convenient physiological movement of the hand from top to bottom.

The initial swing of the swing to a given amplitude can be achieved by horizontal application of force "P" to the intermediate element 13.

In order to ensure safety guarantees, public swings are made rigidly embedded in the ground or fixed on a solid fixed base.

A swing equipped with seat-oriented seats and cradles in this case has a certain disadvantage.

A child in adverse conditions may experience discomfort, for example, forced to sit facing the wind or the sun.

To eliminate this drawback, a vertical spring-loaded hinge is mounted in the center axis between the swing bearings in the swing axis.

Vertical Joint FIG. 9 consists of a sleeve 20 with a slotted through corner groove on top. The sleeve 20 is welded in the middle to the swing axis 5, and the sleeve 21 is vertically inserted with the possibility of rotation in any direction of the pin 21, which is fixed in the angular groove with a pressed pin 22.

From below on a finger the plate 8 of the intermediate element is muffled fixed.

The spring 23 provides a reliable orientation of the finger 21 with the strap 8 in the angular groove of the sleeve 20.

To change the seat position to the opposite, it is enough to press the bar 8 from below, squeeze the spring, remove the pin 22 from the corner groove back in the sleeve 20, turn the bar 8 180 °, release it until the pin 22 enters the groove of the sleeve 20.

Users of swings in public places are not only children of different ages, but also different opportunities, especially children with disabilities.

The bearing construction of the swing, as practice shows, is a rather expensive product and occupies a certain area.

In order to increase the versatility of the use of the swing through the use of the same swing supports, but with different seats up to the cradle, it is proposed to make the suspension quick-release.

Known solutions for the quick direct fastening of flexible suspensions on carbines or loops have the same drawbacks as previously described.

It is necessary, on the one hand, to make the pendants quick-detachable, and on the other hand, having the properties of an intermediate element of a special shape.

For this, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 at the ends of the strip 8 of the intermediate element, the sockets of the connector 24 are mounted.

The shortened end of the U-shaped slider 25 having an opening 26 enters the nest. When the hole in the slider 25 matches the spring-loaded spring 27 by the latch 28, the latch 28 fixes the slider 25 in the nest.

On the elongated end of the slider 25 on the outer side of the socket 24 there are ears 29 to further ensure the rigidity of the connection of the slider with the socket.

In the lower part, the elongated end of the slider 25 is rigidly connected to the spacer 30, to which the suspension 10 is attached.

Thus, in the closed state, the jointless connection of the strap 8 and the spacer 30 is provided.

This allows you to swing the swing as a horizontal application of force to the spacer, and vertical in the presence of a lever with a leash.

The technological effectiveness of the production of swings can be improved, and the production of direct swing units with suspensions and seats can be unified and made independent.

For this, FIG. 12 swing bearings 31 (directly the bearing housings 3 or ears for their fastening 12) are fixed on the intermediate bracket 32, which in turn is fixed on the crossbar either directly (option “c”), or using special connections 33 (option “g”) during the final assembly of the swing or when installing them in the place of constant operation.

Thus, the proposed technical solutions allow:

- increase the manufacturability of the manufacture of swings;

- improve the comfort of their use in practice;

- guarantee safety during operation.

Claims (5)

1. The method of suspension of the swing, including swing bearings associated with the crossbar, suspension of seats and seats in order to improve manufacturability, reliability and ease of use, characterized in that, regardless of the design and height of the swing, the distance between the centers of the swing supports fixed on the crossbar is maintained constant, and the seat suspensions are fixed at the ends of the intermediate element associated with the swing axis, while only the distance between its ends varies depending on the height of the swing and, and the swinging of the swing can be carried out by applying a horizontal force to the intermediate element. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the intermediate element with a seat suspended on it is connected to the swing axis through a vertical hinge, which allows a fixed rotation of the seat 180 °. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the seat suspensions are quick-detachable and are fixed hingelessly on the intermediate element using quick-disconnect devices. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that on the intermediate element or directly on the swing axis perpendicular to the swing axis, one side is mounted radially to the axis of the lever with a hanging leash on the other, vertical application of force to which swing is swinging. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the swing bearings are permanently fixed to the intermediate bracket, the installation on the crossbar of which is carried out directly behind the bracket or using additional connections.

Images