RU2555998C1 - Cover from polymer material for drainage gutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: cover from polymer material for a drainage gutter having flat support sites, a convex middle part and longitudinal ribs-thrusts for fixation relative to the gutter. The cover is made from polymer composite material by the method of pultrusion or vacuum infusion, reinforcing fibres of the polymer composite material are mainly aligned across the longitudinal axis of the cover. The convex middle part is made in the form of a coupling of two planes at the angle, the longitudinal ribs-thrusts are made in the form of edges of flat support sites bent down. The cover is equipped with fixtures for fixation on gutters, which may be made, for instance, in the form of transverse slots arranged in support sites for installation of fixation bolts in them to gutters.

EFFECT: strength and durability of gutter covers, manufacturability of their manufacturing, inconvenience of walking of pedestrians on them.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed solution relates to devices for draining water from the base of highways or from the ballast layer of railways using drainage trays.

To prevent clogging and the ability to monitor the condition of the flow part, it is possible to use trays with covers. Covers are used in accordance with the “Album of drainage devices at stations”, inv. No. 984 and TU 3185-017-93660864-08. Tray covers are available from both traditional reinforced concrete materials and composite.

From http://gidro-line.ru/vodootvodnye_kanaly_lot, a prototype cover made of a polymeric material for a drainage tray is known, which has flat support platforms, a radius part that is convex along the radius, middle longitudinal support ribs for fixing inside the tray, and also ribs located outside stiffness connecting the convex part with the supporting platforms, the trays are made by molding from a polymeric material. The remaining polymer trays available on the market, as a rule, are equipped with reinforced concrete covers, which are heavy and inconvenient in installation and operation and weigh about 40 kg / m. pog.

The general essential features of the prototype, which coincide with the essential features of the proposed technical solution, are as follows: a cover made of a polymeric material for a drainage tray, having flat supporting platforms, a convex middle part and longitudinal ribs-stops for fixing relative to the tray.

This prototype lid is made of polymer material ARMLEN IP TM 20-2UP, essentially a mineral-filled thermoplastic material), which in itself has insufficient strength, i.e. covers may be damaged during operation. At the same time, the characteristics of the ARMLEN IP ТМ 20-2UP material are not high - according to TU 2243-013-11378612-2007, the tensile yield strength in accordance with GOST 11262 is 22 MPa, bending stresses at a maximum load in accordance with GOST 4648 no more than 30 MPa, the bending elastic modulus is 1650 MPa. In comparison with fiberglass, they have a significant thickness, and, accordingly, weight. In addition, polypropylene is particularly sensitive to light, this must be taken into account in all areas of application of the product. Under the influence of light and oxygen (air), decomposition processes occur in polypropylene, leading to loss of gloss, cracking and “coating” of the surface, deterioration of the mechanical and physical properties of the product. Polypropylene has good resistance to light radiation in the visible region of the spectrum. Exposure, even short-term ultraviolet radiation, that is, radiation with a wavelength of 290-400 nm, makes polypropylene brittle and leads to surface damage. This process is accelerated at elevated ambient temperatures. To increase the resistance of polypropylene to ultraviolet radiation, the use of ultraviolet stabilizing additives is used.

The disadvantage of using talc-filled polypropylene of the brand ARMLEN® PP TM 20-2 UP for the manufacture of the cover of the drain pan is:

- non-compliance of this material with the lower operating temperature limit (-50 ° С instead of -60 ° С required by the Customer (Technical requirements for drainage trays made of polymer materials, approved by the RAO Railway Department in 2007);

- there is no evidence confirming that even light stabilized polypropylene can have a life of 50 years in the open air in the presence of UV radiation.

In addition, given the radius of the outer surface of the covers, there is a danger of pedestrians passing through them, like on the sidewalk, which can lead to them falling in the winter or during rains and causing injuries.

The proposed design solves the technical problem of ensuring the strength and durability of the lids of the trays, the manufacturability of their manufacture, as well as the inconvenience of pedestrians walking on them.

To achieve the aforementioned technical results, a cover made of a polymeric material for a drainage tray, having flat supporting platforms, a convex middle part and longitudinal ribs-stops for fixing relative to the tray, unlike the prototype, the cover is made of a polymer composite material by pultrusion or vacuum infusion (by impregnation under pressure), the reinforcing fibers of the polymer composite material are mainly oriented across the longitudinal axis of the lid; the convex middle part is made in the form of conjugation at an obtuse angle of two planes, the longitudinal ribs-stops are made in the form of bends down the edges of the flat bearing pads (placed outside the tray); the lid is provided with fasteners for fixing on the trays, which can be made, for example, in the form of transverse (transverse to the longitudinal axis of the lid) slots made in the bearing pads for mounting bolts to the trays in them.

Distinctive features of the proposed cover made of polymer material for the drainage tray are as follows: the cover is made of polymer composite material by pultrusion or vacuum infusion, the reinforcing fibers of the polymer composite material are mainly oriented across the longitudinal axis of the cover; the convex middle part is made in the form of conjugation at an obtuse angle of two planes, the longitudinal ribs-stops are made in the form of bends down the edges of the flat bearing pads; the lid is equipped with fasteners for fixing on the trays, which can be made, for example, in the form of transverse slots made in the supporting platforms for mounting bolts to the trays in them.

Due to the presence of these distinctive features, the following technical results are achieved - due to the execution of a polymer composite material (fiber-reinforced polymer resins, with filler fibers oriented in a certain, most effective direction), the lid is thin, light and strong, there is no need for transverse stiffeners, which allows you to perform it more technologically advanced high-performance method of pultrusion or infusion, while due to the fact that the bulge to the top it is part of the rib-horse, a potentially dangerous walking on the cover becomes almost impossible. The weight of the covers allows for manual installation and installation. The covers are easily mounted in the field and have fasteners that prevent them from rising by vortex flows from a rolling stock passing by, while due to the transverse slots in the supporting platforms, they do not limit the movement of the walls of the tray; restrictive devices in the form of longitudinal ribs-stops prevent sliding and tipping of the lid inside the tray, taking into account the range of the initial and permissible width of the tray.

The proposed technical solution can find application in the design of drainage systems of roads and railways.

The design of the proposed cover made of a polymeric material for the drainage tray is illustrated by the drawings of FIG. 1-2, which depict respectively a General view of the tray with the lid installed and their cross section.

Depicted in FIG. 1-2, the design includes a cover 1 mounted on the drainage tray 2. The covers 1 are fastened to the trays 2 by a conventional bolted connection 3 to prevent them from rising and dropping from the trays 2 by vortex flows from a rolling stock passing near (Fig. 1B, C, Fig. 2B). Moreover, in the lids 1, special oval grooves 4 are made in the transverse direction, which do not limit the movement (narrowing) of the walls of the tray 1 after excavation and backfilling of the tray 2 with drainage soil, as well as over time in operation. To receive surface water, covers 1 are installed on tray 2, usually with gaps 12 of 40 ... 80 mm, through which surface rain and melt water fall into the drainage tray during the autumn-spring floods and rains.

To prevent unauthorized dismantling of the covers, they can be equipped instead of ordinary bolts 3 with special anti-vandal locks 9 (Fig. 1G). In this case, the lock is mounted and assembled on the lid, and the oval groove 4 for ensuring the movement of the walls of the tray and the passage of the locking locking element 10 is performed in the horizontal shelves of the trays. The lock head 11 is made in the form of a trihedral (adopted in railway rolling stock) form or any other and the covers are additionally equipped with a special key for working with locks.

The lid 1 made of a polymeric material for the drainage tray 2 has flat supporting platforms 5, a convex middle part 6 and longitudinal ribs-stops 7 for fixing relative to the tray. In this case, the lid is made of a polymer composite material by pultrusion or infusion, the convex middle part 6 is made in the form of conjugation at an obtuse angle of two planes 8, the longitudinal ribs-stops 7 are made in the form of bends down the edges of the flat supporting platforms 5. And the material of the covers has fillers ( fiberglass fabrics) predominantly oriented transversely to the axis of the cover (along the Y axis), usually in the range from 50% to 80%, which is well coordinated with the direction of the acting stresses in the cover during design loading cases.

The proposed cover is made according to the well-known pultrusion or infusion technology from, for example, fiberglass LT-0600 / S300 and glass mat UNIFILO® U528 M300, vinyl ether resins; orthophthalic; epoxy; polyester.

Due to the use of this method, especially pultrusion, essentially continuous production of covers can be carried out, the design of which allows the use of dies, including different widths, for different sizes of trays and cut lids also different lengths.

These covers have high strength, which provides strength under the influence of possible loads, including such as the weight of a person, however, pedestrians are inconvenient to walk on them (which ensures safety) due to the top of the cover with a longitudinal edge. These covers can be used for trays made of various materials - fiberglass, concrete, polymer, etc.

Claims (2)

1. A cover made of a polymer material for a drainage tray, having flat supporting platforms, a convex middle part and longitudinal ribs-stops for fixing relative to the tray, characterized in that the cover is made of a polymer composite by pultrusion or vacuum infusion, reinforcing fibers of a polymer composite material in mainly oriented across the longitudinal axis of the lid; the convex middle part is made in the form of conjugation at an obtuse angle of two planes, the longitudinal ribs-stops are made in the form of bends down the edges of the flat bearing pads; the cover is equipped with fasteners for fixing on trays. 2. The cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the fasteners for fixing on the trays are made in the form of transverse slots made in the supporting platforms for installing bolts of fastening to the trays in them.

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