RU2555683C1 - Peat-polymer mix to manufacture construction products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: peat and polymer mix for manufacturing of construction products, including a base in the form of peat and a binding element, differing by the fact that it comprises the following components, wt %: nanomodified peat of suspensions of polyvinyl acetate and cyclone dust of gas treatment of air of industrial enterprises (in terms of dry polyvinyl acetate in amount of 4-6% from mass of peat, dust - 2-3%) - 25%, portland cement CEM-II-32.5 - 35, calcium chloride - 10, ammophos - 5 and water - 25.

EFFECT: increased fire resistance and strength characteristics at invariable density, reduced heat conductivity, increased homogeneity of structure and durability of heat insulation material.

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Description

 The invention relates to compositions of raw mixes on a cement basis, used for the production of heat-insulating building materials, characterized by increased fire resistance.

Currently, raw material mixtures for the production of heat-insulating materials (wall blocks) are widely used, including, in addition to Portland cement, expanded polystyrene or expanded clay or slag.

The closest in technical essence to the achieved result to the proposed mixture and selected as a prototype is a peat-polymer mixture for the manufacture of building products, including a base in the form of peat and a connecting element (see patent RU 2393128, published on July 20, 2009).

However, the raw material mixture of the prototype has significant disadvantages. Such a mixture has a heterogeneous structure due to the inhomogeneous composition of the coarse aggregate, which leads to heterogeneity of the properties of the material itself, an increase in the number of structural defects and, as a result, to a decrease in operational and technical characteristics.

The technical result is to obtain increased fire-resistant and strength characteristics at a constant density, reducing heat conductivity, increasing the uniformity of the structure and durability of the insulating material.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a peat-polymer mixture for the manufacture of building products, including a base in the form of peat and a binder consisting of the following components wt.%: Peat nanomodified suspensions of polyvinyl acetate and cyclone dust of gas purification of air of industrial enterprises (based on: dry polyvinyl acetate in 4-6% by weight of peat and dust - 2%) - 25, Portland cement CEM -II-42.5 - 35, calcium chloride - 10, ammophos - 5 and water - 25.

Peat-polymer mixture for the manufacture of building products includes a base in the form of peat and a binder. The mixture consists of the following components, wt.%: Peat nanomodified suspensions of polyvinyl acetate and cyclone dust from gas purification of industrial air (based on: dry polyvinyl acetate in the amount of 4-6% by weight of peat and dust - 2%) - 25, the binder is Portland cement CEM-II-42.5 - 35, calcium chloride - 10, ammophos - 5 and water - 25.

The experiments were carried out on the example of cyclone gas purification dust from Nevyansky Cementnik OJSC, which contains masses. %: SiO ₂ -12-13, Al ₂ O ₃ - up to 3, Fe ₂ O ₃ - up to 3, CaO - 40-45.

Types of peat in the composition of the peat-polymer mixture can be practically any, either individually or as mixtures thereof. But the most effective type of peat to achieve the specified technical result is lowland peat due to its greatest density and fire resistance.

Nanomodification of peat with polyvinyl acetate and cyclone dust of gas purification of industrial air is necessary to create a high-strength material structure and increase the strength of the border zone of adhesion of peat and cement stone. The production of peat concrete is possible almost anywhere in the country due to the wide distribution of natural peat.

Peat nano-modification should occur before mixing with cement and water in forced-action mixing plants. The direct preparation of the peat-polymer mixture can take place in the same plants. Future heat-insulating building materials are formed from a freshly prepared mixture: blocks, plates, etc.

The proposed invention was developed in the interests of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia with the aim of increasing the fire resistance of building structures in crowded places and is aimed at reducing the fire hazard of peat insulating concrete due to doping of peat with nanoparticles that impede the interaction of carbon compounds of peat with oxygen.

Calcium chloride significantly accelerates the hydration of cement, which reduces the initial and final time of setting and shrinkage, while at the same time increasing its anticipatory strength, surface wear and resistance to cold weather. The use of calcium chloride allows you to increase productivity in the manufacture of building structures by 2.5-3 times by reducing the time of solidification of cement and improving the quality of manufactured products. The addition of calcium chloride helps to obtain building structures with a sufficiently high strength and frost resistance.

The use of ammophos allows you to fundamentally change the fire resistance and heat resistance of building structures and some of their physical and mechanical properties, for example, an increase in strength characteristics.

Claims (1)

Peat-polymer mixture for the manufacture of building products, including a base in the form of peat and a binder, characterized in that it consists of the following components wt.%: Peat nanomodified suspensions of polyvinyl acetate and cyclone dust from gas treatment of industrial air (based on: dry polyvinyl acetate in the amount of 4- 6% by weight of peat, dust - 2-3%) - 25, Portland cement CEM-II-32.5 - 35, calcium chloride - 10, ammophos - 5 and water - 25.