RU2554420C1 - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: ventilation device consists of perforated sections with stiffeners, which are made in the form of an arc with a shaped surface and with profile wave height of at least 5 mm. Supporting ends of the arc have sections parallel to the vertical arc axis. Height of parallel sections is 0.05 to 0.1 of the arc diameter. The sections are made with a pitch as to diameter. Diameter of the previous pitch section is less than diameter of the next pitch section by a value of two to four thicknesses of sheet material, from which sections are made.

EFFECT: invention ensures improvement of stability of sections of the device and contributes to more uniform air distribution throughout its length.

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Description

The present invention relates to the storage of crop products, field cultivation and horticulture, in particular to ventilation.

The present invention can be used in vegetable storages, granaries and other premises intended for bulk storage of agricultural products.

Ventilation of agricultural products is necessary to ensure a stable temperature and air-climate balance within the entire layer of stored products, which can significantly reduce the percentage of losses due to rotting and spoilage of agricultural products for the entire storage period, in contrast to the losses inherent in bulk storage, but without forced ventilation.

Known ventilation duct developed by Kharkov JSC "Plant them. Frunze ”, which consists of sections having the shape of a perforated half-pipe with two reefs between perforations, and which is installed on the floor of the warehouse on a flat surface with the arch facing down. (Monthly scientific and practical journal "Storage and processing of grain", No. 9, 2006).

A ventilation device (prototype) is known, consisting of sections having the shape of an arch making the structure stable, and taking into account the fact that the section surface is given a wave section along the entire length, this provides a significant increase in the elemental strength of the product. In this case, the profile wave height is selected at least 5 mm, since at a wave height of less than 5 mm, the structural rigidity decreases to a value insufficient to maintain the maximum layer of the products being stored (see. Pat. RF No. 86840 “Device for ventilation of agricultural products” from September 20, 2009).

A significant drawback of the device adopted for the prototype is the emergence of a horizontal component from the action of vertical force on the floor of the vegetable store under the action of the distributed load from the stored products on the arch of the ventilation device, as a result of which the point of contact of the arch with the floor of the vegetable store begins to shift, and, ultimately, the arch loses rigidity and its destruction occurs, and, as a result, the air flow ceases to penetrate the layer of stored products, which causes rotting and damage to the stored products, ivodya a loss equal to the loss during storage without aeration, and, therefore, significant economic losses. The experience of more than four years of operation of these ducts shows that such cases are not uncommon. The disadvantage is that in the manufacture of a section with a step in diameter, the interaction of the sections is not determined, as a result, with a large difference in diameters, the stability and deformation of the second step section with respect to the first step section is lost.

The technical task of the proposed invention is to increase the stability of sections of the device for ventilation of agricultural products. The goal is achieved due to the fact that the supporting ends of the arch are provided with sections made parallel to the vertical axis of the arch, and the height of the parallel sections is from 0.05 to 0.1 of the diameter of the arch, and the radius of the previous step section corresponds to the radius of the next step section, reduced by from two to four thicknesses of the sheet material from which the sections are made.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated in the figure, on which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the proposed design of a device for ventilation;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a section with oval holes;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an arch support on the storage floor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the contact of the previous step section and the next.

The design of the proposed device for ventilating grain or vegetables consists of a section 1 (Fig. 1), having the shape of an arch with a diameter B with surface profiling in the form of a wave or stiffener 2 with wave height b, which are evenly distributed over the surface of the section, and on the lower wave 3 of the profile perforation in the form of round holes is made 4. Section 1 (Fig. 1) has sections 5 parallel to the vertical axis “Y” and resting on the floor 6, which is placed parallel to the direction of the axis “X”. Parallel sections 5 have a height "h" equal to from 0.05 to 0.1 of the height of the section, the height of which is equal to B / 2. Section 7 with oval holes 8 (Fig. 2) for ventilation of vegetables also has the shape of an arch with a diameter B, profiling is made wavy in the form of stiffeners 9, also a wave section with a wave height of profile “b”, on the sides of the section there are oval holes 8 Section 7 (Fig. 2) also has sections 5 parallel to the vertical axis "Y" and resting on the floor 6, which is placed parallel to the direction of the axis "X". Parallel sections 5 of section 7 (Fig. 2) have a height "h" equal to from 0.05 to 0.1 section height, which is equal to B / 2.

Due to the fact that sections 5 of section 1 and section 7 on (Fig. 1) and on (Fig. 2) are parallel to the vertical axis "Y", the pressure force P of the section on floor 6 on (Fig. 1) and on (Fig. 2 ) also acts perpendicular to the floor surface (X axis) and the side component Px, as in the case of the arch in accordance with the prototype (Fig. 3), does not appear and the section does not lose stability. The value of the parallel sections 5 of section 1 and section 7 in (Fig. 1) and (Fig. 2) is chosen from the following considerations. If the height of the parallel section 5 of section 1 and section 7 is less than 0.05 of the height of the arch equal to 0.5 V, the position of the arch on the floor 6 (Fig. 1) and (Fig. 2) of the agricultural product storage becomes unstable, the relief of which is actually quite complicated , causes deformation of the sections, which can lead to its destruction, and if the height of the parallel section 5 of section 1 and section 7 in (Fig. 1) and (Fig. 2) is more than 0.1, the height of the arch, equal to 0.5 V, is possible loss of stability of parallel section 5 as a plate working on compression (see "Quick reference to the machine builder", edited by S. A. Che Navskogo, Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1961, p. 299, Fig. 6), and accordingly, the destruction of the arch, in addition, the diameter B1 (Fig. 4) of the previous arch 10 should be less than the diameter B2 of the subsequent arch 11 from two to four thickness of the steel sheet "δ" from which the arch is made. When the diameter B1 is less than the diameter B2 of the subsequent arch by the size of the two thicknesses of the steel sheet "δ" from which the arch is made, the assembly and installation of the duct is complicated, and if the diameter of the previous arch B1 is greater than the diameter of the subsequent arch by four thicknesses of the steel sheet "δ", of which a section is made, the structural stability is reduced, which leads to disruption of the duct.

The manufacture of arches for the proposed ventilation device is as follows: from a roll of metal of the required thickness, a workpiece of a given length is unwound and cut off. The resulting flat sheet is perforated on special equipment in accordance with the product drawing. Then, the obtained billet is rolled on a roll forming mill and acquires a wave or other cross section, for example, a trapezoidal, rectangular, conical, ellipsoidal or other. The next step is to roll the product on a rolling machine and acquire an arched section with dimensions corresponding to a given number. Manufactured arches are assembled in line with a common axis on the floor of the vaults. The assembly of arches is “lapped”, starting with a larger diameter to a smaller one. The resulting design is connected to a central air duct or fan.

Product ventilation is carried out by forcing through the wall ventilation ducts or with the help of fans of pre-prepared atmospheric air or special gas into the ventilation devices of a given length and section that are proposed as an invention and installed on the floor in granaries, vegetable stores or warehouses and covered with stored products.

Perforation performed on the upper or lower wave of the profile allows for the optimal direction and volume of atmospheric air or special gas in the storage, without reducing the rigidity of the structure.

The reduction in material consumption in comparison with the prototype is achieved due to the fact that the proposed device does not have a bottom and rests directly on the walls of the warehouse floor.

Also, the proposed device is simple in manufacture and assembly, since it does not have additional connecting or mounting devices and devices.

The manufacture of the device from galvanized steel significantly reduces the cost and maintains corrosion resistance. It is possible to manufacture the device from other materials similar in properties.

The manufacture of sections of the device in the form of an arch with a step in diameter makes it possible to assemble air supply devices with a variable diameter cross section, which helps to ensure a more uniform distribution of air along the entire length of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for ventilation, consisting of perforated sections with stiffeners, made in the form of an arch with a profiled surface and a profile wave height of at least 5 mm, the perforation is made on the upper or lower profile wave and can have a variety of shapes and sizes, while the sections are made in steps in diameter, made of galvanized steel or other similar material, in cross section can have various regular shapes, characterized in that the supporting ends of the arch have sections parallel to the vertical axis of the arch, moreover the height of parallel sections is from 0.05 to 0.1 of the diameter of the arch, and the diameter of the previous step section is less than the diameter of the next step section by two to four thicknesses of the sheet material from which the sections are made.

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