RU2554186C2 - Method of loading of cargoes in aircraft and means to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: set of inventions relates to aircraft equipment. Proposed means comprises trestle frame-like structures consisting of height-adjustable props and guides of "Ш"-like cross-section profile that make the trestle loading platform. Said means comprises cargo transfer roller-type appliances composed of separate skate-beams with flat top surface. Used drive is composed of two winches with block and tackle system, pull cables, support with height-adjustable props and support mounted from above to lock the goods hatch elements. Said goods hatch elements include the ramp which can vary the inclination to horizon and can be levelled with freight cabin floor with cargo fitted thereat. Proposed method consists in application of claimed means.

EFFECT: safer loading of cargo.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to aeronautical engineering, in particular to methods and means of loading, unloading and transportation of large-sized products in an airplane.

State of the art

From analogues of the prior art, the invention is known “Method of craneless transshipment and transportation of large-sized products and large-weight products to the aircraft platform and means for its implementation” (see RF patent for invention No. 2237606. Cl. B64D 9/00. Publish. June 27, 2008 .), which consists in the fact that upon arrival at the airport of an aircraft, including means for unloading and transporting products that are located in the cargo compartment, a vehicle containing a power mechanism for lifting and changing the height of the platform and retractable supports for fixing the platform, on the platform of which a cargo platform with the product is installed. Using the vehicle’s power mechanism, raise the platform of the vehicle with the product to the level of the front cargo gate elements of the aircraft, set it on the same plane with the front cargo gate elements and the cargo compartment floor of the aircraft. The raised platform of the vehicle is additionally fixed using the sliding supports of the vehicle, as well as the elements of the front load carrier are fixed and the cargo platform with the product is transported from the vehicle platform to the cargo compartment of the aircraft using winches and the pulley system.

The closest technical solution for the totality of essential features is the "Method of craneless loading and transportation of large-sized products and large-weight products with a flat base into an airplane and means for its implementation" (see patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2348569. Cl. B64D 9/00. Publ. March 10, 2009), which consists in the fact that the trailer is transported to the location of the product, including a power mechanism for lifting and changing the platform height and extendable supports for fixing the platform, the trailer is put on the same axis with the axis amoleta. Raise the platform of the trailer with the product to the level of the elements of the front cargo gate of the aircraft, and then use the height-adjustable screw supports to set the elements of the front cargo rail with the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft at an angle of inclination of mainly 2-3 degrees to the horizontal, set the sections of the flyover along one axis with the axis of the aircraft in two parallel rows at a distance of at least three meters between their rows and join them together and with the elements of the front load, then install on the element gruzolyuka front and on the floor of the cargo cabin of the aircraft track rail profile W-shaped cross section, with the same track of the guide profiles of the W-shaped section on the loading dock ramps. Then they are placed in the grooves of the guide profiles of the W-shaped section of the loading platform of the skateboard flyover. With the help of winches and a tackle system, the product mounted on skateboards is transported along the guides to the cargo compartment of the aircraft.

The mentioned methods have several disadvantages.

1. Loading of cargoes by the indicated methods in mid-range ramp aircraft that do not have the technical ability to change the angle of inclination of the cargo compartment relative to the surface of the aerodrome is associated with the impossibility of using an overpass, since the resulting angle of fracture between the plane of the overpass and the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft makes such loading unsafe as for cargo, and for the sun.

2. The loading of goods by the indicated methods in medium-class ramp aircraft that do not have the technical ability to change the angle of inclination of the cargo compartment relative to the surface of the airfield is associated with the need to use an additional vehicle made in the form of a loader, which entails additional financial costs, as well as the inability to load cargo at airfields where there are no such loaders. Moreover, loads loaded in this way will be limited in size, because the limiter for the height of the loaded cargo will be the central gate of the load carrier, and the limiters for the width are beam beams of the tail section of the aircraft, which is typical for aircraft of the Il-76 type.

Disclosure of invention

The essence of the proposed method of loading goods into an airplane and the means for its implementation is that loading is carried out using a flyover and load-bearing elements, and the loading process is carried out in several stages, including changing the angle of inclination of the load-bearing elements until they are brought into a horizontal position in the same plane with the floor of the cargo compartment for the subsequent transportation of cargo to the cargo compartment.

Using the proposed invention provides the following technical result: safe loading of cargo into the cargo compartment of the aircraft, which does not have the technical ability to change the angle of inclination of the cargo compartment relative to the surface of the airfield, the dimensions of the loads loaded into it are limited by the elements of the load carrier and the tail of the aircraft, in cases of horizontal loading of the cargo.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the elements of the load-carrying device with guide rails of the U-shaped section mounted on them, in the grooves of which the roller devices are fixed with the load placed on them, are installed in a horizontal position in the same plane with the floor, the load-bearing elements include a ramp, made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the horizon until it is installed flush with the floor of the cargo compartment when the load is installed on it.

The method can be used when loading and unloading cargo in modern mid-range ramp aircraft, such as Il-76, An-70, An-12, as well as in promising ramp aircraft Tu-330, Il-214 (MTS), Airbus A- 400M, Embraer KS-390, Xian Y-20. Using the method for loading goods on aircraft of this type will expand the range of goods transported by them in size (width and height).

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1. Side view of a method of loading goods into an airplane and means for its implementation.

Figure 2. A method of loading goods into an airplane and means for its implementation, top view.

The implementation of the invention

The method of loading cargo into an airplane is implemented as follows.

The cargo is delivered by the vehicle to the airport, after which the vehicle is placed in the cargo loading area of the aircraft, including means for transporting goods that are located in the cargo compartment 1 (Fig. 1) of the aircraft, containing truss sections of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1) consisting of height-adjustable supports 3 (Fig. 1) and guides of a profile of a W-shaped cross-section 4 (Fig. 2), forming a loading platform of a flyover 2 (Fig. 1), made with the possibility of changing the height and angle of inclination by means of these adjustments the height of the supports 3 (Fig. 1) and with the possibility of placing the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1) in the same plane with the elements of the load bearing 5 (Fig. 1-2) at an angle of inclination mainly from 2 to 3 ° to the horizon, additional guides of the profile of the W-shaped section 6 (Fig.1-2), made with the possibility of installing a gauge on the elements of the load-bearing gear 5 (Fig.1-2) and on the floor 7 (Fig.1-2) in the cargo compartment 1 (Fig.1 ) an airplane identical with the track installed from the guide profiles of the W-shaped section 4 (figure 2) of the loading platform of the flyover 2 (figure 1), and interacting with as shown by guides, roller devices (not shown in the drawing) for moving cargo, made in the form of separate skatebalks with a flat upper surface, each of which consists of a housing with rollers, as well as a drive made in the form of two winches with a pulley system, traction cables (on the drawing is not shown), stand 8 (figure 1) containing height-adjustable supports and mounted on top of the lodgement 9 (figure 1) for fixing the elements of the load 5 (figure 1-2), and the elements of the load 5 (figure 1- 2) made with the possibility of installation and x at an angle of inclination of mainly 2-3 ° to the horizon on the same plane with the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1) using height-adjustable screw supports of the stand 8 (Fig. 1) and with the possibility of fixing the load-bearing elements 5 (Fig. 1- 2) the aircraft using the mentioned lodgement 9 (figure 1), upon arrival of the aircraft at the airport, the aforementioned means for transporting products from the aircraft are unloaded, sections of the overpass 2 (figure 1) are installed on the same axis with the axis of the aircraft in two parallel rows and joined between themselves and with the elements of the load 5 (Fig.1-2), after which put the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1) in one plane, mainly at an angle of inclination from 2 to 3 ° to the horizontal, using height-adjustable supports 3 (Fig. 1) with the above-mentioned load-bearing elements 5 (Fig. 1- 2), and then additionally change the height of the screw supports of the stand 8 (Fig. 1) and fix the elements of the load-bearing device 5 (Fig. 1-2) with the help of the cradle 9 (Fig. 1), after which they are mounted on the elements of the load-bearing device 5 (Fig. 1). 1-2) and on the floor 7 (Fig.1-2) of the cargo compartment 1 (Fig.1) of the aircraft track additional guide rails Lei of the W-shaped section 6 (Fig.1-2), identical with the track of the guiding profiles of the Sh-shaped section 4 (Fig.2) on the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig.1), join them together, placed in the grooves of the guides the profiles of the W-shaped cross section of the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1), the mentioned roller devices and carry out the transshipment of cargo from the vehicle to the loading platform of the flyover 2 (Fig. 1), connect the said shear system to the load and transport the winches and the sheave system guiding m profile of the W-shaped section 4 (figure 2) the load mounted on the roller devices from the loading platform of the flyover 2 (figure 1) on the elements of the load-bearing device 5 (figure 1-2), after which the elements of the load-bearing device 5 (figure 1) -2) with mounted on them additional guides of the profile of the W-shaped section 6 (Fig.1-2), in the grooves of which are fixed roller devices with the load placed on them, undocked from the sections of the flyover 2 (Fig.1) and installed in a horizontal position in the same plane with the floor 7 (Fig.1-2) of the cargo compartment 1 (Fig.1) for subsequent transport cargo sorting into the cargo compartment 1 (figure 1).

The above description indicates that when using the claimed invention, the following combination of conditions:

- a tool embodying the claimed invention, in its implementation is intended for loading goods into the aircraft, not having the technical ability to change the angle of inclination of the cargo compartment relative to the surface of the airfield;

- for the claimed method in the form as described in the claims, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods described in the application is confirmed;

- a tool embodying the claimed invention in the implementation, is able to ensure the achievement of the perceived by the applicant of the assigned technical tasks. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (4)

1. A method of loading goods onto an airplane, the method being that the cargo is delivered by a vehicle to the airport, after which the vehicle is located in the cargo loading area of the airplane, including means for transporting the goods that are located in the cargo compartment of the aircraft, upon arrival the airport unloads the aforementioned means for transporting goods from the plane, sets the sections of the flyover along one axis with the axis of the plane in two parallel rows and joins them together and with the load-bearing elements, after four o put the loading platform of the overpass in one plane, mainly at an angle of inclination from 2 to 3 ° to the horizontal, using height-adjustable supports with the load-bearing elements mentioned in the same plane, and then additionally change the height of the screw supports of the stand and fix the load-lifting elements using the said lodgement and then set on the elements of the load carrier and on the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft a track of additional guide profiles of the W-shaped section, the same as the track of the guide profiles Sh-shaped lei on the loading platform of the flyover, join them together, put the mentioned roller devices into the grooves of the guiding profiles of the Sh-shaped loading area of the flyover, and load the cargo from the vehicle onto the loading platform of the flyover, connect the mentioned shear system and with the help of the aforementioned winches and the tackle system, the loads mounted on the roller devices are transported along the guides from the loading platform of the overpass to the cargo elements hatch, characterized in that the load-carrying elements with additional guides of the U-shaped section mounted on them, in the grooves of which are fixed roller devices with the load placed on them, are undocked from the sections of the overpass and installed in a horizontal position in the same plane with the cargo compartment for subsequent transportation cargo in the cargo compartment. 2. Means for implementing the method of loading goods on an aircraft, including means for transporting goods, containing truss sections of the flyover, consisting of height-adjustable supports and guides of the profile of the U-shaped section, forming the loading platform of the flyover, made with the possibility of changing the height and angle by means of the indicated height-adjustable supports and with the possibility of placing the loading platform of the flyover in one plane with the load-bearing elements at an angle of inclination, mainly from 2 d about 3 ° to the horizon, additional guides of the profile of the W-shaped section, made with the possibility of installing a track on the elements of the load carrier and on the floor in the cargo compartment of the aircraft, the same as the track installed from the guide profiles of the Sh-shaped section of the loading platform of the flyover, and interacting with the indicated guiding roller devices for moving cargo, made in the form of individual skatebalks with a flat upper surface, each of which consists of a housing with rollers, as well as a drive made in the form two winches with a tackle system, traction cables, a stand containing the height-adjustable supports and mounted on top of the mentioned lodgement for fixing the load-bearing elements, and the load-bearing elements are made with the possibility of installing them at an angle of inclination of mainly 2-3 ° to the horizontal in the same plane with the loading platform flyovers using height-adjustable screw supports of the stand and with the possibility of fixing the load-bearing elements of the aircraft using the said lodgement, characterized in that the means for transport Cargo levels include means for fixing roller devices in the grooves of the guides of the profile of a W-shaped section, and the load-bearing elements include a ramp made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the horizon until it is installed flush with the floor of the cargo compartment when the load is installed on it. 3. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the stand is equipped with a hydraulic lifting mechanism for changing the angle of the ramp. 4. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the ramp is equipped with a hydraulic lifting mechanism, providing a change in the angle of its inclination.

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