RU2552548C1 - Method of obtaining means for water purification, means and method of water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of water purification. Method includes interaction of metal aluminium with hydrochloric acid solution, further introduction of additive into mixture and mixture exposure of with obtaining polymerisation product. Activated carbon with particle size 100-10000 nm is introduced into mixture as additive in amount 9-12 kg/ton. Polymerisation product contains polyaluminiumhydrochloride with polymerisation degree about 70% and index of basicity 5/6. Method of water purification with obtained means is realised in apparatus, which contains mixer, flocculator and flotator.

EFFECT: claimed is method of obtaining means for water purification based on chloroaluminium-containing coagulant.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of water purification and can be used to increase the efficiency of water purification from organic substances of natural and technogenic origin.

Known coagulant aluminum polyoxychloride Aqua-Aurat produced by the company "Aurat" (TU 2163-069-00205067-2007), used for purification and conditioning of drinking water, wastewater treatment in industry, agriculture, for domestic purposes, for water treatment of thermal power plants, State District Power Station, boiler houses, in the paper industry for paper sizing, in perfumes, etc.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a water purifier, disclosed in the application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2004104005 and which is an adsorption-coagulating mixture, including sorbents from a number of carbon (activated carbon, graphite, etc.) or aluminosilicate (eg bentonite), alkaline salts metals (potassium, sodium, etc.) and a coagulant (iron (III) chloride, aluminum chloride, etc.).

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the lack of effectiveness of water purification, as well as the need to obtain a coagulant and sorbent separately and their subsequent mixing, which complicates the technology.

The objective of the claimed invention is the creation of a means for water purification with increased efficiency, as well as the simplification of water purification technology, including the preparation of a means for purification.

The problem is solved by means of a water purifier, including a coagulant and a sorbent, characterized in that the coagulant is polymer and the sorbent particles are dispersed in the coagulant.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of water purification and simplify the technology of water purification by eliminating the stage of mixing coagulant and sorbent particles before contact with water. The tool is a stable dispersion, which reduces the cost of maintaining the necessary contact of the coagulant with the purified water.

Any polymer coagulant, for example, inorganic polymer coagulants based on iron and aluminum chlorides, can be used as coagulants in the invention.

In a preferred embodiment, a polyaluminium hydrochloride is used having the general formula Al _n (OH) _m Cl _3n-m , where n and m are integers, with 0 <m <3n.

The particle size of the sorbent is up to 10,000 nm, preferably 100-10000 nm. In the most preferred embodiment, the particle size of the sorbent is 10-500 nm.

In a preferred embodiment, the basicity of the polymer is 5/6.

The degree of medium molecular polymerization is about 70%, preferably 70%.

Such a reagent in water allows the formation of straight and branched chains that provide effective water purification.

The tool can be obtained by adding particles of the sorbent to the polymer coagulant.

In a preferred embodiment, the sorbent particles are added during the polymerization of the coagulant.

The introduction of activated carbon with a particle size of up to 10,000 nm allows the electrostatic interaction to achieve the effect of a stable dispersion that persists at all stages of water treatment: dissolving the reagent, mixing with the treated water, flocculation and flotation. This provides a significant synergistic effect in comparison with the use of individual components.

The mass ratio of sorbent to polymer coagulant is from 1:20 to 1:40, preferably about 1:33.

The drawing shows a diagram for obtaining the claimed funds for water purification.

The water purifier can be made from the following components:

- metal primary aluminum grade A7 in the amount of 90-110 kg / t;

- hydrochloric acid of food grade in the amount of 160-200 kg / t;

- activated carbon fraction 100-10000 nm in an amount of 9-12 kg / t;

- water the rest.

A composition comprising the claimed water purification agent is prepared as follows. Primary aluminum and hydrochloric acid solution are charged into reactor 1. The resulting mixture is pumped through a heat exchanger 3 to a mixer 4, preferably an ultrasonic mixer, where activated carbon is introduced into it with a fraction of up to 10,000 nm, and ultrasound with a frequency of 10-100 kHz can be used. After that, the resulting mixture is again fed into the reactor.

The process of obtaining funds for water purification is carried out for 24-36 hours at a temperature of 90-98 ° C. The degree of average molecular polymerization is about 70%, preferably 70%, the basicity of the polymer is 5/6.

In the polymerization process, i.e. obtaining polyaluminium hydrochloride, activated carbon is introduced into it with a fraction of 100-10000 nm. In this case, ultrasound with a frequency of 10-100 kHz can be used.

In the final product, the mass ratio of activated carbon to polymer is about 1:33.

Water purification is carried out in the apparatus, including a mixer, flocculator, flotator with the following technical characteristics:

- The dose of water purifier is 1-20 mg / cu. dm of water;

- Camp value (Camp criterion):

in the mixer: 30000-40000;

in the flocculator: 50000-100000.

- Specific hydraulic load in the flotator: 10-40 cubic meters / sq.m / hour

The resulting product, which is the claimed means for water purification, can be used, in particular, for the purification of drinking and boiler water from organic substances of natural origin, as well as wastewater and condensate from oil products.

Claims (3)

1. A method of obtaining a water purifier based on a chloroaluminous coagulant, comprising reacting aluminum metal with a hydrochloric acid solution, then introducing an additive into the mixture and holding the mixture to obtain a polymerization product, characterized in that activated carbon with a particle size is introduced into the mixture 100-10000 nm in the amount of 9-12 kg / t, the polymerization is carried out until a polyaluminium hydrochloride is formed in the mixture with a degree of polymerization of about 70% and a basicity index of 5/6. 2. Means for water purification obtained by the method according to p. 1. 3. The method of water purification, including the introduction of funds according to claim 2 in an apparatus containing a mixer, flocculator and flotator, where the amount of the agent is 1-20 mg / cubic dm of water, the Camp criterion in the mixer is 30000-40000, the Camp criterion in the flocculator makes up 50,000-100,000 and the specific hydraulic load in the flotator is 10-40 cubic meters / sq.m / hour.

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