RU2552111C1 - Lubricating rod - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a lubricating rod, which consists of an envelope filled with a lubricating composition containing bitumen and graphite, wherein the lubricating composition further includes aqueous calcium sulphate, with the following ratio of components, wt %: bitumen 20-40, graphite 10-30, calcium sulphate to 100.

EFFECT: easy application of lubricating rod at subzero temperatures by changing the physical properties of the lubricating composition filling the envelope of the rod, owing to optimisation of the composition thereof.

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Description

The invention relates to solid lubricating elements in the form of lubricating rods and can be used to reduce wear and increase the resource of rails and bandages of wheel sets of railway and other rail rolling stock, as well as reduce energy consumption by train traction by lubricating the side face of the rail head and wheel flanges with technical means comb and rail lubrication.

The lubricating rod-composition is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 2370390, 10.20.2009), which contains a shell made of epoxy adhesive EDP with the addition of serpentinite Mg ₆ {Si ₄ O ₁₀ } (OH) ₈ , carbon technical furnace conductive and fluoroplastic F-4. The core of the lubricating rod contains a filler comprising Litol-24 grease, serpentinite Mg ₆ {Si ₄ O ₁₀ } (OH) ₈ and thermolysis carbon.

The lubricating rod composition is prepared according to the following technology. The shell is made using a special collapsible form, into which a thoroughly mixed mixture of epoxy glue EDP (TU 075 10508.90-94) with additives of serpentinite Mg ₆ {Si ₄ О ₁₀ } (OH) ₈ carbon technical modified furnace (TU 38.11518- 85) and F-4 fluoroplastic (GOST 10007-80, PN brand). The collapsible form provides the manufacture of a cylindrical shell with an axial cylindrical channel, while it is possible to vary the outer diameter of the shell and the diameter of the cylindrical channel. In the manufactured shell of the lubricating rod-composition, a through channel is filled with a filler, which is prepared as follows. In a grease Litol 24 add, thoroughly mixing, serpentinite and carbon technical furnace conductive.

The disadvantage of the rod-composition is the constancy of the lubricant flow regardless of the state of the lubricated surface and, as a result, the increased consumption of lubricant.

The prior art lubricating rod (patent RF 2197677, 01/27/2003), consisting of a shell filled with lubricant and made of a material that can wear during friction on an unlubricated surface and minimally wear during friction on a lubricated surface. In this case, the material may be polyethylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene or cellulose.

The prior art lubricant rod, adopted as the closest analogue (RF patent 2388635, 05/10/2011), consisting of a shell filled with lubricant, in which the shell is made of a laminate, such as wood plastic, or graphite, or paper impregnated with liquid glass or fabric, or polyethylene, subjected to artificial destruction, and the lubricant, consisting of a lubricating composition with additives, additionally contains foam glass in the following ratio, wt.%:

Bitumen 5-80 Graphite 5-80 Polyethylene 5-10 Molybdenum disulfide 5-10 Foam glass 5-10

According to one of the options, the shell of the lubricating rod is formed by impregnating liquid paper (for example, liquid glass in accordance with GOST 13078-81) with paper or porous fabric, followed by cylindrical shaping on a forming mandrel. Introduction to the composition of the shell of the core of silicate material allows abrasion of the shell on the friction surface to form on it silicate wear-resistant boundary layers with improved tribological characteristics.

The shell of the lubricating rod according to the options with the other claimed materials is formed by using finished cylindrical products of the estimated length and wall thickness, for example, in the form of graphite bushings, or wood plastic, or pieces of a polyethylene pipe subjected to destruction. A lubricating rod is obtained by filling the cavity of the shell with preheated lubricant until it is completely filled, followed by cooling to room temperature.

The disadvantage of this lubricant rod is the discrepancy with the technical requirements of Russian Railways OJSC for lubricants for lubrication of the contact zone of wheels and rails in terms of easy application at low temperatures of atmospheric air up to minus 45 ° С. Due to the fact that bitumen hardens when the concentration in the composition of the above-mentioned rod exceeds 50% at negative temperatures, the application of the lubricant rod to the wheel flange is slowed down, especially in non-drive type systems, in which there is no forced pressing of the rod to the lubricated surface.

The technical result of the invention is the provision of easy application of a lubricating rod at low temperatures by changing the physical characteristics of the lubricating composition filling the core of the rod by optimizing its composition.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the composition of the lubricating composition filling the lubricating rod containing bitumen and graphite, according to the invention, an aqueous calcium sulfate salt is additionally introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Bitumen 20-40 Graphite 10-30 Calcium sulfate up to 100%

The difference between the lubricant rod and the prototype lies in the presence of calcium sulfate in the range of 30 to 70% with the bitumen-graphite lubricant composition, which provides a soft layered structure of the lubricant composition and stable easy application on the lubricated surface in the temperature range from -50 to +50 ° C.

A lubricating rod is prepared as follows.

As a shell of a lubricating rod, a polymer, graphite-plastic or fabric pipe of cylindrical or other arbitrary shape is used.

The core core lubricant composition is prepared as follows.

They crush bitumen (for example, GOST 6617-76 bitumen) to a fraction of less than 5 mm and mix it with graphite (for example, S-1 graphite TU 13-08-48-63-9) and calcium sulfate. The resulting mixture is stirred until the components are evenly distributed and poured into a container of water in a ratio of 1.5-1.75 parts of the mixture per 1 part of cold water. The resulting aqueous mixture is thoroughly mixed and poured into a vertically mounted shell of the lubricating rod, closed at one end with a technological stopper. After 30–40 min of exposure at room temperature, the mixture solidifies, the technological plug is removed, excess shells are cut off, and the finished lubricating rod is calibrated.

The presence of graphite and bitumen in the composition of the lubricant provides the necessary antifriction and adhesive properties of the lubricant composition.

The introduction of the calcium sulfate salt into the composition of the lubricant makes it possible to obtain the necessary physical characteristics and the soft layered structure of the lubricant composition for its stably easy application on the lubricated surface in the temperature range up to -45 ° C.

To assess the effectiveness of the proposed solutions were tested according to the following methodology. The conditions for applying a lubricant rod to the wheel flange at a temperature of -30 ° C were simulated at a laboratory installation for testing materials for wear of SMT-1M.

The test scheme provided for the presence of a holder for the lubricating rod, which imitated a comb lubricator, and a roller simulating a wheel flange made of carbon steel 65G GOST 1050-81 with a diameter of d = 50 mm; contact width 35 mm. The negative temperature in the contact zone was maintained by the climate chamber.

The complex of measuring equipment made it possible to record: ambient temperature and linear wear of the lubricating rod during the test;

The tests were carried out with a constant pressure of the lubricating rod against the roller 5 N and a constant speed of rotation of the roller 600 rpm - simulating the weight of the lubricating rod and sliding relative to the wheel. The duration of each test is 10 minutes.

The test results are presented in table 1. As a result of tests, it was found that the inventive lubricant rod has better characteristics compared to the prototype, since the wear of the inventive rod and, accordingly, the amount of the lubricant composition applied to the wheel flange when operating at low temperatures is several times higher than that of the prototype.

Claims (1)

Lubricating rod, consisting of a shell filled with a lubricating composition containing bitumen and graphite, characterized in that the composition of the lubricating composition further comprises an aqueous calcium sulfate salt in the following ratio, wt.%:
Bitumen 20-40 Graphite 10-30 Calcium sulfate up to 100%