RU2552109C1 - Multifunctional ground-based system for receiving, processing and distributing remote earth probing information (mnkpor dzz) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: system comprises interconnected automated system for controlling target application of an orbital group of spacecraft for remote earth probing, a common geo-information databank, a data communication system, a ground-based information reception, processing and distribution system, a remote earth probing space system operator and a regional ground-based information reception, processing and distribution system network.

EFFECT: creating information models, structures and technologies which completely reflect processes of making user requests for remote earth probing information taking into account different types of space equipment, providing a single approach to design and production of ground-based equipment of different types of remote earth probing space systems, which facilitate scheduling, reception, processing and distribution of remote earth probing information.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of geographic information systems, namely to automated information systems for remote sensing of the Earth (ERS) from space, which implement integrated approaches for providing space information to end users.

The ground-based complex for receiving, processing, archiving and disseminating information from the Meteor-3M space system (CS) [1] obtained as a result of processing satellite imagery data from spacecraft (SC) spacecraft in various spectral ranges is known.

The disadvantages of the known complex include:

- the functions of the operator of the spacecraft planning the use of the spacecraft and interacting with the flight control center (MCC) are performed by an enterprise that does not directly receive data from the spacecraft;

- Means of receiving data from the spacecraft have various departmental affiliations, which complicates operational interaction;

- there is no information interaction with information systems that coordinate and manage the use of space remote sensing equipment;

- there is no information interaction with information systems that collect, archive and distribute remote sensing materials among consumers at the municipal, federal and state levels;

- filming applications are processed in a non-automated mode [2].

These shortcomings adversely affect the efficiency of providing consumers with satellite information.

The prior art hardware-software complexes (AIC) that provide data reception from meteorological spacecraft, as well as their archiving, preliminary and thematic processing [3]. However, these complexes do not carry out operational interaction with external consumers in terms of receiving applications from them, processing them for planning the use of the spacecraft on-board special complex (BSC) for filming and coordinating work plans with the operators of the control system and the control center.

Also known from the prior art is an automated system for planning the operation of an onboard measuring complex of a spaceborne remote sensing spacecraft for solving a planning task by a CS operator on the basis of incoming applications [4].

However, not being an integral part of the ground-based complex for receiving and processing data, i.e. without the inclusion of receiving complexes, the named system does not provide the required efficiency due to the impossibility of prompt coordination of the operating schedules of the BSC spacecraft and ground-based systems for receiving, processing and providing external and received data and archived data to external consumers.

The prior art knows technical and organizational solutions for transmitting weather messages to consumers over various networks, as well as via e-mail. These technical solutions are aimed only at the delivery of information products from the receiving complex to consumers. However, such telecommunication complexes do not provide reception of data directly from meteorological spacecraft and do not involve the reception and processing of applications for surveys, i.e. they do not provide operational interaction with the operators of the control system and the control center in terms of planning the use of BSC spacecraft.

The basic principles of creating a single geographically distributed information system for remote sensing of the Earth (ETRIS Remote Sensing) from space are known [5]. From the materials of the report it follows that functionally ETRIS Remote Sensing is divided into the following components:

- an information subsystem that provides the processes of storage and dissemination of remote sensing data;

- a subsystem for planning and controlling the processes of obtaining remote sensing data;

- data exchange subsystem;

- Means of receiving and processing remote sensing data.

In more detail, the composition of each of the four subsystems included in the ETRIS remote sensing is described in the article [6]. So, for example, the information subsystem of ETRIS Remote Sensing is constituted by a set of geographically distributed data bank of Roscosmos geoinformation and geoinformation data banks of other departments, organizations and enterprises, united in accordance with the regulatory framework and agreed standards for the processing, storage and presentation of geoinformation and other spatial data. The most important component of this infrastructure, which provides consumers with wide access to remote sensing information in the listed data banks, is the geoportal system. The planning and management of remote sensing data acquisition processes in ETRIS is carried out by control systems in the ground-based complexes of reception, processing and distribution (NKPOR) of each type of remote sensing spacecraft. A special role is given to the automated control system for targeted use (ACS CPU), designed to provide integrated planning and coordination of the functioning of orbital and ground-based facilities in order to most effectively organize the supply of consumers with remote sensing data and their processing products. The telecommunication subsystem for data exchange includes means of telecommunication nodes of organizations that provide remote access for consumers to remote sensing archives of space information, the interaction of ETRIS remote sensing centers, control of external communication channels, etc.

The prototype of the claimed invention is a multifunctional ground-based complex for receiving, processing and disseminating information of remote sensing of the Earth (MNKPOR remote sensing) [7]. The complex contains the ACS of the orbital grouping (OG) of spacecraft (SC) of remote sensing spacecraft, a unified geo-information data bank (EBGD), a data exchange system (SOD), the NKPOR of the operator of the KS remote sensing system and a network of regional NKPOR (or NKPOR regional centers (RC)).

ACS CPU consists of a complex of information support for planning processes for the targeted use of OG KA ERS and management of NKPOR (KIO CPU) and a complex for coordination of targeted use of OG KA ERS and management of the network NKPOR (KKCP DZZ).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to unify the processes of planning and managing the target application in terms of information interaction of information, user and software interfaces.

The objectives of the claimed invention are the implementation of an integrated approach to fulfilling consumer applications for remote sensing information using available space assets for various purposes and technical configuration, coordinating the processes of receiving applications, planning the implementation of their space and ground means, receiving, processing, storing and issuing information to consumers.

The solution of such problems within the framework of the invention leads to the creation of information models that describe the main processes for obtaining remote sensing information, on the basis of which it is possible to further create ground-based means of promising space systems and complexes.

The technical results of the invention are:

- the ability to create information models, structures and technologies that fully reflect the processes of fulfilling consumer applications for remote sensing information, taking into account diverse types of space assets;

- reduction in the time taken to fulfill consumer applications for remote sensing information based on implemented models;

- the possibility of implementing a unified approach to the design and creation of ground-based facilities of diverse types of remote sensing space systems, providing for the planning, reception, processing and dissemination of remote sensing information.

The indicated technical results are achieved by the fact that in the well-known MNKPOR ERS, containing interconnected ACS CPU, EBGD, SOD, NKPOR of the Operator KS ERS and a network of regional NKPOR, while ACS CPU is made containing KIO CPU and KKCP DZZ, moreover, KIO CPU is made containing a complex ballistic support, a complex for the development of current weather forecasts along survey routes, a complex for exposure metering, a complex for exchanging data with external subscribers, a complex for software and hardware information support planning system (KAPS IO), and KKCP DZZ made complete with a complex of interaction with consumers (KVP), a complex of coordination of the targeted use of OG KA DZZ (KKTSP OG), a coordination and management network NKPOR (KKUS NKPOR), a complex coordination and management system DZZ ( KKUS Remote Sensing).

KVP is made containing a complex of receiving from customers (customers) applications for remote sensing information and a set of tasks for the preparation of remote sensing information for the implementation of applications for remote sensing information.

KKTSP OG is made with the possibility of integrated planning of the work of the spacecraft of the orbital group for the implementation of tasks for obtaining remote sensing information. CAPS IO is made with the possibility of organizing and maintaining a single information base for planning, generating and issuing planned and normative-reference documents and generalized information. KKUS NKPOR is made with the possibility of developing and bringing the daily cyclogram of the NKPOR activity.

KKUS ERS made with the possibility of receiving from complexes of reception, registration, primary and standard processing and archiving ERS data, actual data on the results of monitoring objects and sites of territories, transmitting ERS information from the spacecraft and processing the received information.

In FIG. shows the structural diagram of MNKPOR, on which the numbers indicate:

1 - ACS CPU;

1.1 - KIOTsP;

1.1.1 - BWC;

1.1.2. - KRTM;

1.1.3. - KEO;

1.1.4. - THE CODE;

1.1.5. - CAPSIO;

1.2 - KKCP DZZ;

1.2.1 - KVP;

1.2.1.1 - the complex of receiving from consumers applications for remote sensing information;

1.2.1.2 - a set of tasks for the preparation of remote sensing information for the implementation of applications for remote sensing information;

1.2.2. - KKTSPOG;

1.2.3. - KKUSNKPOR;

1.2.4. - KKUSDZZ;

2 - EBGD;

3 - NKPOR Operator KS Remote Sensing;

4 - a network of regional NKPOR (NKPOR regional centers (RC));

5 - data exchange system (SOD);

6 - MCC KA.

The inventive device operates as follows.

To fulfill customer requests, in the general case, plans are made for surveying consumer areas of interest, transferring the received information to the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) and to the NKPOR of the RC (4), processing the received information to the level of the information product specified in the application.

In the process of fulfilling customer applications, the components of MNKPOR remote sensing (ACS CPU (1), EBGD (2), NKPOR Operator KS DZZ (3), NKPOR RC (4)) and NKPOR of individual space systems and complexes (NKPOR KA) (in FIG. not shown). NKPOR spacecraft are developed within the framework of a particular space system, are informationally connected with the components of the MNKPOR remote sensing and are structurally part of the NKPOR of the Operator of the KS remote sensing (3).

The principle of centralized planning and control of the shooting and transmission of information to the NKPOR of the Operator of the KS DZZ (3) and the NKPOR of the RC (4) from the spacecraft of the orbital group with distributed storage of the received and processed remote sensing information in these NKPOR is implemented in MNKPOR Remote Sensing.

In MNKPOR Remote Sensing, several processes for fulfilling customer requests have been technologically implemented, the largest and most informative of which are two.

1. The process of obtaining and issuing remote sensing information with the implementation of the shooting and processing of the received information, containing the following phases:

The phase of receiving customer applications.

1) Consumer applications are received by MNKPOR Remote Sensing from ministries and departments interested in receiving remote sensing information from domestic spacecraft. Applications are accepted at ACS CPU (1), EBGD (2) and at NKPOR RC (4).

2) Applications received at the NKPOR RC (4) are formalized and transmitted in the form of information arrays to the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3). Transfer is carried out using SOD communication facilities (5).

KIO CPU (1.1) from the ACS CPU (1) is a backbone element of MNKPOR, which provides information support for the functioning of the coordination complex for the target use of OG KS ERS and the network control NKPOR (KKTSP OG and NKPOR), planning and management systems for the target equipment KA DZZ, and also providing command-program and service-technological information for organizing the reception and processing of remote sensing information in regional NKPOR.

KKCP DZZ (1.2) from the ACS CPU (1) is intended to provide the activities of managers of various levels, coordination and centralized (sustainable, operational, continuous) management of targeted use of orbital and ground-based remote sensing facilities on a single information basis.

Shooting planning phase.

1) KVP (1.2.1) from the ACS CPU (1) using the reception complex (1.2.1.1) receives applications for remote sensing information from consumers, performs analysis of the available remote sensing information according to EBGD (2) and NKPOR of the Operator of the RS remote sensing (3) ), and on the basis of the analysis performed, the task (s) is formed for the survey of the required area with the required characteristics, and the task for subsequent processing is formed in accordance with the consumer's requirements for the level of the product obtained using the task formation complex (1.2.1.2).

2) To carry out the survey of the required areas with the available orbital means, the CODE (1.1.4) provides information exchange with the spacecraft control center (6) to obtain the initial data for the planning of the survey and information dumping in the NKPOR of the operator of the remote sensing remote sensing system (3) (initial motion conditions, typical graphics control, data on the state of the target equipment, etc.). Information exchange is carried out using communication channels SOD (5) according to the unified protocols of information interaction of the MCC KA (6) - NKPOR Operator KS remote sensing (3) - ACS CPU (1).

3) In the KKTSP OG (1.2.2), comprehensive planning is carried out for the targeted use of orbital means, as well as the distribution of survey resources at the request of consumers. Based on the survey tasks received from the KVP (1.2.1), the operational catalog of the survey areas is formed in the KKZP OG (1.2.2), which contains a list of the earth’s surface areas, the survey of which must be performed using existing functioning orbital means of remote sensing. In addition, the CC of the exhaust gas (1.2.2) develops a comprehensive survey plan for the required areas (in the interval from 2 days to 1 month), on the basis of which a coverage plan for the survey area is formed and it is concluded that it is possible to implement customer applications with available orbital means . The generated catalog of sites and a comprehensive plan are transferred to the NKPOR KA for implementation by means of current planning.

4) In the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3), current (daily) plans for the targeted use of orbital means are developed. In the process of developing the current (daily) plan for the use of orbital means in the NKPOR of the Operator of the ERS remote sensing system (3) in the ACS of the CPU (1), the task of providing current meteorological systems with current planning complexes is daily solved. This problem is solved in KRTM (1.1.2) and is implemented by information interaction between the planning complexes of the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS remote sensing (3) and KRTM (1.1.2). The formation of weather forecasts is carried out using operational data from the Roshydrometcentre and data on the planned surveys. The generated weather data for the planned surveys are received in the complexes of the current planning of the NKPOR of the Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Survey (3).

5) In the process of developing the current (daily) plan for the use of orbital means of type observation in the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3) in the ACS of the CPU (1), the task of providing data on the exponometric characteristics of the earth's surface is daily solved. This problem is solved in the KEO (1.1.3) and is implemented by providing data to the NKPOR complexes of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3). The formation of data on the exposure characteristics is carried out on the basis of the reference values of the brightness coefficients of the earth's surface for various dynamic ranges of the target equipment at a given time interval of the current planning. The generated data on the exponometric characteristics of the earth’s surface are received in the current planning complexes of the NKPOR of the Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Surveillance (3).

6) In the process of developing the current (daily) plan for the use of orbital means in the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) in the ACS of the CPU (1), the task of providing daily data for planning the sessions for receiving target information in the NKPOR of the Operator of the KS of RS Remote Sensing (3) and in the NKPOR RC (4). This problem is solved in KKUS NKPOR (1.2.3) on the basis of data on the technical condition of ground-based facilities and time cycles of reception sessions.

The generated initial data for planning the sessions of receiving QI are transmitted to the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) from the KKUS of the NKPOR (1.2.3).

7) The results of the current planning of the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) are transmitted to the MCC KA (6) through the ACS of the CPU (1) using the KOD (1.1.4) and communication equipment SOD (5). Data are information sets laid on board the spacecraft (work programs).

8) The results of the current planning of shooting and dumping in the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3) and in the NKPOR of the RC (4) the target information is transferred from the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3) to the ACS of the CPU (1) for subsequent analysis and a priori estimation of the performance of the survey of sections of applications consumers.

9) As a result of the implementation of work programs onboard the SC, the required areas of the earth's surface are surveyed and the target information is transmitted to the NKPOR of the Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Station (3) and to the NKPOR of the RC (4). Based on the results of the reception and cataloging of information, the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) generates data sets that are transmitted to the KKCP of the OG (1.2.2) ACS of the CPU (1) and serve to analyze the fulfillment of consumer requests based on a posteriori data. Based on the results of the analysis, in KVP (1.2.1), it is concluded that the survey is carried out at the request of the consumer and that target information is received in the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) and in the NKPOR of the RC (4) of the required quality.

In addition to the planning phase, the following devices are used:

1) Ballistic support complex (BWC) (1.1.1) - performs the calculation of the spacecraft maneuvers based on the requirements of the operating organization according to the parameters of the spacecraft’s orbit and the maneuver scheme.

2) A complex of hardware and software tools for information support of planning processes (KAPS IO) (1.1.5) - provides storage in the planning database of information about customers, objects and areas of remote sensing, about the characteristics of remote sensing satellites and shooting equipment for satellite remote sensing, about the technical condition MNKPOR and its component complexes, on technological processes performed by the exhaust gas and MNKPOR on remote sensing and processing of received space information.

3) The complex of coordination and management of the remote sensing system (KKUS remote sensing) (1.2.4) provides: formalization of control information on the reception and processing of information in MNKPOR; formalization of information on the implementation of technological processes for planning the targeted use of OG K A ERS; Monitoring the implementation of remote sensing planning, plans for surveying, receiving and processing remote sensing information in MNKPOR.

The phase of obtaining information.

1) Plans for receiving targeted information are transmitted through the CODE (1.1.4) of the ACS of the CPU (1) and the communication facilities of the SOD (5) to the receiving complexes of the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) and the NKPOR of the RC (4).

2) In reception complexes, communication sessions with the spacecraft are performed (preparation, entry into communication, obtaining information), as a result of which target information obtained as a result of the survey is transmitted from the spacecraft to the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) and to the NKPOR of the RC (4) consumer areas. Information passes registration, initial processing and cataloging, the results of which make a conclusion about the success of obtaining information.

3) Target information after the initial processing is transferred to the archiving facilities of the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3) and the NKPOR of the RC (4).

The planning phase of the processing of target information.

1) After receiving information about the shooting of the required consumer area in the LPC (1.2.1), a task is generated to process the target information to obtain a remote sensing product that meets the requirements of a consumer application for remote sensing information. The processing task in the form of an information array is transferred to the standard and thematic processing complexes of the NKPOR of the Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Station (3).

2) In the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3), data is obtained from archiving complexes or EBGD (2), and initial data are generated to start the processing process.

3) In the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3), standard and thematic processing of the received target information is performed to the level of quality required by the consumer. Processing results in the form of information products of various levels are transmitted to the KVP (1.2.1).

4) KVP (1.2.1) analyzes the sufficiency of the information received to fulfill the consumer's application and performs the issuance of remote sensing information to the consumer. To provide remote sensing information to the consumer, the EBGD (2) (Internet access), FTP-server or electronic media is used.

2. The process of obtaining and issuing remote sensing information using previously obtained (archived) data, containing the following phases: phase of receiving customer applications.

1) Consumer applications are received by MNKPOR Remote Sensing from ministries and departments interested in receiving remote sensing information from domestic spacecraft. Applications are accepted at ACS CPU (1), EBGD (2) and at NKPOR RC (4).

2) Based on the available remote sensing materials in the NKPOR RC (4), it is concluded that it is possible to execute applications using the RCs or about the need to obtain remote sensing information from the EBGD (2) NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3).

3) Applications received in the NKPOR of the RC (4) and implying their implementation using the information of the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3), are formalized and transmitted in the form of information arrays to the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing (3). Transfer is carried out using SOD communication facilities (5).

The planning phase of the processing of target information.

1) After receiving the consumer's application in the KVP (1.2.1) using the KVP means (1.2.1), a task is generated to process the target information to obtain a remote sensing product that meets the requirements of the application for remote sensing information. The processing task in the form of an information array is transferred to the standard and thematic processing complexes of the NKPOR of the Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Station (3).

2) In the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3), data is obtained from archiving complexes or EBGD (2), and initial data are generated to start the processing process.

3) In the NKPOR of the Operator of the RS Remote Sensing Station (3), standard and thematic processing of the received target information is performed to the level of quality required by the consumer. Processing results in the form of information products of various levels are transmitted to the KVP (1.2.1).

4) KVP (1.2.1) analyzes the sufficiency of the information received to fulfill the consumer's application and performs the issuance of remote sensing information to the consumer. To provide remote sensing information to the consumer, the EBGD (2) (Internet access), FTP-server or electronic media is used.

The above processes for fulfilling customer requests can be performed in parallel. Between the complexes of MNKPOR Remote Sensing, numerous informational links are realized, both direct and reverse, additional technological processes at the level of components and individual complexes. The existing constructive and technological design of MNKPOR remote sensing allows fully realizing the applications of state and private consumers for receiving remote sensing information with a sufficient degree of efficiency, reliability and quality.

Information sources

1. Remote sensing of the earth. Reference materials. Issue 1. Space system "Meteor-3M" No. 1. Ed. G.M. Polishchuk et al. // St. Petersburg, Gidrometizdat, 2001.

2. Application form for shooting, http://www.ntsomz.ru/zakaz/data.

3. STC ScanEx Stations, http://www.scanex.ru/ru/stations/net/SGS_Network.pdf.

4. Yu.A. Polushkovsky et al. Automated system for planning the work of the onboard measuring complex of spacecraft DZZ. Materials of the All-Russian Scientific Conference "Modern Problems of Remote Sensing of the Earth from Space" M., IKI RAS, 2003.

5. Report of Loshkarev P.A., Zaichko V.A. at the Ninth All-Russian Open Annual Conference "Modern Problems of Remote Sensing of the Earth from Space", Moscow, IKI RAS, November 14-18, 2011; http://ikiconf.txl.ru/thesisshow.aspx?page=30&thesis=3003.

6. Yu.I. Nosenko, M.V. Novikov, V.A. Zaichko, V.V. Romashkin, P.A. Loshkarev: “A single geographically distributed information system for remote sensing of the Earth - problems, solutions, prospects” (Geomatics magazine GEOMATICS No. 3.4, 2010).

7. P.A. Loshkarev: “The basic requirements for training personnel for the space industry based on the experience of creating terrestrial remote sensing means for the Earth” (http://rekod.ru/upload/pdf/OAO%20NII%20TP.pdf).

Claims (1)

A multifunctional ground-based complex for the reception, processing and dissemination of Earth remote sensing information (MNKPOR Remote Sensing), made in the form of a set of interconnected automated control system for the targeted use (ACS CPU) of the orbital constellation (OG) of spacecraft (SC) of Earth remote sensing, a single bank of geographic information data, a data exchange system, a ground-based complex for receiving, processing and disseminating information (NKPOR) of the Remote Sensing Space System Operator and a network of regional NKPOR,
at the same time, the ACS CPU was implemented containing a complex of information support for the processes of planning the target use of OG KA remote sensing and control NKPOR (KIO CPU) and a complex of coordination of the target use of OG KA ERS and management of the network NKPOR (KKCP DZZ),
moreover, the KIO CPU was made containing a ballistic complex, a complex for developing current weather forecasts along survey routes, a complex for exposure metering, a complex for exchanging data with external subscribers, a complex of software and hardware tools for planning processes information support (KAPS IO),
KKCP DZZ made the complex of interaction with consumers (KVP), a coordination complex of target use of OG KA DZZ (KKTSP OG), a coordination and management network network NKPOR (KKUS NKPOR), a complex of coordination and management of a system of DZZ (KKUS DZZ), characterized in that
KVP is made containing a complex of receiving from customers (customers) applications for remote sensing information and a set of tasks for the preparation of remote sensing information for the implementation of applications for remote sensing information,
KKTSP OG made with the possibility of integrated planning the work of the spacecraft of the orbital group on the implementation of tasks to obtain remote sensing information; CAPS IO is made with the possibility of organizing and maintaining a unified information base for planning, generating and issuing planned and normative-reference documents and generalized information;
KKUS NKPOR is made with the possibility of developing and bringing the daily cyclogram of the NKPOR activity;
KKUS ERS made with the possibility of receiving from complexes of reception, registration, primary and standard processing and archiving ERS data of actual data on the results of monitoring objects and sites of territories, transmitting ERS information from the spacecraft and processing the received information.