RU2551053C1 - Intermediate separate fixing of rails - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the intermediate separate fixing of rails and, in particular, to the design of terminal and rail plate. Design of separate fixing of rails includes two terminals and rail plate. Bearing surface of the terminal on side of the rail plate together with the vertical surfaces adjacent to it, is designed in the form of semicylinders with spherical conjugations. Rail plate for terminal installation has two recesses, corresponding to their shape and sizes.

EFFECT: design of the terminal is simplified, reliability and durability of attachment of rails is improved.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to an intermediate separate fastening of rails and, in particular, to the design of the terminal and rail lining.

A known design of the terminal GOST 22343-90 and rail linings GOST 16277-93, used in the design of a separate terminal bolt mounting rails. Terminal bolts are inserted into the grooves of the flanges. A U-shaped terminal is put on each terminal bolt, then tighten the nut with the spring washer. With one surface, the terminal rests on the rail lining, the other - presses the rail against the rail lining.

The terminal offset relative to the rail lining is limited by the gaps between the flange and the terminal itself, as well as by the tightening force of the terminal bolt. The lack of fixation of the terminal in the horizontal plane relative to the rail lining reduces the effectiveness of such fastening.

As a prototype, the design of the intermediate separate rail fastening was selected, protected by patent RU 2486306 C1, IPC EB 9/38, published on June 27, 2013, Bull. Number 18. In this design, the terminal is made of two sheets and two spikes connected by welding. For the studs of two terminals, four holes are made in the rail lining - two on each side. The spikes inserted with a gap in the holes made for them in the rail lining fix the terminal in the horizontal plane, allowing the terminal to move angularly when performing the rail clamp function.

Assembly and welding operations used in the manufacture of the prototype terminals complicate and extend the technology of its manufacture.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the design of the terminal and rail lining. The new terminal design eliminates assembly operations. Separate terminal surfaces have additional functions of interaction with other mounting parts (leaf springs, rail lining). In this case, the prototype functions to fix the terminal relative to the rail lining.

The technical result of the present invention is to simplify the design of the terminal. The welding operation is excluded from the process, which leads to lower costs and manufacturing time. Increases reliability and durability.

This result is achieved by the fact that the supporting surface of the terminal on the side of the rail lining, together with the vertical surfaces adjacent to it, is made with half cylinders with spherical mates, and the rail lining has two corresponding recesses for mounting the terminals.

The proposed changes in the design of the terminal and rail lining can be applied not only in the prototype, but also in a separate terminal-bolt fastening of the rails. Fixing the terminal in the recess of the rail lining will reduce the height of the flanges and the terminal itself.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 - terminal for clamping the rail leaf springs;

Figure 2 is a view A of figure 1;

Figure 3 - terminal assembly on a rail lining;

Figure 4 is a section bB of figure 3;

5 is a terminal with a hole for mounting;

6 is a view B of figure 5.

Terminal 1 of FIGS. 1, 2, intended for clamping the rail with leaf springs, is made of steel sheet with a thickness of “A1”. In the upper part on the terminal there is a platform 2 of FIGS. 1, 2 with a width of "a2" and a height of "a3", through which leaf springs press the terminal against the rail. The terminal has a surface 3 of figures 1, 2 with a width of "a4" of figure 2, to which it presses the rail. The supporting surface 4 of FIGS. 1, 2, with which the terminal rests on a rail lining, has a sectional thickness “a5” in FIG. 1 and a length “a6” in FIG. 2. The supporting surface 4 of FIGS. 1, 2 and the adjacent vertical surfaces 5 of FIG. 2 are made with a half cylinder of radius “Ra7” of FIG. 1. The mating of the supporting surface 4 of FIGS. 1, 2 with the adjacent vertical surfaces 5 of FIG. 2 is made by a sphere of radius “Ra7” of FIG. 2.

On the rail lining 6 of FIGS. 3, 4, on the outer surface from the flanges 7 of FIG. 3, two recesses 8 of FIGS. 3 and 4 are made for terminal 1 with a semi-cylindrical surface of radius "Ra7" with spherical mates of radius "Ra7" of figure 4. The length of the recess 8 of figure 4 on the rail lining 6 of figure 4 is "a6", which is equal to the length of the supporting surface 4 of figure 2. The height of the recess 8 of Fig.6 is equal to "a8". Thus, the two recesses on the rail lining correspond to the supporting surface of the terminal.

Terminal 9 of FIGS. 5, 6 with an opening 10 of FIG. 5 is manufactured according to the dimensions of the terminal GOST 22343-90. The supporting surface 11 of FIGS. 5, 6, with which the terminal 9 of FIGS. 5, 6 rests on a rail lining, has a thickness “a5” of FIG. 5 and a length “a6” of FIG. 6. The supporting surface 11 of FIG. 6 and the vertical surfaces 12 of FIG. 4 adjacent thereto along the length “a9” of FIG. 6 are made with a half-cylinder of radius “Ra7” of FIG. 5 and are mated with a sphere of radius “Ra7” of FIG. 6.

The installation of the terminal intended for pressing the rail with leaf springs on a rail lining with a rail is performed as follows. On the rail lining of figure 3, 4 (pre-laid on a railroad tie with an elastic gasket) between the flanges 7 a rail rail is laid, then the rail. On both sides of the flanges, two terminals 1 are installed on the recesses 8.

The terminals with the hole of the proposed design are put on the terminal bolts during assembly and installed in the recesses made for them in the rail lining on both sides of the flanges.

During operation, several factors affect the terminal. Firstly, the deformation of the rail during the passage of rolling stock. Secondly, the under-rail gasket is worn and its thickness decreases. In both cases, the terminal laid in the half-cylindrical recess of the rail lining will make angular rotations. The next factor affecting the terminal is the rail voltage caused by a change in their temperature. The proposed design eliminates the movement of the terminal relative to the rail lining in the horizontal plane. The magnitude of the discharge of rail temperature stresses depends only on the magnitude of the clamping force of the terminal and the friction coefficient between the rail and the terminal.

The choice of sizes of the proposed terminal design and rail lining is due to the following considerations. The thickness of the sheet "A1" is selected from the calculation of the strength of the terminal from the influence of the maximum force of its clamp. The width of the pad "a2" and its height "a3" should provide terminal clamp parameters with leaf springs. The radius value of the semi-cylindrical surfaces of the terminals of Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 "Ra7" should be 1-2 mm more than half the thickness of the support sheet "a5", which will allow these surfaces to be made qualitatively without burrs. To ensure the expected angular rotations of the terminal, the size of the depth of the cylindrical recess on the rail lining "a8" of Fig.6 should be 1-2 mm less than "Ra7". The dimensions of the pads 2, 3, 4 of FIG. 1 must be checked for crushing from the maximum clamping force of the terminal. In some cases, when the size of the recess "a8" of Fig. 4 is not limited, the thickness of the lower surface of the terminal "a5" may be equal to the thickness of the sheet "a1". The size "a6" for the terminals GOST 22343-90 is equal to this width specified in GOST, minus the machining allowance. For terminals designed to clamp the rail with leaf springs, the size "a6" can be 15-20 mm smaller.

The terminal intended for clamping the rail with leaf springs can be made of steel sheet by a flexible operation. The machining of semi-cylindrical surfaces, spherical conjugation of the terminal, recesses in the rail lining is performed by milling.

As a result, a universal design of the terminal and rail lining for different designs of intermediate rails fastening is proposed. The terminal is fixedly fixed relative to the rail lining in the horizontal plane and provides angular turns when the rail is pressed. Improves the reliability and durability of the terminal due to the simplification of its design.

Claims (1)

Intermediate separate rail fastening, including two terminals and a rail lining, characterized in that the supporting surface of the terminals on the side of the rail lining, together with adjacent vertical surfaces, is made with half cylinders with spherical joints, and the rail lining for installing the terminals has two recesses corresponding to them shape and size.

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