RU2550137C2 - Lubricant composition of synthetic turbine oil for steam turbine plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: present invention refers to a lubricant composition of synthetic turbine oil for steam turbine plants which contains a base consisting of a mixture of base components: polyalphaolefins having a viscosity of 5.6-6.1 mm²/s at 100°C and trimethylol propanol ester of carboxylic acids C₆-C₁₂ having a viscosity of 3.9-4.1 mm²/s at 100°C and a flash point of more than 240°C, in ratio of polyalphaolefins and polyester 55.0-60.0:35.0-40.0 wt % respectively, as well as a complex of multi-functional additives per 100% of the base, which contains the additives as follows: anti-wear additives - liquid ash-free thiophosphate 3-(diisobutyloxythiophosphoryl sulphanyl)-2-methyl propionic acid; liquid ash-free triphenylphosphothionates liquid - a mixture of triphenylthiophosphate and tert-butylphenyl derivatives; dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester having a viscosity of 260 mm²/s at 100°C and 4,100 mm²/s at minus 40°C and a molecular weight of approximately 4,500 Ketjenlube 1,300; antioxidants - dioctyldiphenylamine; a high-molecular phenol additives - tetrakis methylene[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]methane, Irganox L-101; tris-di-tert-butylphenyl-phosphite; a metal deactivator - a tolutriazole derivative - a mixture of N-bis(2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyltolutriazol isomers; a corrosion inhibitor - alkylene-succinic acid half-ester having a viscosity of 26-40 mm²/s at 100°C and an anti-foam additive - a non-ionic aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon surfactant, Synative AC AMH2.

EFFECT: producing the synthetic turbine oil possessing the high antioxidative property, low hydroscopic property, demulsibility, corrosion resistance and anti-wear properties.

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Description

The invention relates to compositions of high-quality turbine oils used for lubricating block steam turbine plants for various purposes in accordance with the prior art.

Turbine oils are known containing petroleum oil as a base.

Thus, turbine oils are known from SU 288213, containing petroleum oil and a number of auxiliary additives (additives) as a base basis (in mass%):

PMS-200A polymethylsiloxane liquid - up to 0.005

2,6-ditretbutyl-4-methylphenol - up to 1

Pentatecynyl succinic acid ester - B-15/410 - 0.02

Diproxamine-157 - up to 0.01 Petroleum oil - the rest

Another oil is known having the following composition, wt.% (SU 810768, 1981):

2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol 0.2-1.0

Quinizarin - 0.01-0.05

Alkenyl succinic acid ester - 0.02-0.1

Ethylene diamine or propylene glycol or alkyl phenol polyoxypropylene glycol ether - 0.02-0.2

Polymethylsiloxane - 0.003-0.005

Petroleum oil - the rest

The disadvantage of these oils is the relatively low stability against oxidation at temperatures above 100 ° C.

Turbine oil is known from SU 521304, which contains mineral oil as a base and a package of the following additives in wt.%: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (ionol, agidol-1) - 0.2-0, 5

Alkenyl succinic acid ester (additive B-15/41) - 0.02-0.03

A copolymer of ethylene and propylene oxides (diiproxamine D-157) - 0.01-0.02

Nitrogen-containing block

Quinizarin - 0.01-0.05

Polymethylsilocane - 0.003-0.0005

Mineral oil up to 100

A disadvantage of the known oil is the insufficiently high stability against oxidation, which is necessary to ensure the long-term operation of modern turbine units.

At present, TP-22 s petroleum turbine oil (TU 38.101821-2001) [Fuels, lubricants, technical fluids] are used in block steam turbine installations (hereinafter BPU) of marine equipment. Assortment and application: Reference book / I.G. Anisimov, K.M. Badyshtova, S.A. Bnatov et al .; Ed. V.M. Shkolnikov. "Techinform", 1999. - 596 p.].

Tp-22u oil has insufficient thermal oxidative stability at temperatures above 100 ° C, forming precipitation on the elements of the oil system.

The mandatory requirements for turbine oils, in particular for turbine oils intended for block steam turbine plants, are high performance characteristics:

- high antioxidant ability up to 200 ° C;

- low hygroscopicity;

- demulsibility;

- anticorrosion resistance;

- antiwear properties.

Currently, synthetic base materials are increasingly being used as base oils (base stocks) in lubricating compositions.

It is also known that the high properties of lubricants are also achieved by adding additives of preferably multifunctional action to the base mineral and / or synthetic oils of lubricant compositions that improve the tribological, antioxidant, anticorrosive and other properties of the operating lubricants.

During the life cycle, turbine oils constantly get into

water.

It is known, in particular, the synthetic lubricant oil B-ZV (TU 38.101295-85), intended for the lubrication of aviation friction units of gas turbine engines and gearboxes, is used in block steam turbine installations of marine equipment.

The oil is made on the basis of pentaerythritol ether with a complex of additives.

Under conditions of use (BPU), B-3B oil undergoes hydrolysis, has increased hygroscopicity, does not separate from water, because the oil density is close to 1.0, aggressive to metals in the presence of water, has insufficient thermal oxidative and anti-wear properties.

Marketable oil B-3V has unsatisfactory anti-rust properties. When tested by GOST 19199, the surface of steel rods immersed in oil containing free water and stirred at 60 ° C is rusted after 4 hours of testing. When tested by ASTM D 943 (up to 20% water, 95 ° C, oxygen supply) after two days, the entire volume of oil in the reaction vessel was a homogeneous opaque mass of red color, from which rust clots coagulated during subsequent sediment.

The technical task of the claimed composition is to obtain a synthetic turbine oil for lubricating block steam turbine plants, which has a complex of improved characteristics, namely:

- high antioxidant ability up to 200 ° C;

- low hygroscopicity;

- demulsibility;

- high anticorrosion resistance;

- sufficient antiwear properties

in special conditions of its operation, as well as expanding the range of synthetic turbine oils of the specified purpose.

The stated technical problem and the achieved technical result are achieved by the lubricating composition of synthetic turbine oil for steam turbine plants, includes a base consisting of a mixture of basic components: polyalphaolefins with a viscosity of 5.6-6.1 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and trimethylolpropane ether of carboxylic acids C ₆ -C ₁₂ with a viscosity of 3.9-4.1 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and a flash point of more than 240 ° C, with a ratio of polyalphaolefins and polyester respectively 55.0-60.0: 35.0-40.0 mass %, as well as a complex of multifunctional additives based on 100% of the base, which includes additives: antiwear - liquid ashless thiophosphate 3- (diisobutoxythiophosphoryl sulfanyl) -2-methyl propionic acid; liquid ashless triphenylphosphonate - a mixture of triphenylthiophosphate and tert-butylphenyl derivatives; dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester with a viscosity of 260 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and 4100 mm ² / s at minus 40 ° C and a molecular weight of about 4,500 Ketjenlube 1300; antioxidants - dioctyl diphenylamine; high molecular weight phenolic - tetrakismethyl [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, Irganox L-101; tris-di-tert-butylphenyl phosphite; metal deactivator - a derivative of tolutriazole - a mixture of isomers of N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyltolutriazole; corrosion inhibitor is a half-ester of alkylene succinic acid with a viscosity of 26-40 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and an antifoam additive is a nonionic surfactant based on aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, Synative AC AMN2 in the following ratio of components, mass. %:

The specified basis - a mixture of basic components one hundred The specified liquid ashless dithiophosphate 0.06-0.09 The specified liquid ashless triphenylphosphonate 0.2-0.8 The specified dibutyl ether dicarboxylic 1.0-4.0 Acids Dioctyl diphenylamine 0.5-2.5 The specified high molecular weight phenolic antioxidant - tris-ditretbutylphenylphosphite 0.3-0.8 The specified derivative of tolutriazole 0.05-0.3 The specified half-ester of alkylene succinic acid 0.05-0.2 Nonionic surfactants based on aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Synative AC AMH2 0.003-0.007

Below are more detailed characteristics of the components used to obtain the synthetic turbine oil according to the claimed invention, indicating the sources of information governing their main characteristics.

This table is a specific example of the claimed oil, illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

The following is a description of a general example of the preparation of a synthetic turbine oil according to the invention, illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

Brief Process Description

Mixing the basic components: the calculated amount of polyester is heated to 80 ° C, polyalphaolefins are added with stirring, then additives are added sequentially, except for the antifoam additive, mixing until completely dissolved at a temperature of (80-120) ° C. An antifoam additive is introduced into the homogeneous composition with stirring in a stream of nitrogen for at least 1 hour. The resulting oil is filtered.

Despite the fact that the multifunctional additives used are known additives of lubricants for various purposes, nevertheless, in the declared synthetic turbine oil of the indicated purpose (for block steam turbine units) they are used together with the base used (a mixture of trimethylolpropane polyester and polyalphaolefins, in certain ratios selected in the result of experimental studies), bring a set of valuable properties to the final product - synthetic turbine oil, which orye meet the currently existing higher requirements for turbine oil this purpose. The combination of a base (a mixture of the above polyester with polyalphaolefins) with certain characteristics. With a set of selected multifunctional additives (anti-wear, antioxidant, deactivating, corrosion inhibitors and antifoam additives) they contribute to the achievement of high antioxidant ability at temperatures up to 200 ° C, low hygroscopicity, high anticorrosion resistance in conditions of water entering the oil, demulsibility and the required tribological characteristics.

Table 2 shows information about the effect of the additives used and their effect on the final product obtained according to the claimed invention, synthetic turbine oil for block steam turbine plants.

Moreover, the specified technical result is achieved not only by the qualitative composition, but also by the quantitative content of all these components.

table 2 Information on the complex effect of the components of synthetic turbine oil on the final properties of the product according to the invention Component Its effect on product properties A mixture of selected synthetic hydrocarbons The ratio of ether to polyalphaolefin is optimized to obtain a low degree of hygroscopicity, demulsibility in the event of water ingress, oxidation resistance, and low volatility. The optimal concentration of additives is recommended to improve tribological characteristics with the elimination of adverse side effects of thermal stability on metals and hygroscopicity of oil Ether polymer Oil film stabilizer. Helps improve antiwear properties without the need for high concentrations of antiwear additives Mixture of Antioxidants Antioxidant protection selected to improve performance. The synergistic effect of antioxidants improves antiwear properties at higher temperatures Metal deactivator Protection of non-ferrous metals. Does not affect the hydrolytic properties of the oil Corrosion inhibitor Introduced to protect metal parts working in water, prevents rust, has a side effect on hydrolytic properties Antifoam additive Limitations of foam formation at low temperatures

Table 3 presents some of the properties of synthetic turbine oil in comparison with the well-known B-ZV base oil used in block steam turbine units of marine vessels.

Table 3 The results of the assessment of the basic properties of synthetic turbine oil Indicators A comparison example of the well-known standard oil B-ZV Properties of the claimed oil Test procedure Party number 1 1. Hygroscopicity,% 0.3 0.15 Decision TMK No. 23 / 1-96 of 04.16.79 2. Corrosion on steel rods with distilled water (24 hours) Corrosion after 4 hours, 75 g / m ² Ots. GOST 19199 3. Corrosion on a copper plate (100 ° C 3 hours) Group 2 yellow Ots. GOST 2917 ISO 2160 4. Demulsification, sec 182 sec 77.0 ASTMD 1401 5. Thermo-oxidative stability at 200 ° C: - acid number, mg KOH 6.5 0.8 GOST 23797 6. Anti-wear properties: - diameter of the wear spot, mm 0.65 0.35 GOST 9490

Thus, as follows from the data obtained according to the invention, the synthetic turbine for steam turbine plants is slightly superior to the well-known synthetic B-ZV oil used in the control room of ship facilities in terms of antioxidant ability, hygroscopicity, demulsibility, anticorrosion properties, resistance, and tribological properties.

Claims (1)

The lubricating composition of synthetic turbine oil for steam turbine plants includes a base consisting of a mixture of basic components: polyalphaolefins with a viscosity of 5.6-6.1 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and trimethylolpropane ester of carboxylic acids C ₆ -C ₁₂ with a viscosity of 3.9 -4.1 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and a flashpoint of more than 240 ° C, with a ratio of polyalphaolefins and polyester respectively 55.0-60.0: 35.0-40.0 wt.%, As well as a complex of multifunctional additives calculated on a 100% basis, which includes additives: antiwear - liquid ashless thiophosphate 3- (di zobutoksitiofosforilsulfanil) -2-methyl propionic acid; liquid ashless triphenylphosphonate - a mixture of triphenylthiophosphate and tert-butylphenyl derivatives; dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester with a viscosity of 260 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and 4100 mm ² / s at minus 40 ° C and a molecular weight of about 4,500 Ketjenlube 1300; antioxidants - dioctyl diphenylamine; high molecular weight phenolic - tetrakis methylene [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, Irganox L-101; tris-di-tert-butylphenyl phosphite; metal deactivator - a derivative of tolutriazole - a mixture of isomers of N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyltolutriazole; corrosion inhibitor is a half ester of alkylene succinic acid with a viscosity of 26-40 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and an antifoam additive is a nonionic surfactant based on aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, Synative AC AMN2 in the following ratio, wt.%:
The specified basis - a mixture of basic components one hundred The specified liquid ashless dithiophosphate 0.06-0.09 The specified liquid ashless triphenylphosphonate 0.2-0.8 Specified Dicarboxylic Acid Dibutyl Ether 1.0-4.0 Dioctyl diphenylamine 0.5-2.5 The specified high molecular weight phenolic antioxidant - tris-di-tert-butylphenylphosphite 0.3-0.8 The specified antioxidant is high molecular weight phenolic - tetrakis methylene [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane 0.8-1.0 The specified derivative of tolutriazole 0.05-0.3 The specified half-ester of alkylene succinic acid 0.05-0.2 Nonionic surfactants based on aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Synative AC AMH2 0.003-0.007