CN104059717A - Antioxidant composition, lubricating oil composition and method for improving oxidation resistance of lubricating oil - Google Patents

Antioxidant composition, lubricating oil composition and method for improving oxidation resistance of lubricating oil Download PDF

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CN104059717A
CN104059717A CN201310093432.7A CN201310093432A CN104059717A CN 104059717 A CN104059717 A CN 104059717A CN 201310093432 A CN201310093432 A CN 201310093432A CN 104059717 A CN104059717 A CN 104059717A
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antioxidant composition
lubricating oil
composition
antioxidant
oil
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CN104059717B (en
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苏朔
段庆华
周涵
武志强
龙军
王立华
李新华
赵毅
代振宇
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides an antioxidant composition, a lubricating oil composition containing the antioxidant composition, and a method for improving oxidation resistance of lubricating oil. The antioxidant composition of the invention comprises alkylated diphenylamine, phenothiazine and sulfurized hindered phenol. The antioxidant composition and the lubricating oil composition provided in the invention are low in sulfur, low in ash, free of phosphorus, and less in high-temperature thermal volatilization loss, can significantly improve the oxidation stability of lubricating oil under a high temperature condition and a metal ion catalytic condition, effectively prolong the service life of lubricating oil, and meet the requirements for blending high-grade lubricating oil.

Description

The method of antioxidant composition, lubricating oil composition and raising lubricating oil antioxygen property
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antioxidant composition, particularly a kind of antioxidant composition that is applicable to lubricating oil.
Background technology
Lubricating oil, in the use procedure in the fields such as oil engine, automatic transfer equipment, stand the test of harsh Working environment.Lubricating oil is through chemical transformation such as a series of oxidation, polymerization, decomposition, finally form coke, colloid, bituminous matter and acidic substance etc., and then produce a series of negative consequences, as viscosity and acid number increase, generation paint film or greasy filth, the sticky ring of motor bearing burn into piston etc., the properties of grievous injury lubricating oil, reduction of service life, to such an extent as to affect the normal work of engine, even can damage machine.Good oxidation stability is a Key Performance Indicator of lubricating oil.
For a long time, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) be a kind of in lubricating oil field widely used antioxygen, anti-corruption, wear-resistant multipurpose additive, it not only can remove free radical, can also be more stable compound by hydroperoxide decomposition, avoid a large amount of formation of free radical, thereby extend the work-ing life of lubricating oil.But ZDDP provides more metallic element, and it is the main source of phosphorus in lubricating oil, element sulphur.Along with the raising of environmental requirement, greatly develop protosulfate ash content, low-phosphorous, low sulfur lubricating oil has become an inexorable trend in top-grade lubricating oil research field.This just needs crankcase oil should have low-down phosphorus content, and therefore, the usage quantity of traditional oxidation inhibitor ZDDP in high-grade I. C. engine oil is subject to strict restriction.
Therefore, in order to reduce P in lubricating oil, S constituent content, that people constantly attempt developing is low-phosphorous, low-sulfur is even without phosphorus, without the antioxidant system of sulphur, meet the requirement of top-grade lubricating oil.As patent US5167844 discloses a kind of lubricating oil composition, said composition component comprises dialkyl dithiophosphate (ester), pentanoic or thiodiphenylamine, hindered amine and hindered phenol, stable to improve oxidation of lubricating oil.Patent GB1360981 discloses a kind of lubricating oil composition, and said composition comprises the antioxidant ingredients consisting of phosphorodithioate zinc or phosphorodithioate, alkylated diphenylamine or thiodiphenylamine and hindered phenol.Patent US5091099 discloses a kind of lubricating oil mixture consisting of arylamine and hindered phenol, and wherein, amine: phenol=2:1～6:1, can prevent that oil product is aging, effectively controls the formation of black greasy filth.Patent EP2173803 discloses a kind of anti-oxidant compositions being comprised of octyl group/butylation pentanoic, thiodiphenylamine and (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid stearyl, can effectively improve the oxidative stability of polyurethane high molecule material.
Although the lubricating oil composition in above-mentioned document has added other antioxidant or used other antioxidant, thereby reduced the content of the P in lubricating oil, S.But, because the metal ingredient in mechanical means and engine component forms impurity, and form metal ion under the effect of lubricating oil acidic oxidation products.The ion of these transition metal can the free radical chain initiation reaction of catalytic hydrocarbon quasi-molecule and the homolysis of hydroperoxide decompose, thereby accelerate oxidation of lubricating oil degradation rate, reduce the oxidation stability of oil product.And engine is towards small volume, high-power future development, load increases, and working temperature progressively raises, and the oxidizing reaction rate that this has further improved lubricating oil self significantly shortens its work-ing life.In addition, under hot conditions, the hot volatilization loss of lubricating oil antioxidant increases, and this will cause the further reduction of the high-temperature oxidation stability of lubricating oil.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of antioxidant composition, comprise the lubricating oil composition of this antioxidant composition and improve the method for lubricating oil antioxygen property.
Antioxidant composition of the present invention comprises alkylated diphenylamine, thiodiphenylamine and sulfuration hindered phenol.
The structure of described alkylated diphenylamine is:
R wherein 1, R 2be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C20, the preferred alkyl of C2～C10, the most preferably tertiary butyl, iso-octyl or nonyl, R 1and R 2be preferably placed at amino contraposition or ortho position.
Described alkylated diphenylamine can select butyl/octyl group to mix pentanoic, butyl/octyl diphenylamine T534 that the IRGANOX L57 that for example German BASF Ciba company produces, Beijing Xing Pu company produce, right, right '-di-iso-octyldiphenylamine, the VANLUBE81 that the IRGANOX L01 that for example German BASF Ciba company produces, U.S. Vanderbilt company produce is, the RC7001 that TUV chemical company produces, dinonyldiphenylamine, the T558 that for example Hui Fatianhe Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jinzhou produces.
The massfraction of described alkylated diphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 50%～85%, preferably 55%～80%, most preferably 60%～75%.
The structure of described thiodiphenylamine is:
R wherein 3, R 4be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C20, preferably the alkyl of H or C1～C10.Described thiodiphenylamine most preferably 3,7-diisooctyl thiodiphenylamine, its structure is:
3,7-diisooctyl thiodiphenylamine can be by patent US2,781,318 method preparations.
The massfraction of described thiodiphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 3%～30%, preferably 5%～20%, most preferably 10%～15%.
The structure of described sulfuration hindered phenol is:
R wherein 5, R 6, R 7and R 8be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C10, preferred H, methyl, the tertiary butyl or octyl group, most preferable or the tertiary butyl; M and n are respectively 0 or 1.One or more in the preferred following structural material of described sulfuration hindered phenol:
Described sulfuration hindered phenol can select 2, 2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), antioxidant 2246-S that for example Wanke Chemical Co., Ltd., Zibo produces, 4, 4'-sulphur di-(the 6-tertiary butyl-2-methylphenol), the oxidation inhibitor 736 that for example De Baiyi Trade Co., Ltd. in Zibo produces, 4, 4 '-sulfo--bis--(3-methyl-6 tert.-butyl phenol), the antioxidant 300 that for example the bright Chemical Co., Ltd. of Nanjing Holley produces, 2, 2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-octyl group-6-tert.-butyl phenol), the oxidation inhibitor 2244S that for example De Baiyi Trade Co., Ltd. in Zibo produces, two (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxy phenyl) thioether, can be by document " Synthesis and Hypocholesterolemic Activityof Alkylidenedithio Bisphenols " (M.B.Neuworth, R.J.Laufer, J.W.Barnhart, et al.Journal of Medicine Chemistry, 1970, 13 (4): 722-725) disclosed method preparation, two (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxybenzyl) thioether, the oxidation inhibitor methene 4426-S that for example Ling Chi chemical company in Changzhou produces.
Described sulfuration hindered phenol most preferably 2,2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and/or 2,2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-octyl group-6-tert.-butyl phenol).
The massfraction of described sulfuration hindered phenol in antioxidant composition is 5%～45%, preferably 10%～30%, most preferably 15%～25%.
The present invention also provides a kind of lubricating oil composition that comprises above-mentioned antioxidant composition, wherein contains above-mentioned antioxidant composition and lubricating base oil.Described lubricating base oil can be selected one or more in I, II, III, IV and V class lubricating base oil, preferably II class and/or III class lubricating base oil.Described antioxidant composition accounts for 0.1%～30% of lubricating oil composition total mass, and preferably 0.1%～10%.In described lubricating oil composition, can also add the lubricating oil additive of other kind, such as purification agent, dispersion agent, anti-wear agent, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant, rust-preventive agent and kilfoam.
In described lubricating oil composition, can also add purification agent, dispersion agent, oxidation and corrosion inhibitor, friction improver and viscosity index improver to prepare preferred composition oil of gasoline engine.The mixture of the preferred calcium sulphonate of described purification agent and calcium sulfenyl phenolate, both mass ratioes are 1:3～3:1, its add-on is 1.0～5.0% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass; The number-average molecular weight of the preferred polyisobutenyl of described dispersion agent (PIB) part 800～2500 polyisobutene succinimide and or boronation polyisobutene succinimide, its add-on is 3.0～7.0% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass; The preferred zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate of described oxidation and corrosion inhibitor, its add-on is 0.6～1.0% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass; The mixture of described friction improver preferred oil soluble organic molybdenum salt and the ashless friction improver of polyol ester, its add-on is 0.1～0.5% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass; Described viscosity index improver optimal ethylene propylene copolymer, its add-on is 3.0～10% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass; The preferred polymethacrylate of described pour point depressant, its add-on is 0.1～0.5% of composition oil of gasoline engine total mass.
Lubricating oil composition of the present invention is that the lubricating oil additive mix and blend modulation of alkylated diphenylamine, thiodiphenylamine and sulfuration hindered phenol and lubricating base oil and non-essential other kind is obtained.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that improves lubricating oil antioxygen property, it is characterized in that, described antioxidant composition is joined in lubricating oil, and the add-on of described antioxidant composition is quality of lubrication oil 0.1%～30%, and preferably 0.1%～10%.
Antioxidant composition low-sulfur provided by the invention, low ash, without phosphorus, high warm volatilization loss is few, can significantly improve the oxidation stability of lubricating oil under hot conditions and metal ion catalysis condition, effectively extend the work-ing life of lubricating oil, meet the requirement of allotment top-grade lubricating oil.
Antioxidant composition of the present invention can effectively delay the deterioration by oxidation of lubricating oil in the high-temperature zones such as engine piston skirt section, piston wall and piston ring top; also can significant prolongation lubricating oil the work-ing life under the impurity catalytic condition such as metal ion in crankcase; can be used in protection internal combustion (IC) engine lubricating oil, as petrol engine oil, diesel engine oil, marine engine crankcase oils, railway high speed diesel engine oil, motorcycle engine wet goods.Antioxidant composition of the present invention can also be for the industrial lubricant of working under hot conditions, as turbine oil, hydraulic efficiency oil, chain oils, compressor oil, gear oil, spindle oil, slushing oil, guide rail wet goods.
Lubricating oil composition low-sulfur provided by the invention, low ash, high-temperature oxidation stability is good, long service life.
Embodiment
Below by example, further describe the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this.
The raw material using and source:
Butyl/octyl group is mixed pentanoic, butyl/octyl diphenylamine T534 that Beijing Xing Pu company produces;
Right, to '-di-iso-octyldiphenylamine, the IRGANOX L01 that BASF Aktiengesellschaft produces;
Dinonyldiphenylamine, the T558 that Jinzhou Hui Fatianhe Chemical Co., Ltd. produces;
3,7-diisooctyl thiodiphenylamine, is prepared by patent US2781318 method;
The thiodiphenylamine replacing without alkyl, purchased from Wuxi City auxiliary chemicals factory;
2,2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), the 2246-S that Wanke Chemical Co., Ltd., Zibo produces;
2,2 '-sulfo--bis--(4-octyl group-6-tert.-butyl phenol), the 2244S that Zibo De Baiyi Trade Co., Ltd. produces;
II class lubricating base oil 150N, Jingmen petrochemical industry; III class lubricating base oil 150N, the two dragons of Korea S;
The oxidation inhibitor relating in comparative example comprises:
(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid stearyl, 1076 of the bright Chemical Co., Ltd. of Nanjing Holley production, its structure is:
2,2 '-thiobis [3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) ethyl propionate], 1035 of Milan, Nanjing Chemical Co., Ltd. production, its structure is:
The pungent primary alkyl zinc dithiophosphate of fourth, the T202 that Beijing Xing Pu company produces.
Respectively prepared by the oxidation inhibitor allotment of above-mentioned different structure to embodiment 1-8 and the comparative example 1-8 of antioxidant composition of the present invention, it forms respectively in Table 1, table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
Comparative example 1 is three component antioxidant compositions (by the preparations of patent EP2173803 method); Comparative example 2 is two-pack antioxidant composition (by the preparation of patent US5091099 method), and wherein the mass ratio of amine and phenol two components is 9:2; Comparative example 3 is traditional phosphorous two-pack antioxidant composition; Comparative example 4-6 is the independent a kind of oxidation inhibitor in the present invention's three component oxidation inhibitor; Comparative example 7,8 is two kinds of oxidation inhibitor in the present invention's three component oxidation inhibitor.
These antioxidant compositions are joined in II class hydrogenation lubricating base oil respectively, prepare embodiment 9-16 and the comparative example 9-16 of lubricating oil composition of the present invention, its formula forms respectively in Table 3 and table 4.
Table 3
Table 4
The embodiment 9～16 of lubricating oil composition and comparative example 9～16 have been carried out respectively to pressurization differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC, Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and thin layer oxygen uptake oxidation test (TFOUT, Thin-Film Oxygen Uptake), concrete test-results is in Table 5.PDSC test is mainly used in evaluating the oxidation stability of lubricating oil under hot operation condition, and test temperature is 210 ℃, and pressure is 0.5MPa, and oxygen gas flow rate is 100mL/min.The test temperature of TFOUT is 160 ℃, adopts IIIE catalyzer, the Working environment of main simulated engine crankcase, and being suitable for simulation has metal ion, NO x, the severe condition of the impurity such as the fuel after oxidation under existing, be a kind of method of Fast Evaluation I. C. engine oil oxidation stability.
Table 5
Lubricating oil composition PDSC oxidation induction period/min TFOUT oxidation induction period/min
Embodiment 9 15.5 45
Embodiment 10 31.8 93
Embodiment 11 59.2 108
Embodiment 12 41.3 88
Embodiment 13 38.4 108
Embodiment 14 33.5 74
Embodiment 15 70.7 134
Embodiment 16 68.5 104
Comparative example 9 12.6 25
Comparative example 10 24.8 53
Comparative example 11 19.8 81
Comparative example 12 11.3 29
Comparative example 13 18.4 42
Comparative example 14 23.5 38
Comparative example 15 41.4 80
Comparative example 16 42.0 92
As can be seen from Table 5, antioxidant composition of the present invention has significantly improved the PDSC of lubricating oil composition and the oxidation induction period of TFOUT, and can in PDSC and two kinds of simulation tests of TFOUT, have longer oxidation induction period simultaneously.
Respectively by these antioxidant compositions and purification agent, dispersion agent, oxidation and corrosion inhibitor, friction improver, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant and formulation of base oil, preparing viscosity grade is embodiment 17-21 and the comparative example 17-19 of the low-phosphorous low ash content petrol engine lubricating oil composition of SL/GF-3 of 5W/30, and its formula forms in Table 6.
Embodiment 17-21 and comparative example 17-19 have been carried out respectively to pressurization differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC), thin layer oxygen uptake oxidation test (TFOUT) and viscosity growth test (VIT).The test temperature of PDSC is 220 ℃, and the test temperature of TFOUT is 160 ℃.VIT test temperature is 160 ℃, and oxygen flow is 5L/h, and calculating viscosity growth velocity of variation (Δ v) is 375% time.Test-results is listed in table 7.
As can be seen from Table 7, the present invention's three component antioxidant compositions have effectively improved petrol engine oxidation of lubricating oil stability, and oil product obtains significant prolongation work-ing life, than comparative example, PDSC oxidation induction period has extended 20%～90%, TFOUT oxidation induction period and has extended 20%～60%.Aspect the growth of control viscosity, be slightly better than comparative example.The present invention's three component antioxidant compositions can meet the needs of the high-grade I. C. engine oil of allotment.
Table 6
Table 7
Composition oil of gasoline engine PDSC/min TFOUT/min VIT-Δv（375%）/h
Embodiment 17 39.5 169 96
Embodiment 18 34.3 174 94
Embodiment 19 39.8 175 95
Embodiment 20 43.2 195 98
Embodiment 21 45.6 210 99
Comparative example 17 24.7 138 88
Comparative example 18 28.4 133 84
Comparative example 19 23.9 141 90

Claims (13)

1. an antioxidant composition, comprises alkylated diphenylamine, thiodiphenylamine and sulfuration hindered phenol.
2. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described alkylated diphenylamine is:
R wherein 1, R 2be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C20.
3. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described R 1, R 2the alkyl of difference C2～C10, R 1and R 2be positioned at amino contraposition or ortho position.
4. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described thiodiphenylamine is:
R wherein 3, R 4be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C20, preferably the alkyl of H or C1～C10.
5. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that described R 3, R 4be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C10.
6. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described sulfuration hindered phenol is:
and/or
R wherein 5, R 6, R 7and R 8be respectively the alkyl of H or C1～C10; M and n are respectively 0 or 1.
7. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, wherein R 5, R 6, R 7and R 8be respectively H, methyl, the tertiary butyl or octyl group.
8. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described alkylated diphenylamine is that butyl/octyl group is mixed pentanoic, right, right ' one or more in-di-iso-octyldiphenylamine and dinonyldiphenylamine, described thiodiphenylamine is 3,7-diisooctyl thiodiphenylamine, described sulfuration hindered phenol is one or more in following structural material:
9. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the massfraction of described alkylated diphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 50%～85%, the massfraction of described thiodiphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 3%～30%, and the massfraction of described sulfuration hindered phenol in antioxidant composition is 5%～45%.
10. according to antioxidant composition claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the massfraction of described alkylated diphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 55%～80%, the massfraction of described thiodiphenylamine in antioxidant composition is 5%～20%, and the massfraction of described sulfuration hindered phenol in antioxidant composition is 10%～30%.
11. 1 kinds of lubricating oil compositions, comprise antioxidant composition and lubricating base oil that one of claim 1-10 is described.
12. 1 kinds of composition oil of gasoline engine, comprise antioxidant composition, purification agent, dispersion agent, anti-wear agent, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant and lubricating base oil that one of claim 1-10 is described.
13. 1 kinds of methods that improve lubricating oil antioxygen property, is characterized in that, the antioxidant composition one of claim 1-10 Suo Shu is joined in lubricating oil.
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