CN101851549A - Engine oil of long-service life gasoline engine - Google Patents
Engine oil of long-service life gasoline engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides engine oil of a long-service life gasoline engine, which comprises basic oil and additives, wherein the additives comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 4.0 percent to 6.0 percent of dispersing agents, 2.5 percent to 4.5 percent of detergent additives, 0.2 percent to 0.8 percent of corrosion inhibitors, 0.1 percent to 0.2 percent of antioxidizers, 0.01 percent to 0.15 percent of nanometer copper wear resistance agents, 5.0 percent to 9.0 percent of viscosity index improving agents, 0.3 percent to 0.5 percent of pour point reducers and the balance of basic oil, wherein the basic oil is semisynthesis composite basic oil consisting of API type III basic oil accounting for 40 percent to 65 percent of the mass percentage of the basic oil and 35 percent to 60 percent of poly-alpha olefin synthesis oil. The engine oil can meet the requirements of high-temperature high-speed automobile and motorcycle engines, and can ensure that the engines are always in a good lubricating state, in addition, the service life is long, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the engine oil field, be specifically related to a kind of petrol engine machine oil.
Background technology
The main effect of lubricating oil in machinery is to reduce friction and slow down wearing and tearing, to guarantee the effective and secular work of machinery, next is cooling effect, the torrid zone that lubricating oil produces in the time of can be with mechanical friction is walked, keep certain thermal equilibrium state, control machinery is worked in certain temperature range, prevents that Yin Wendu from constantly raising and part of damage; Also have protective effect, sealing function and cleanup action etc. in addition.Protective effect is to prevent that metal is subjected to air and the corrosion of other chemical gas.Sealing function is meant the lubricating oil that oil engine is used, and can prevent that the gas of combustion chamber from scurrying into crankcase by the gap between cylinder wall and the piston.Cleanup action is that lubricating oil can wash away the pollutents such as some abrasive dusts between friction surface in circulating oiling system, and is carried to oil sump and removes through precipitation or after filtering.
Engine oil claims internal combustion (IC) engine lubricating oil again, is called for short machine oil, is the lubricant medium of each moving parts in the engine system, has effects such as lubricated, cooling, cleaning and sealing.Build the quickening of resource-conserving and friendly environment society's paces along with China, energy-conservation and environmental regulation harsh day by day, engine is towards high speed, high compression ratio, lightweight, directions such as windage is little develop, cause engine operating temperature and mechanical shearing speed to improve constantly, the working temperature of engine further raises, the working conditions of engine oil is harsh day by day, oxidation takes place, cracking, chemical actions such as polymerization, produce carbon deposit, settling such as paint film and greasy filth, cause the engine oil working life to shorten, can cause that as untimely changing oil oxidation corrosion increases, carbon distribution and wearing and tearing increase, power descends, and fuel oil consumption and pollutant emission such as increase at phenomenon, when serious even can occur because of the engine motor oil accidents such as causing the engine damage that can not meet the demands.Therefore, the performance of engine oil directly influences efficiency of engine, oil consumption, output rating, work-ing life and discharging etc.
Aspect the investigative technique of engine oil, the present majority of China still adopts API I class base oil (solvent-refined mineral oil), adds multiple additives such as oxidation and corrosion inhibitor, detergent-dispersant additive, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant.Because the refining degree of I class base oil is lower, cause antioxidant property relatively poor, be easy to generate settlings such as carbon deposit in the use, it is relatively poor to add the additive temperature tolerance that matches, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of modern high temperature and high speed engine long time use, therefore, the oil draining period of China's petrol engine oil has only 5000～8000 kilometers usually.It is base oil that American-European developed country has adopted with synthetic ester and poly alpha olefine synthetic oil, add multiple high-performance additives again, the engine oil of making can reach 30000～40000 kilometers work-ing life, significantly reduced the pollution of the consumption of engine oil and used oil to environment, but the cost of complete synthesis engine oil has limited it greatly and has applied than 3～5 times of mineral innages.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of petrol engine machine oil, and long service life can reach 30000 kilometers, and every index can satisfy the service requirements of modern engine.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of petrol engine machine oil comprises: base oil and additive;
The weight percent composition that described additive comprises is:
Dispersion agent 4.0%-6.0%,
Purification agent 2.5%-4.5%,
Anti-corrosion additive 0.2%-0.8%,
Oxidation inhibitor 0.1%-0.2%,
Nano antiwear agent 0.01%-0.15%,
Viscosity index improver 5.0%-9.0%,
Pour point depressant 0.3%-0.5%;
Surplus is a base oil, and described base oil is that to account for the base oil mass percent be the semi-synthetic composite foundation oil that the polyalphaolefin synthetic oil of 40%～65% API III class base oil and 35%～60% is formed.
As preferably, described dispersion agent is high relative molecular weight dispersion agent or singly hangs in the succimide dispersion agent one or both.
As preferably, described high relative molecular weight dispersion agent is one or both in double focusing iso-butylene succimide or the poly iso-butylene succimide.
As preferably, described purification agent is one or both in over base sulfosalt or the middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates.
As preferably, described over base sulfosalt is calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate or the magnesium salts of base number more than or equal to 300mgKOH/g.
As preferably, described in base number sulfenyl phenolate salt base number at calcium sulfenyl phenolate or the magnesium salts of 150mgKOH/g～250mgKOH/g.
As preferably, described anti-corrosion additive is one or both in zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate or the zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate.
As preferably, described oxidation inhibitor is alkylphenol.
As preferably, described viscosity index improver is SSI less than 20 ethylene-propylene copolymer or SSI less than in 20 the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer one or both.
As preferably, described pour point depressant is one or both in polyalphaolefin or the polymethacrylate.
Petrol engine machine oil provided by the invention can adapt to high temperature and high speed automobile and motorcycle engine needs, its performance satisfies the index request of SL 5W/30 fully, can guarantee that engine is in good lubricating status all the time under various weather condition and operating conditions, long service life, can reach 30000 kilometers service requirements, and cost is lower.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
Petrol engine machine oil provided by the invention comprises base oil and additive, and wherein the weight percent composition that comprises of additive is:
Dispersion agent: 4.0%-6.0%, purification agent: 2.5%-4.5%, oxidation and corrosion inhibitor: 0.2%-0.8%, oxidation inhibitor: 0.1%-0.2%, nano antiwear agent: 0.01%-0.15%, viscosity index improver: 5.0%-9.0%, pour point depressant: 0.3%-0.5%;
Surplus is a base oil, and base oil is semi-synthetic composite foundation oil, and the composition that comprises is: API III class base oil: account for 40%～65% of base oil quality, the polyalphaolefin synthetic oil: account for 35%～60% of base oil quality.API III class base oil is to make with full hydrogenation technique, considerably beyond I class base oil and II class base oil, especially has higher viscosity index and very low volatility on performance.Polyalphaolefin synthetic oil (PAO) has good consistency as base oil to additive, and the viscosity index height, pour point is low, low temperature viscosity is little, the high-temperature thermal oxidation good security, and price is lower.
Additive can improve the performance of engine motor oil, divides main dispersion agent, purification agent, anti-corrosion additive, oxidation inhibitor, anti-wear agent, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant by function.Dispersion agent can effectively resist the formation of low temperature greasy filth, disperses engine sludge and carbon deposit.Dispersion agent is preferably high relative molecular weight dispersion agent or single hangs in the succimide dispersion agent one or both among the present invention, is specifically as follows weight percent and is 3.0%～4.0% high relative molecular weight dispersion agent and 1.0%～2.0% single succimide dispersion agent of hanging.High relative molecular weight dispersion agent can be in double focusing iso-butylene succimide or the poly iso-butylene succimide one or both, and good thermal stability has good high-temperature and disperses sedimental abilities such as engine sludge and carbon deposit; Single extension succimide dispersion agent is a mono butonediimide, and the low temperature dispersive ability is fine, can effectively resist the formation of low temperature greasy filth.
Purification agent can be removed carbon deposit that engine motor oil at high temperature forms, paint film etc.Purification agent is preferably one or both in over base sulfosalt or the middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates among the present invention, is specifically as follows 2.0%～3.0% over base sulfosalt and 0.5%～1.5% middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates.Over base sulfosalt is preferably calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate or the magnesium salts of base number more than or equal to 300mgKOH/g, can effectively remove carbon deposit and paint film, have simultaneously excellent in and the ability of the acidic substance that generate of oxidation, rust-preventing characteristic is good, and certain dissemination is arranged; Middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates is preferably calcium sulfenyl phenolate or the magnesium salts of base number at 150mgKOH/g～250mgKOH/g, have good acid neutralization capacity and high temperature detergency, and have anti-oxidant preferably, wear-resistant and corrosion resistance, act synergistically with other additive compound tense.
Anti-corrosion additive can prevent burning, delay engine oil to starting the corrosion of component.Anti-corrosion additive is preferably one or both in zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate or the zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate among the present invention, and 0.1%～0.5% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and 0.1%～0.3% zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate specifically can be weight percentage.Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has good inhibition oil oxidation, prevents the corrosive ability that it is effective to resistance to wear simultaneously; Zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate (ZDTC) has good inhibition oil oxidation, prevents the corrosive ability, and anti-simultaneously extreme pressure ability is strong, and the resistance to elevated temperatures excellence is not phosphorous, can not cause the engine catalytic converter to poison.
Oxidation inhibitor can suppress the oxidation of oil product, and passive metal prolongs the work-ing life of oil product to the katalysis of oxidation, the protection engine.Oxidation inhibitor of the present invention is preferably alkylphenol, and alkylphenol has resistance to elevated temperatures preferably.
Anti-wear agent is preferably the nanometer copper particle of the particle diameter of chemically modified at 15nm～25nm, and nanometer copper particle has good antiwear oxidation ability, and is especially outstanding to the repair ability at engine scuffing position.
Viscosity index improver can oil product viscosity index, improve its viscosity temperature characteristic.Viscosity index improver of the present invention be preferably shear stability index (SSI) less than 20 ethylene-propylene copolymer or SSI less than in 20 the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer one or both, be specifically as follows weight percent and be 3.0%～5.0% SSI less than the SSI of 20 ethylene-propylene copolymer and 2.0%～4.0% less than 20 hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer.The ethylene-propylene copolymer preferred molecular weight is 40000～80000, has excellent shear stability, thermostability and thickening capabilities preferably; Hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer (HSD) preferred molecular weight is 50000～80000, and strong to the thickening capabilities of base oil, anti-mechanical shearing is effective, the high temperature performance excellence, and it is few to make oil product generate settlings such as carbon deposit in engine.
Pour point depressant is used to reduce the temperature of solidification of lubricating oil, improves the oil product fluidity at low temperature.Pour point depressant is preferably one or both in polyalphaolefin or the polymethacrylate among the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The weight percent composition of additive is:
3% double focusing iso-butylene succimide, 2% mono butonediimide, 2% base number is the calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate of 300mgKOH/g, 1% base number is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate of 200mgKOH/g, 0.5% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, 0.1% zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% alkylphenol, 0.08% particle diameter is the nanometer copper particle of 15nm～25nm, 4.0% molecular weight is 60000 ethylene-propylene copolymer, 4.0% molecular weight is 80000 hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 0.3% polyalphaolefin;
83% base oil, base oil is made up of 45% API III class base oil and 55% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.
Embodiment 2:
The weight percent composition of additive is:
5% double focusing iso-butylene succimide, 4.5% base number is the synthetic sulfonic acid magnesium of 300mgKOH/g, 0.3% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, 0.4% zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.2% alkylphenol, 0.1% particle diameter is the nanometer copper particle of 15nm～25nm, and 9.0% molecular weight is 80000 hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 0.5% polymethacrylate;
80% base oil, base oil is made up of 40% API III class base oil and 60% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.
Embodiment 3:
The weight percent composition of additive is:
3.5% T-155 poly iso-butylene succimide, 1.5% mono butonediimide, 4% base number is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate of 250mgKOH/g, 0.5% zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.15% alkylphenol, 0.15% particle diameter are the nanometer copper particle of 15nm～25nm, and 3.0% molecular weight is 50000 ethylene-propylene copolymer, 3.0% molecular weight is 60000 hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 0.4% polyalphaolefin;
83.8% base oil, base oil is made up of 60% API III class base oil and 40% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.
Embodiment 4:
The weight percent composition of additive is:
6% mono butonediimide, 2.5% base number is the calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate of 400mgKOH/g, 1% base number is the sulfenyl phenolate magnesium of 200mgKOH/g, 0.1% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, 0.3% zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% alkylphenol, 0.05% particle diameter are the nanometer copper particle of 15nm～25nm, 6.0% molecular weight is 70000 ethylene-propylene copolymer, 0.45% polyalphaolefin;
83.5% base oil, base oil is made up of 50% API III class base oil and 50% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.
The technical indicator of the engine motor oil of embodiment preparation the results are shown in Table 1 after tested:
Table 1 engine motor oil technical indicator test result
| Flash-point (opening) ℃ is not less than | ??215 | ??238 | ??312 | ??287 | ??261 | ??GB/T3536 |
| Low-temperature dynamic viscosity (20 ℃ mPas) are not more than | ??7000 | ??4800 | ??4350 | ??4270 | ??4610 | ??GB/T6538 |
| Temperature pumping viscosity (20 ℃ mPas) are not more than when no yielding stress | ??60000 | ??39000 | ??35000 | ??37800 | ??36000 | ??SH/T0562 |
| High-temperature high shear viscosity (150 ℃, 10 5s -1), mPas is not less than | ??3.7 | ??3.9 | ??4.1 | ??4.0 | ??4.5 | ??GB/T0618??GB/T0703 |
| Spumescence (FT/FS), 24 ℃ of mL/mL are not more than 93.5 ℃ and are not more than back 24 ℃ and are not more than | ????10/0??20/0??10/0 | ????0/0??0/0??0/0 | ????0/0??0/0??0/0 | ????0/0??0/0??0/0 | ????0/0??0/0??0/0 | ????GB/T12579 |
| Flash-point (opening) ℃ is not less than | ??215 | ??238 | ??312 | ??287 | ??261 | ??GB/T3536 |
| Vaporization losses (massfraction), % be not more than the Angelika Noack method (250 ℃, 1h) | ??18 | ??12 | ??14 | ??15 | ??12 | ??SH/T0059 |
| Mechanical impurity (massfraction), % is not more than | ??0.01 | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | ??GB/T511 |
| Moisture content (percent by volume), % is not more than | Vestige | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | ??GB/T260 |
| Base number (in KOH), mgKOH/g | Report | ??9.6 | ??8.8 | ??8.3 | ??9.4 | ??SH/T0251 |
| Sulfated ash (massfraction), % | Report | ??1.36 | ??1.49 | ??0.85 | ??1.41 | ??GB/T2433 |
| Sulphur (massfraction), % | Report | ??0.13 | ??0.23 | ??0.45 | ??0.11 | ??GB/T387 |
| Phosphorus (massfraction), % | Report | ??0.04 | ??0.02 | ??0 | ??0.009 | ??GB/T17476 |
| Nitrogen (massfraction), % | Report | ??0.09 | ??0.11 | ??0.11 | ??0.16 | ??GB/T9170 |
Machine oil to embodiment 1 preparation carries out road test, adopts No. 0325 instruction carriage (Lifan 520 types, 1.6L, three railway carriage or compartments) of Lifan, Chongqing motor corporation to test.Be to investigate test oil aged deterioration situation in use, every 5000 kilometers to its sampling Detection, the data such as the table 2 of this road test:
Table 2 road test data
| Actual service life/km | ??0 | ??4995 | ??9995 | ??14995 | ??19995 | ??24995 | ??30000 |
| 100 ℃ of kinematic viscosity, mm 2/s | ??15.46 | ??15.10 | ??14.85 | ??14.80 | ??14.86 | ??14.94 | ??15.37 |
| 100 ℃ of kinematic viscosity reduced rates, % | ??0 | ??2.33 | ??3.94 | ??4.27 | ??3.88 | ??3.36 | ??0.58 |
| Pentane insolubles, % | ??0 | ??0.011 | ??0.059 | ??0.104 | ??0.32 | ??0.411 | ??0.657 |
| Iron level, C μ g/mL | ??0 | ??1.235 | ??1.966 | ??2.415 | ??3.314 | ??3.989 | ??4.944 |
| Iron level in the oil sample, ppm | ??0 | ??20.219 | ??37.085 | ??48.214 | ??69.269 | ??77.431 | ??89.262 |
| Absorbancy | ??0.22 | ??0.35 | ??0.481 | ??0.653 | ??0.801 | ??0.899 | |
| Open flash point, ℃ | ??253 | ??249 | ??243 | ??248 | ??246 | ??249 | ??249 |
The machine oil of the present invention preparation 100 ℃ of viscosity in 30000 kilometers of drivings changes in the scope ± 25%, in the standard range of changing oil of gasoline engine oil.In this test, viscosity was on a declining curve before this, and this mainly is to cause viscosity degradation after the viscosity index improver high speed shear in the engine oil, and near 15000 kilometers, viscosity progressively rises, and this may oxidation to occur relevant with engine motor oil.
Find out that by test-results petrol engine machine oil provided by the invention is longer work-ing life, have good sticking warm nature, shear stability and low-temperature performance, reached the technical requirements of SL 15W/40 engine oil, passed through 30000 kilometers actual road tests, cost is lower.
The gasoline engine oil of the present invention's preparation has also passed through the authentication of the German Benz of Mercedes 229.1 standards, and the oil draining period is above 30000 kilometers.
More than petrol engine machine oil provided by the present invention is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a petrol engine machine oil is characterized in that, comprising: base oil and additive;
The weight percent composition that described additive comprises is:
Dispersion agent 4.0%-6.0%,
Purification agent 2.5%-4.5%,
Anti-corrosion additive 0.2%-0.8%,
Oxidation inhibitor 0.1%-0.2%,
Nano copper antiwear agent 0.01%-0.15%,
Viscosity index improver 5.0%-9.0%,
Pour point depressant 0.3%-0.5%;
Surplus is a base oil, and described base oil is that to account for the base oil mass percent be the semi-synthetic composite foundation oil that the polyalphaolefin synthetic oil of 40%～65% API III class base oil and 35%～60% is formed.
2. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described dispersion agent is one or both in high relative molecular weight dispersion agent or the single extension succimide dispersion agent.
3. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described high relative molecular weight dispersion agent is one or both in double focusing iso-butylene succimide or the poly iso-butylene succimide.
4. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described purification agent is one or both in over base sulfosalt or the middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates.
5. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described over base sulfosalt is calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate or the magnesium salts of base number more than or equal to 300mgKOH/g.
6. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described middle base number sulfenyl phenolate salt base number is at calcium sulfenyl phenolate or the magnesium salts of 150mgKOH/g～250mgKOH/g.
7. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described anti-corrosion additive is one or both in zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate or the zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate.
8. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oxidation inhibitor is alkylphenol.
9. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described viscosity index improver is SSI less than 20 ethylene-propylene copolymer or SSI less than in 20 the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer one or both.
10. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pour point depressant is one or both in polyalphaolefin or the polymethacrylate.
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