RU2549772C1 - Grain concentrate preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of grains and flour treatment as well as to flour semi-products and ready flour goods. For the grain concentrate preparation one uses unhulled wheat, rye, triticale, oat and barley grains, moisture content being 11-13%, which are cleared from impurities and separately soaked in a buffer solution, the ratio of grains to buffer being 1:1, at a temperature of 45-50°C during 6-8 hours till grain moisture content is equal to 40-42% so that to avoid grains sprouting; the buffer solution consists of sodium acetate and acetic acid with pH level equal to 4.6 and containing a mixture of Xybeten®-cel enzyme preparations in an amount of 0.005-0.01% and a phytase-containing preparation in an amount of 0.02-0.04% of the grain dry substances weight; the phytase-containing preparation contains xylanase and phytase enzymes; the preparation phytase activity is equal to 20000 units/g; xylanase activity is equal to 830 units/g; grains milling is performed after drying till moisture content is equal to 11-13% and particles size is equal to 0.04-0.06 mm. Preliminarily prepared cereal grains are mixed at an equal ratio.

EFFECT: invention allows to reduce the soaking process, create a grain concentrate having high nutritive value and increased technological, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of processing of grain or flour, as well as to semi-finished products and finished flour products.

Closest to the proposed invention is a method of preparing a grain concentrate, comprising cleaning seeds of cereal grains from impurities, soaking, drying, grinding; as the seeds of cereal grains, triticale grain is used, which is soaked in a buffer solution consisting of citric acid and sodium citrate with a pH of 4.5, containing the enzyme preparation Celloviridin G20x or a complex enzyme preparation based on phytase F-4.2 V FD-UF in an amount of 0 , 05-0.1% of the mass of dry solids of the grain with a grain: buffer ratio of 2: 1 and a temperature of 40-50 ° C for 9-12 hours until the grain reaches a moisture content of 40-43%, preventing grain germination, grain grinding is carried out after drying to a moisture content of 11-14% and a particle size of 0.05-0.08 mm ( see RF patent No. 2344609, IPC A21D 13/00, A23L 1/105, publ. 01/27/2009).

The disadvantage of this method is that with prolonged soaking of the grain, amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes are activated, which hydrolyse starch and gluten proteins, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the finished product and the production of flour products with a sticky crumb.

The use of triticale grains as seeds of cereal crops results in a product with a low content of gluten, β-glucan and reduced physico-chemical quality indicators for the baking industry.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce the soaking process, to create a grain concentrate of high nutritional value, which has enhanced technological, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a grain concentrate, including cleaning seeds of cereal grains from impurities and grinding them, in contrast to the prototype, a mixture of wheat, rye, triticale, oats and barley with a moisture content of 11-13% is used as grain seeds , which is soaked separately in a buffer solution consisting of sodium acetate and acetic acid with a pH of 4.6, containing a mixture of Xibeten®-cel enzyme preparations in an amount of 0.005-0.01% and a phytase-containing preparation containing xylan enzymes zyu and phytase, while the phytase activity of the drug is 20,000 units / g, and the xylanase activity is 830 units / g, in an amount of 0.02-0.04% by weight of dry solids of the grain with a grain: buffer ratio of 1: 1 and a temperature of 45- 50 ° C for 6-8 hours until the grain reaches a moisture content of 40-42%, preventing the germination of grain, then grain is crushed after drying to a moisture content of 11-13% to a particle size of 0.04-0.06 mm, after which it is previously prepared grain cereals are mixed in equal proportions.

The technical result consists in reducing the soaking process to 6-8 hours, increasing nutritional value through the use of a mixture of crops, technological, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

The enzyme preparation Xibeten®-cel is similar to the well-known preparation Celloviridin G20x. However, Xibeten®-cel is a new generation drug: micro-granulated, does not lose flowability during storage, does not dust, is well distributed in the grain mass, and the producer strain Trichoderma longibrachiatum TW-1. The Xibeten®-cel drug contains a complex of enzymes cellobiohydrolase, β-glucanase, xylanase (cellobiohydrolase activity - 3365 units / g, β-glucanase activity - 3016 units / g, xylanase - 15995 units / g). The drug has a higher xylanase activity than Celloviridin G20x. Xylanase catalyzes the hydrolysis of hemicellulose. As a result, the destruction of hemicelluloses occurs, forming a shielding layer on the surface of cellulose microfibrils without affecting cellulose fibers. The enzymes that make up the drug complex exert pressure on the pore walls of the shells and microcracks in cellulose micelles. Cellulose fibers do not lose shape, but loosen and water penetrates into the spaces between them, increasing interfibrillar gaps (see Sinitsyn A.P., Gusakov V.I., Chernoglazy V.M. Biochemistry of lignocellulosic materials. - M.: Publishing House Moscow State University, 1995 .-- 224 p.). Processing with an enzyme preparation softens the structure of the peripheral parts of the grain, accelerates its swelling, reducing the process of soaking and germination of the grain.

The hydrolysis of hemicelluloses leads to the formation of xylooligosaccharides, which interfere with the interaction of starch with gluten proteins, which slows down the process of staling starchy foods (see O. Kislukhina, Enzymes in the production of food and feed. - M., DeLiprint, 2002. - 336 p.).

A phytase-containing preparation is used for complex hydrolysis of hemicellulose and phytin, which is a chelating agent and binds divalent and trivalent cations (Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ , Fe ³⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ and others). The producer of the phytase-containing drug is Penicillium canescens. The composition of the drug includes xylanase and phytase enzymes (phytase activity of 20,000 units / g, xylanase - 830 units / g). The low availability of amino acids and phosphorus is associated with the phytin complex (see Kuznetsov A., Imangulov Sh., Avdonin B. New feed phytase enzyme in feed for broilers. // Effectively ptahivnitstvo i tvarinnstvo. - 2004. - No. 4. - P. 17. -eighteen). Hydrolysis of phytin produces phytic acid, which is a stronger antioxidant than tocopherols (see Ahn Hyun-Joo, Kim Jae-Hyun, Kim Mi-Jung Comprasion of irradiated phytic acid and other antioxidations for antioxidant activity // Food Chem., 2004 .v.88. No. 2. p.173-178).

Acetane buffer components are widely used in the food industry. Acetic acid is a preservative, has antimicrobial properties (see Egorov G.A. Management of technological properties of grain. - Voronezh: Voronezh State University, 2000. - 348 s).

Table 1 shows the antimicrobial activity of the acetate buffer solution relative to the test cultures of microorganisms of typical strains of the genera Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor, Rhizopus.

The method is as follows.

For the production of a grain concentrate, peeled wheat, rye, triticale, oats and barley with a moisture content of 11-13%, purified from extraneous impurities, are soaked separately in a buffer solution consisting of sodium acetate and acetic acid with a pH of 4.6, containing a mixture of enzyme preparations Xibeten®-cell in an amount of 0.005-0.01% and a phytase-containing preparation containing xylanase and phytase enzymes, while the phytase activity of the drug is 20,000 units / g, and the xylanase activity is 830 units / g, in an amount of 0.02-0.04 % by weight of dry matter of grain at ootnoshenii grain: buffer 1: 1 and a temperature of 45-50 ° C vtechenie 6-8 h to achieve 40-42% moisture grain without preventing germination of grain. Then the grain is crushed after drying to a moisture content of 11-13% to a particle size of 0.04-0.06 mm. Then the pre-prepared cereal grain is mixed in equal proportions.

Example 1. For the manufacture of a grain concentrate, peeled wheat, rye, triticale, oats and barley grains, purified from foreign impurities, with a moisture content of 11-13%, which are soaked separately in a buffer solution consisting of sodium acetate and acetic acid with a pH of 4.6, containing a mixture of Xibeten®-cel enzyme preparations in an amount of 0.005% and a phytase-containing preparation containing xylanase and phytase enzymes, while the phytase activity of the preparation is 20,000 units / g, and the xylanase activity is 830 units / g, in an amount of 0.02% by weight of solids grains at a grain: buffer ratio of 1: 1 and a temperature of 45 ° C for 8 hours until the grain reaches a moisture content of 40%, preventing the germination of grain. Then the grain is crushed after drying to a moisture content of 11-13% to a particle size of 0.04-0.06 mm. Then the pre-prepared cereal grain is mixed in equal proportions.

Example 2. For the manufacture of a grain concentrate, peeled wheat, rye, triticale, oats, and barley grain with a moisture content of 11-13%, which is soaked separately in a buffer solution consisting of sodium acetate and acetic acid with a pH of 4.6, containing a mixture of Xibeten®-cel enzyme preparations in an amount of 0.01% and a phytase-containing preparation containing xylanase and phytase enzymes, while the phytase activity of the drug is 20,000 units / g, and the xylanase activity is 830 units / g, in an amount of 0.04% by weight solids grain When grain ratio: buffer 1: 1 at 50 ° C for 6 hours to achieve 42% moisture grain without allowing germination of grain. Then the grain is crushed after drying to a moisture content of 11-13% to a particle size of 0.04-0.06 mm. Then the pre-prepared cereal grain is mixed in equal proportions.

The chemical composition of the grain concentrate is presented in table 2.

Microbiological indicators of the quality of the grain concentrate are shown in table 3.

The antioxidant activity of the grain concentrate is shown in table 4.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the proposed method allows on average:

- reduce the duration of the process of soaking crops to 6-8 hours;

- increase the content of fiber and β-glucan 3 and 2 times, respectively, starch - by 14.5%, hemicellulose - by 46.7%, protein - by 56.4%, vitamins - by 3.4-9.7% mineral substances - by 8.9-91.2%;

- reduce the amount of KMAFAnM, spore-forming bacteria and molds and yeasts by 57.3, 100 and 70%, respectively;

- increase the antioxidant activity of the grain concentrate 4 times.

A method of manufacturing a grain concentrate can be used at food industry enterprises in the production of convenience foods and flour products. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce the soaking process, slow down the staling process of bakery products, and obtain a grain concentrate of increased biological value with antimicrobial properties.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a grain concentrate, comprising cleaning seeds of cereal grains from impurities, soaking, drying, grinding, characterized in that the grain of wheat, rye, triticale, oats and barley with a moisture content of 11-13% are soaked separately in a buffer solution consisting of sodium acetate and acetic acid with a pH of 4.6, containing a mixture of Xibeten®-cel enzyme preparations in an amount of 0.005-0.01% and a phytase-containing preparation containing xylanase and phytase enzymes, while the phytase activity of the drug is 20,000 units / g, and xyl anase - 830 u / g, in an amount of 0.02-0.04% of the mass of dry solids of the grain with a grain: buffer ratio of 1: 1 and a temperature of 45-50 ° C for 6-8 hours until the grain reaches a moisture content of 40-42 %, preventing the germination of grain, then grain is crushed after drying to a moisture content of 11-13% to a particle size of 0.04-0.06 mm, after which the pre-prepared cereal grain is mixed in equal proportions.