RU2548493C1 - Method of stimulation of seeds coming-up of grain cultures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: pre-seed treatment of seed of grain cultures is performed using the stimulator. Water solution of monoethanol ammonium oxalate H₂C₂O₄·NH₂C₂H₄OH is used as stimulator. Concentration of active substance on dose 1 l per 1 kg of seeds is 0.001%.

EFFECT: increased energy of germinating and coming-up of seeds, and acceleration of start of mature growth of the grain cultures.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used to improve the sowing qualities of seeds of grain crops.

A known method of stimulating seed germination, providing for the treatment of seed with an aqueous solution of ethylene diammonium bisethane-1,2-dicarbonate [1].

A known method of stimulating seed germination, providing for the treatment of seed with an aqueous solution of (2,2-dichlorocyclopropylmethyl) dimethyl borate [2].

A known method of stimulating seed germination, providing for the treatment of seed with an aqueous solution of copper (II) bismalonamide chloride [3].

A known method of stimulating seed germination, providing for the treatment of seed with an aqueous solution of tris (2,2-dichlorocyclopropylmethyl) borate [4].

A known method of stimulating seed germination, providing for the treatment of seed with an aqueous solution of bis (2,2-dichlorocyclopropylmethyl) methyl borate [5].

Known methods can increase the energy and speed of seed germination, but are difficult to prepare and involve the use of more expensive drugs.

The invention is aimed at creating a method that stimulates the germination of seeds of grain crops.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to expand the range of methods for stimulating seed germination, increasing the energy of germination and germination of seeds of grain crops.

The technical result is to increase the energy of germination and germination of seeds of grain crops, accelerating the onset of ripening of grain crops, as well as expanding the arsenal of methods for this purpose.

This is achieved by the use of monoethanolammonium oxalate of the formula H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ · NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH (I) as a means of increasing germination energy, seed germination and yield of grain crops.

The proposed stimulant is a white crystals, odorless, well soluble in water. The structure of monoethanolammonium oxalate was confirmed by the data of IR spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis, and the composition by elemental analysis.

Example 1. Wheat seeds grade Moskovskaya-35, barley variety Elf and oats variety Adamo were soaked in distilled water (control) and 0.002% -, 0.001% -, 0.0005% - 0.0001% - in aqueous solutions of monoethanolammonium oxalate for 2 hours at the rate of 1 liter of solution per 1 kg of seeds (Table 1).

Table 1 The effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate on the germination energy and laboratory germination of wheat seeds, Moskovskaya-35, barley Elf and oats Adamo No. p / p Concentration, wt.% Cereal crops Spring wheat varieties "Moscow 35" Barley varieties "Elf" Oats of the Adamo variety EP,% LV% EP,% LV% EP,% LV% H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH one 0.002 54 71 24 40 twenty 35 2 0.001 65 82 33 49 28 44 3 0.0005 59 75 29th 44 23 38 four 0.0001 fifty 64 21 37 17 32 Control (dist. Water) 46 60 19 35 fifteen 29th

The determination of germination energy and germination was carried out according to GOST 12038-84 "Seeds of agricultural crops. Germination determination methods. " The accounting of germinated seeds was carried out in two terms (on the third and seventh days) in accordance with GOST.

From the data in Table 1 it follows that the best effect is achieved when seeds are treated with a 0.001% aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate.

Example 2. Wheat seeds of the grade Moskovskaya-35 were soaked in distilled water (control) and in a 0.001% aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate for 2 hours at the rate of 1 liter of solution per 1 kg of seeds.

table 2 The effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate on the content of chlorophyll in wheat leaves cultivar Moskovskaya-35 The content of chlorophyll, mg / g Experience Options Tillering phase 2011 year 2012 year 2013 year Control (dist. Water) 1.28 ± 0.010 1.26 ± 0.009 1.32 ± 0.011 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ 1.33 ± 0.009 1.34 ± 0.010 1.37 ± 0.010 NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.42 ± 0.011 1.39 ± 0.012 1.45 ± 0.014 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.63 ± 0.007 1.45 ± 0.009 1.66 ± 0.009 Out phase 2011 year 2012 year 2013 year Control (dist. Water) 1.37 ± 0.011 1.35 ± 0.009 1.41 ± 0.010 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ 1.48 ± 0.012 1.44 ± 0.010 1.47 ± 0.011 NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.51 ± 0.009 1.45 ± 0.012 1.53 ± 0.010 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.75 ± 0.010 1.58 ± 0.009 1.78 ± 0.008 Earing phase 2011 year 2012 year 2013 year Control (dist. Water) 1.45 ± 0.010 1.43 ± 0.008 1.49 ± 0.010 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ 1.56 ± 0.010 1.53 ± 0.009 1.56 ± 0.011 NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.62 ± 0.011 1.57 ± 0.010 1.65 ± 0.010 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 1.86 ± 0.008 1.69 ± 0.010 1.88 ± 0.008

After soaking, the seeds were dried to the sowing condition, stored in paper bags and sown on leached chernozem soils with a humus content of 6.8; mobile phosphorus 127.7 mg / kg, exchange potassium 143.3 mg / kg, crops were grown - wheat cultivar Moskovskaya-35. The method was carried out with four repetitions. The total area of the experimental plot was 20 square meters. meters.

Comparative data on the effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate on the content of chlorophyll in the leaves are given in Table 2.

From the data of Table 2 it follows that when seeds were treated with a 0.001% aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate, the chlorophyll content in the leaves in the tillering phase, in the exit phase into the tube and in the earing phase increased significantly.

Comparative data on the effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate on yield are given in Table 3.

Table 3 The effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate and the starting components on the yield of wheat cultivar Moskovskaya-35 Experience Options Harvest, kg / ha (2011) % to control Harvest, kg / ha (2012) % to control Harvest, kg / ha (2013) % to control Control (dist. Water) 24.7 ± 0.11 - 23.5 ± 0.12 - 25.8 ± 0.13 - H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ 25.2 ± 0.12 2.02 24.8 ± 0.09 5.53 26.5 ± 0.12 2.71 NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 25.7 ± 0.10 4.05 25.2 ± 0.06 7.23 27.2 ± 0.09 5.43 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 26.8 ± 0.07 8.50 26.3 ± 0.10 11.91 28.3 ± 0.08 9.69

From the data in Table 3 it follows that the best effect is achieved when seeds are treated with a 0.001% aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate.

Comparative data on the effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate and the starting components on the productivity of spring wheat cultivar Moskovskaya-35 are given in Table 4.

Comparative data on the effect of soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate and initial components on the yield of wheat cultivar Moskovskaya-35 indicate that the best effect is achieved when seeds are treated with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate.

Table 4 The effect of seed soaking with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate and the starting components on the productivity of spring wheat of the Moskovskaya 35 variety Options Spike length at the end of the growing season, cm Weight 1000 pcs. seed, g 2011 year 2012 year 2013 year 2011 year 2012 year 2013 year Control (dist. Water) 7.3 7.0 7.6 34.1 34.0 34.6 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ 9.7 9.4 9.9 36.5 35.7 37.0 NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 8.4 8.1 8.7 35.3 35.1 36.3 H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH 10.1 9.8 10.5 38.0 36.4 38.4

Thus, the use of the proposed method of seed stimulation for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of grain crops containing monoethanolammonium oxalate can significantly increase germination energy and germination, which accelerates the onset of ripening and increases the yield of crops.

Information sources

1. RU No. 2482678 C1, class A01N 47/02, A01N 33/02, A01P 21/00, 05.27.2013.

2. RU No. 2474119 C1, cl. A01N 55/08, A01N 29/04, A01P 21/00, 02/10/2013.

3. RU No. 2460296 C1, cl. A01N 55/02, A01N 59/20, A01N 29/00, A01P 21/00, 09/10/2012.

4. RU No. 2474118 C1, A01N 55/08, A01N 29/04, A01P 21/00, 02/10/2013.

5. RU No. 247117 C1, cl. A01N 55/08, A01N 29/04, A01P 21/00, 02/10/2013.

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the germination of seeds of grain crops, including presowing treatment of seeds with a stimulator, characterized in that the stimulation of seeds of grain crops is carried out with an aqueous solution of monoethanolammonium oxalate H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ · NH ₂ C ₂ H ₄ OH with an active substance concentration of 0.001% at a dose of 1 l per 1 kg of seeds.