RU2545560C1 - Contact plate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: valve plate contains base with holes arranged by rows along drains, above which the hingedly secured on the base valves are installed with their centre of gravity shift relatively to the hole rows. The holes are made in form of polygons with blunt angles, and cut-out elements are used as valves installed above base holes and rotated relatively to their axis by angle 180°, divided by number of valve tops. The valves are connected by pads such that centre of gravity of each valve is shifted towards liquid drainage. The valves are made in form of equilateral hexagons with sides equal, for example, to 22 mm, one side is located in parallel with drainage. The pad is made with thickness equal to base thickness, and width below valve width, and edge looking to drainage is equipped with teeth. Limiters of the valves lifting are located across the pads and above them. Each row of the valves installed under pads is hingedly secured on the base.

EFFECT: simplified design and manufacturing technology, decreased materials consumption, increased efficiency, reduced hydraulic resistance of gas/liquid flow over the plate base, and possibility of use of type calculation methods of valve plates.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas and chemical engineering, in particular to the internal devices of mass transfer apparatus.

A valve plate is known for making gas (steam) contact with a liquid, including a horizontal sheet on which plate valves are arranged staggered above the holes, which are equipped with compensating elements mounted in the holes of the fabric and articulated with it, made in the form of straight triangular prisms with windows at the base, while the prisms are mounted with the ability to move relative to the plate plate (USSR copyright certificate No. 959798, IPC B01D 3/30).

The design provides the interaction of gas-liquid jets in the space between the valves in the transverse direction of the fluid to the overflow, increasing its residence time on the plate.

The main disadvantages of this valve plate are:

- valve design complexity;

- the presence of two valves above each hole in the plate;

- increased metal consumption;

- the complexity of the technological equipment for manufacturing.

Known valve plate (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1604389, IPC B01D 3/30) - (prototype), including a base with holes, above each of which there is a flat valve with a lift stopper, fluid drain, while the lift stopper is made in the form of an axis offset relative to the axis of symmetry of a number of holes in the direction opposite to the drain located on the plate blade and attached to the valve legs, covering the axis.

The use of flat valves simplifies their design and simplifies tooling for their manufacture, and opening the valves at low gas loads in countercurrent flow and at increased gas loads in the forward flow with fluid movement, expands the range of operation of the plate.

The main disadvantages of this valve plate are:

- the complexity of the design of the lift limiter;

- increased valve metal consumption;

- the need for special technological equipment for the manufacture of lift limiter;

- increased resistance to the movement of phases on the plate, because valves block the entire cross section of the base of the plate.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design of the valve plate and manufacturing technology, reducing material consumption, increasing efficiency, lowering the hydraulic resistance of the gas-liquid flow at the base of the plate and the possibility of using standard methods for calculating valve plates.

The technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the valve plate, including the base with holes located in rows along the drains, above the holes there are valves pivotally connected to the base with displacement of their center of gravity relative to the rows of holes, the holes in the base are made in the form of polygons with obtuse angles, and the cut-out elements are used as valves installed above the holes of the base and rotated relative to their axis by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of vertices n of the valve, while the valves are connected by plates in such a way that the center of gravity of each of them is biased towards the discharge of liquid.

The valves are made in the form of equilateral hexagons with sides equal, for example, 22 mm, one of whose sides is parallel to the drain.

The plate is made of a thickness equal to the thickness of the base, and the edge of the plate directed to the drain is provided with teeth at least between the valves.

The valve lift limiters are located across and above the plates.

Each row of valves installed under the plates is pivotally fixed to the base.

Making holes in the base in the form of obtuse polygons and using cut elements as valves, setting them above the base holes and rotated about their axis by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of valve vertices, and connecting the valves with plates so that the center the severity of each of them is shifted toward the drain of the liquid, which allowed to reduce the complexity and material consumption in the manufacture of the valve plate, as well as to obtain the initial live section of the plate without performing perforation novaniya and valves and perform the valve in different directions with countercurrent gas flow at low loads and forward flow at high and increased gas loads.

The implementation of the valves in the form of equilateral hexagons with sides equal, for example, 22 mm, one side of which is parallel to the drain, allowed us to keep the live section of the proposed design equal to the live section of typical valve plate designs with 40 mm hole diameters and use standard calculation methods, and It also allowed the main gas-liquid flow to be directed not directly towards the drain, but with a fan on three sides of the polygon.

The implementation of the plates with a thickness equal to the thickness of the base and a width less than the width of the valve, and the edge of the plate between the valves, directed to the drain, and supplying it with teeth, made it possible to unify the material used for the manufacture of the valve plate and reduce the hydraulic resistance of the gas-liquid mixture on the plate and increase its efficiency mass transfer due to uniform crushing of the diameter of the droplets on the teeth of the plates.

The location of the valve lift limiters across the plates and above them allowed the valves to perform a ballast type, i.e. with different weights depending on the amount of rotation of the valve, i.e. for a complete rotation (opening) of the valve requires a higher gas pressure.

Overlapping only part of the valve surface with a plate with a width less than the width of the valve made it possible to reduce the plate's resistance to gas-liquid flow and to ensure connection by the plates with a shift of the center of gravity of each valve in the direction of fluid discharge.

The fastening of each row of valves installed under the plates with the base pivotally made it possible to fasten and rotate all the valves in a row at the same angle at once and made it possible to exclude the fastening of each valve separately.

Applicants and authors are not known from the existing prior art valve plates, which would have achieved a technical result in this way.

Figure 1 presents the valve disc (top view).

Figure 2 shows the position of the valve with the plate in a stationary position.

Figure 3 shows the position of the valve with the plate at low gas loads (steam).

Figure 4 shows the position of the valve with the plate at high gas loads (steam).

Figure 5 shows the position of the valve with the plate at maximum gas loads (steam).

Figure 6 shows a variant of the articulation of the valves to the base of the plate through the extreme valves.

The valve plate contains a base 1 (Fig. 1), located between the receiving 2 and selective drains 3. At the base of the 1 plate (or canvases, when the base is made of parts), polygonal holes 4 with obtuse angles (Figs. 1, 6) are arranged in rows along (parallel) selective drains 3 and polygonal valves 5 mounted above the holes 4, made of elements cut from the base 1 when making polygonal holes 4 and repeating them in shape and size, while each of the polygonal valves 5 is rotated about an axis the corresponding polygonal hole 4 by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of vertices of the valve 5. Polygonal valves 5 are rigidly fixed, for example, by contact welding with the plates 6 located above them, and are also connected by hinges 7 through the ears (corners) 8 to the base 1 ( figure 2 ÷ 5).

To create the initial minimum live section of the plate (figure 1), the valves 5 and the holes 4 under the valves are made in the form of a polygon with obtuse angles and equal in area, while to prevent the failure of the valves 5 in the holes 4, they are turned relative to the holes by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of vertices of the polygon, which excludes the operation of perforating the valve or the base of the plate. Thus, the minimum area for gas passage - channels 9 (Fig.6) are formed automatically in the form of gaps between the holes 4 of the base 1 and the valves 5 turned relative to the axis of the hole 4 by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of vertices of the valve 5, that is, when lowered valves 5, the plate becomes sieve with channels 9, formed by touching the valves 5 at their corners to the surface of the base 1. Thus, no additional stamping operation, bending of the valve edge or bending, as in the prototype, is required.

The offset of 10 plates 6, the width of which is less than the width of the valves 5, in the direction of the selective drains 3, relative to the axis of symmetry 11 (Fig.6) of a number of holes 4 made in the base 1 (Fig.1), allowed to shift the center of gravity of the valves 5 to the side selected plums 3 and provide work in four different modes (figure 2 ÷ 5):

- in the cross mode of operation of the sieve bubbler plate (figure 2);

- in the countercurrent mode of the main gas flow to the liquid at low gas loads (figure 3);

- in the forward flow mode of the main gas stream and liquid at increased gas loads (figure 4);

- in the forward flow mode of the main gas stream and liquid at maximum gas loads (Fig. 5).

The fastening of each row installed under the plates 6 of the valves 5 with the base 1 is made pivotally. Why, for example, the extreme valves 5 in a row (Fig. 1), hinges 7 (Fig. 2 ÷ 5) located in the grooves 12 of the ears 8, are connected to the base 1.

Above and across the plates 6 with valves 5, limiters 13 are installed, placed in the guides 14, which are designed to limit the rise of the valves 5. The limiters 13 are simultaneously ballast for increasing the mass of the valves 5 at the final stage of their rotation (full opening).

Valve plate works as follows.

The fluid is supplied through a receiving drain 2 (Fig. 1) to the base 1 of the valve plate, where it contacts gas (steam) rising from under the plate through channels 9 (Fig. 6), formed by polygonal openings 4 and valves 5 due to their own weight. In this mode, the plate works as a sieve, in a cross current (figure 2, 6). After contact, the gas enters the overlying plate, and the liquid enters the underlying plate through selective plums 3.

With increasing gas loads (steam), when the pressure forces on the valves 5 become equal to its gravity, the lighter part (half) of the valve, on which there is no plate 6, rises (Fig. 3) to the top of the grooves 12 of the ears 8, while the main part of the gas coming from under the valve is in countercurrent contact with the liquid coming from the receiving drain 2 to the selective drain 3.

With an increase in gas loads (steam), when the pressure forces on the valves 5 exceed their gravity, the right part of the valves 5 rises (Fig. 4) until it touches the valve lift limiters 13. In this case, the liquid falling onto the plates 6 is crushed on their teeth 15 (Fig. 6), which are located between the valves 5, into small and approximately equal drops, increasing the surface and the contact efficiency between the phases (gas and liquid).

With a further increase in gas loads (steam), when the pressure forces on the valves 5 exceed the forces from the weight: valves 5, plates 6 and limiters 13, the valves 5 rise to the maximum stroke of the limiters 13 in the guides 14 (Fig. 5).

Thus, making holes in the base in the form of polygons with obtuse angles and using cut-out elements as valves installed above the holes of the base and rotated around their axis by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of valve vertices, while connecting the valves with plates in this way that the center of gravity of each of them is shifted toward the drain of fluid, allowed to achieve a technical result, which consists in simplifying the design of the valve plate and the technology of its manufacture, reducing material capacity, increasing efficiency, reducing hydraulic resistance of gas-liquid flow at the base of the plate and the possibility of using standard methods for calculating valve plates.

Claims (5)

1. Valve plate, including a base with holes located in rows along the drains, above which are located pivotally connected to the base of the valves with a shift of their center of gravity relative to the rows of holes, characterized in that the holes in the base are made in the form of polygons with obtuse angles, and cut elements used as valves installed above the holes of the base and rotated relative to their axis by an angle equal to 180 ° divided by the number of vertices of the valve, while the valves are connected by plates so m, the center of gravity of each of them is biased towards draining. 2. The valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves are made in the form of equilateral hexagons with sides equal to, for example, 22 mm, one of whose sides is parallel to the drain. 3. The valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate is made of a thickness equal to the thickness of the base and a width less than the width of the valve, and the edge directed to the drain is provided with teeth. 4. The valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve limiters are located across the plates and above them. 5. The valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that each row of valves installed under the plates is pivotally fixed to the base.

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