RU2545554C1 - Protective structure against floods in case of emergency situations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering construction and can be used as protection against floods in case of emergency situations, when conducting the rescue and recovery operations, as well as in case of capital construction in close conditions. Protective structure consists of triangular trusses assembled from the spacer tubes by fixing them in junction points and elongated impervious blanket. The upper slope is assembled from assembled flat slabs with the connected locks and long side oriented along the protective structure and with shear of vertical joints. Waterproof material is laid under the framework of protective structure on the prepared soil of foundation and impervious blanket is arranged in front of it. Waterproof material is sprinkled on top with soil. As the distance from the upper slope to the outer slope increases, the height of powdering layer h reduces. Triangular trusses are mounted in the soil by means of anchors. Height of powdering layer depends on the water head H and in the upper point h=(0.2÷0.4)H. Flat slabs are made of plastic or composite materials.

EFFECT: invention provides the increased reliability for protection of the shores of river beds and durability of the protective structure.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as flood protection in emergency situations, during emergency recovery work, as well as during major construction in difficult conditions.

There is a method of erecting a gabion mount in flowing water [1], which includes laying along the banks of the channel on a foundation prepared on the slope of the dam base filled with stones gabion mattresses made of mesh. Gabion mattresses are made in the form of bags, which are made of woven mesh, which are unwrapped from rolls before laying on a slope, folded in half and sewn on the bottom of the bag with a strapping wire, after which the diameters are sewn, breaking the resulting bag into separate sections, then the bag is lowered to the dam slope and anchor on berm with anchors.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the design and method of construction is quite complicated;

- such a technical solution is ineffective to use for flood protection;

- the inability to reuse.

The closest technical solution is a method of combating flooding from floods in emergency situations [2, including the construction of spacer elements, assembled from triangular prisms by securing the spacer elements with clamps around the transverse reinforcement, with the formation of nodes. On the pressure side, a waterproof fabric with elongated ponim is laid on the spacer elements, and a drainage ditch with a pump for collecting and draining filtered water is arranged on the bottom side. On the pressure side, spacers are installed more often with openings providing a secure fit to the waterproof fabric. The lower tiers are assembled from thicker spacers than the upper.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- low reliability in the operation of waterproof coating;

- strong filtration at the base of the protective structure.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity in the construction of a protective structure, the effectiveness and reliability of the protection of riverbanks.

This goal is achieved by the fact that along the entire bank of the river a protective structure is assembled from spacer tubes. The spacer tubes are then assembled into triangular trusses, which provide the rigidity of the protective structure. Spacer tubes are made in advance from plastics or composite material.

Triangular trusses are assembled from spacer tubes by connecting them in nodes. The triangular trusses themselves are fixed in the foundation soil with anchors (Fig. 1). As a transverse reinforcement, you can use a metal pipe or reinforcement. On the pressure side, a waterproof coating with elongated ponum is laid on the spacer elements. The waterproof coating is assembled from flat slabs. Flat plates are interconnected by means of connecting locks. Prefabricated flat slabs with the long side are oriented along the protective structure and with a shift of vertical joints, which will reduce the thickness of the slabs in height as the hydrostatic pressure of the water decreases. The waterproof coating breaks structurally into horizontal and vertical seams. An anti-filtration device is placed under the frame of the protective structure. The anti-filtration device reduces the gradients of filtration and, accordingly, the amount of filtered water. To prevent from ascent under the action of filtration backpressure, the antifiltration device is sprinkled with soil. The height of the powder layer h, as it moves away from the top slope to the bottom, decreases and depends on the magnitude of the effective head H. The height of the powder layer depends on the pressure H and at the upper point h = (0.2 ÷ 0.4) H.

The inclined front face ensures the stability of the structure in shear from the action of hydrostatic pressure of water, since the vertical component presses the protective structure to the base. The shear stability of the structure is also ensured by the weight of the structure itself.

Elongated ponur is used to lengthen the filtration path and prevent possible filtration deformations. The elongated ponur length is determined from filtration calculations and the P.P. coefficient method can be used. Chugaev.

A drainage ditch with a pump for collecting and discharging filtered water is arranged on the lower side. On the pressure side, spacer tubes are installed more often with clearances to ensure a reliable fit of the waterproof coating. The lower tiers of the protective structure are assembled from thicker spacer tubes than the upper ones. Diameters of spacer tubes 30 ÷ 100 mm.

Figure 1 shows a protective structure, a cross section; figure 2 - frame protective structures, a perspective view; figure 3 - plot of filter back pressure; figure 4 is a protective coating of precast plates, a perspective view; figure 5 is a General view of the connecting locks of the plates, a perspective view.

On the banks of the river 1 installed a longitudinal protective structure 2, consisting of triangular trusses 3, assembled from spacer tubes 4 (figure 2). Spacer tubes 4 are connected using connecting tips in nodes 5.

Triangular trusses 3 are interconnected by reinforcement 6 using clamps. A waterproof coating 7 is laid on the spacer tubes 4 from the pressure side, which is assembled from flat plates 8. The flat plates 8 are interconnected by means of connecting locks 9. The waterproof coating 7 is structurally divided into horizontal seams 10 and vertical seams 11. Under the frame of the protective structure 2 the anti-filtration device 12 is laid, and a pond 13 is arranged in front of it. The anti-filtration device 12 is sprinkled with soil 14. A drainage ditch 15 is arranged on the downstream side for collection filtered water. Pump 16 pumps filtered water back to the upstream. Triangular trusses 3 are fixed to the foundation soil using anchors 17.

A method of constructing a protective structure against floods in emergency situations is carried out and works as follows. Along the entire bank of the river 1, a protective structure 2 is assembled from spacer tubes 4. At the same time, the expansion tubes are assembled into triangular trusses 3, which provide the rigidity of the protective structure 2. The expansion tubes 3 are made in advance of plastic or composite material.

Triangular trusses 3 are assembled from spacer tubes 4 by connecting them in nodes 5. The triangular trusses 3 themselves are fixed to the base soil with anchors 17 (Fig. 1). As transverse reinforcement 6, you can use a metal pipe or reinforcement. On the pressure side, a waterproof coating 7 with an elongated bead 13 is laid on the spacer tubes 4. The waterproof coating 7 is assembled from flat plates 8. The flat plates 8 are interconnected by means of connecting locks 9. The waterproof coating 7 is structurally divided into horizontal seams 10 and vertical seams 11 The vertical seams 11 are laid with a shift. An anti-filter device 12 is placed under the frame of the protective structure 2. The anti-filter device 12 reduces the filtration gradients and, accordingly, the amount of filtered water. To prevent from ascent under the action of filter backpressure, the anti-filtration device 12 is sprinkled with soil 14. The height of the powder layer h decreases with the size of the effective head H. As the distance from the upper slope to the lower one, the height of the powder layer 14 depends on the pressure H and in the upper point, h = (0.2 ÷ 0.4) H.

The inclined front face ensures the stability of the protective structure 2 on a shift from the action of hydrostatic pressure of water, since the vertical component presses the protective structure 2 to the base. The shear stability of the protective structure 2 is also ensured by the weight of the structure itself.

Elongated ponur 13 serves to lengthen the filtration path and prevent possible filtering deformations. The length of the elongated ponura 13 is determined from filtration calculations and the P.P. coefficient method can be used. Chugaev.

On the lower side, a catchment ditch 15 is arranged with a pump 16 for collecting and discharging filtered water. On the pressure side, the spacer tubes 4 are installed more often with openings ensuring a reliable fit of the waterproof coating 7. The lower tiers of the protective structure 2 are assembled from thicker spacer tubes 4 than the upper ones. Diameters of spacer tubes 4 30 ÷ 100 mm.

The proposed protective structures against floods in emergency situations are cheaper and more reliable in the work of well-known similar technical solutions. This method allows you to work in difficult, extreme conditions, quickly and efficiently. Such a constructive solution allows the use of a protective structure many times. Moreover, the durability of these structures is 1.5-2 times greater.

Information sources:

1. RF patent №2248427, 7 E02B 3/00. The method of erection of gabion mounts in flowing water / Lamerdonov Z.G .; Application 08/25/2003, publ. 03/20/2005 (analog).

2. RF patent No. 2312949, IPC E02B 3/00. A way to deal with flooding from floods in emergency situations / Lamerondon 3.G .; Application 06/19/2006; Publ. 12.20.2007 (Prototype).

Claims (4)

1. A protective structure against floods in emergency situations, containing spacer tubes assembled in a triangular truss by fastening in knots, an elongated pon, characterized in that the uphill slope is assembled from prefabricated flat plates with connecting locks, the long side oriented along the protective structure and with a shift vertical seams, and under the skeleton of the protective structure, waterproof material is laid on the prepared base soil, sprinkled on top with soil so that the height of the powder layer h as it recoils water from the upward slope to the lower slope decreases, and the farms of the protective structure themselves are fixed into the foundation soil with anchors. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the powder layer depends on the pressure H and at the upper point h = (0.2 ÷ 0.4) H. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat plates are made of plastic. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat plates are made of composite materials.

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