CN105256763A - Diking method based on bamboo raft frame structure - Google Patents
Diking method based on bamboo raft frame structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105256763A CN105256763A CN201410342870.7A CN201410342870A CN105256763A CN 105256763 A CN105256763 A CN 105256763A CN 201410342870 A CN201410342870 A CN 201410342870A CN 105256763 A CN105256763 A CN 105256763A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diking method based on a bamboo raft frame structure. According to the diking method based on the bamboo raft frame structure, mao bamboos, a bamboo sheathing, steel wire ropes, geotechnical cloth, iron wires and the like are used as raw materials. The diking method is characterized in that one section of a bamboo raft frame is formed by binding bamboo piles, bamboo columns, bamboo connecting rods and bamboo inclined strut through the iron wires; all sections of the bamboo raft frame are connected by means of the longitudinal connecting rods through the iron wires, so that a spatial bamboo raft frame is formed; and a single-side or multi-side soil blocking and draining structure formed by the bamboo sheathing, the geotechnical cloth and bamboo purlins is arranged on the bamboo raft frame, an anchoring structure composed of bamboo anchor foundation and an inhaul cable is arranged on the upstream side of the bamboo raft frame, a bamboo anchor is formed by the bamboo piles, the bamboo connecting rods and the bamboo sheathing, the bamboo raft frame and the anchor are connected through the inhaul cable, the filling load of the bamboo raft frame is shared, and a bamboo dike body is formed by the bamboo pile foundation, the bamboo raft frame, the anchor structure and the soil blocking structure. The bamboo raft frame can be constructed in a single-stage bamboo dike form or in a multi-stage bamboo dike mode. In the multi-stage structure, the downstream portion needs to be sealed for soil blockage, the upstream portion is opened for sludge discharging, and thus an automatic counter-pressure multi-stage dike is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fill method of bent structure, especially a kind of fill method of bamboo raft shelf structure.
Background technology
Coastal, along the river area, lake short to be become silted up by corral shallow water beach and adopting, hydraulic reclamation and the mode of banketing, constantly form new land-based area, this process is called to enclose fills out epeirogenetic, and its first step builds cofferdam to form base closed region and then carry out filling or hydraulic reclamation.Current soil, stone, sand, cement, reinforcing bar and earth working material are the main banking materials of tradition, and broad form is as earth embankment, jackstone dike, bagged sand dykes and dams sloping breakwater, and sheet pile, buttress type and the vertical type dykes and dams such as stone-laying, rubble concrete barricade.Sand material resource scarcity is caused owing in recent years making ground engineering on a large scale, sandstone fill is not only with high costs, and get sand, cut into a mountain and get the ecology of Shi Douhui to locality and cause irreversible destruction, under embankment constructing on pliable foundation and water environment, sloping breakwater cost is high, long in time limit, other dike types are to the utilization of cement steel, its manufacturing process also causes adverse effect to environment, also need to carry out basement process, totally long in time limit, the overall efficiency of unfavorable engineering, therefore engineering circles is being innovated always and is being explored little, economic, the quick and ecological cofferdam fill method of novel engineering quantity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of mao bamboon and is main material, is the fill method of core based on framed bent, is applicable to the method that the dykes and dams temporarily or permanently of gear soil gear mud are built in phytal zone, beach and land.
Technical scheme of the present invention, adopts old mao bamboon bar as bamboo stake, bamboo post, bamboo connecting rod, bamboo diagonal brace, Zhu Purlin rod member composition framed bent; Adopt bamboo stake, bamboo connecting rod, bamboo basketry composition Anchor Foundation; Wire rope, wire rope snap close, stretcher composition drag-line is adopted to connect Anchor Foundation and framed bent formation anchoring structure; Adopt bamboo basketry, geotextiles and bamboo purlin rod member composition soil-baffling structure; it is characterized in that first bamboo stake being squeezed into ground forms bamboo pile group; with iron wire, first floor bamboo connecting rod and bamboo stake colligation are formed bamboo pile foundation; then bamboo post iron wire and bamboo stake colligation spreading are formed top bent columns; again layer bamboo connecting rod iron wire each in section and bent columns colligation are formed bamboo raft frame section basic framework; then in framework, bamboo diagonal brace is placed; and be against on support bamboo basketry; with iron wire, itself and bent columns and connecting rod colligation are fixed; form bamboo raft frame diagonal brace, being configured to can the bamboo raft frame section of load; After completing each bamboo raft frame section in a manner described, indulge bamboo connecting rod the iron wire colligation of adjacent bamboo raft frame each section connected by each layer, the bamboo raft frame forming space structures is overall; After bamboo raft frame entirety is formed, colligation Zhu Purlin rod member on gear native face bent columns and bamboo connecting rod, then order is laid and colligation fixed stop soil bamboo basketry, lay drainage geotextiles, forms gear soil and anti-filter structure; Simultaneously, for improving dykes and dams horizontal resist forces, at bamboo raft frame upstream side, setting bamboo stake, colligation bamboo connecting rod and anchorage bamboo basketry and forming bamboo Anchor Foundation, with drag-line, it being connected with bamboo raft frame, to share filled load; After above bamboo pile foundation, bamboo raft frame body, anchoring structure, soil-baffling structure each several part are formed, define the bamboo raft shelf structure dykes and dams (hereinafter referred to as " bamboo dike ") with gear soil gear mud ability.
Technique effect of the present invention: 1, the invention provides and a kind ofly adopt old mao bamboon to be the fill method of main material, the mao bamboon material adopted belongs to the growth needs of mao bamboo woods own and is regularly cut down the material adopted, to keep the healthy growth of Phyllostachys pubescens Community, its material is pollution-free, renewable, cut down and adopt mao bamboon and do not destroy periphery ecological environment and view, for continuable, with the solution of natural harmony.2, utilize bamboo raft frame to carry out keeping off native fill, be especially applicable to the comparatively abundant area of mao bamboon, can promote that the through engineering approaches of bamboo resource utilizes, reduce the use of sandstone and cement steel material, overall cost and duration are within the half of conventional dam.3, technical scheme of the present invention is adopted, general soft foundation is implemented, (1) bamboo dike single-stage gear soil height≤3m dykes and dams when adopting weak soil to fill, when adopting multistage dykes and dams, height overall should not be greater than 8m, (2), when adopting non-soft earth material filling building, multistage bamboo dykes and dams are gradable increases the dykes and dams built height overall and be greater than 10m, and (3) can build permanent dykes and dams as banketed in framed bent, if do not banketed, be interim dykes and dams.The more each traditional methods of technical solution of the present invention is more flexible, construct more convenient and quick, cost is cheaper, provides the technical support of environmental protection for the shallow water area in coastal, lake, inland river and beach soft foundation being built cofferdam or dykes and dams.4, the inventive method is useful in along the river, sea, lake etc. have in water or the waters anhydrous, wave stream is less, be suitable for setting on the natural of bamboo stake or artificial foundation and build dykes and dams temporarily or permanently, be mainly used in gear soil and gear mud cofferdam, be particularly suitable for implementing at general soft foundation, the enforcement of the more suitable bamboo raft shelf structure of the region construction depth of water 0.5 ~ 1.5m of paddling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is single-stage bamboo dike embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is single-stage bamboo dike embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is multistage bamboo dike embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Term is arranged: 1) namely Zhu Di upstream refers to high fill side, and namely downstream refers to not banket or light fill side, and N props up bent columns and is numbered first row to N row by upstream toward downstream, and M props up bamboo connecting rod and upwards numbered by low by beach face, for first floor is to M layer; 2) bamboo dike length-wise axis is called longitudinal axis, is called vertical face with the face of longitudinal axes parallel, is referred to as vertical section or section with the vertical face of longitudinal axes parallel, bamboo dike, and the vertical face perpendicular to longitudinal axis is called cross section or section.
The detailed description of the invention of bamboo dike is described one by one below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
1, bamboo raft frame dike design and calculation method
Bamboo dike is mainly divided into ground, bamboo raft support body two parts design.
The load of bamboo raft frame mainly bankets, the active force of soft soil to structure being greater than 90% for saturated dredger soft soil class water content is reduced to the distribution of slurry fluid pressure, native preferably for filling character, can will banket and soil body combined calculation, soil body horizontal and vertical force can calculate according to retaining wall specification formulae for earth pressure.Elastic rod system calculating internal force pressed by bamboo raft frame, and the coupling of framed bent pile foundation and the soil body calculates the calculating such as m method, parabolic method that can adopt the stake of marine traffic engineering Pile Foundation Code framed bent.
Levee foundation soil body monolithic stability calculates the Circular Sliding stable calculating method that country or local ground standards and norms should be adopted to specify, main points for attention have: 1) bamboo pile foundation by code for foundation anchoring stub reinforce and composite foundation count in stability calculation.2) whether the anchorage structures effect of bamboo raft frame counts in stability calculation and should consider according to its set-point position Synthesis, as anchorage point is positioned at more than 2m outside slip circle, then should count grappling pulling force to stable effect, otherwise should not count.3) each bamboo stake needs to consider according to the relativeness of the bamboo stake position slip circle degree of depth and bamboo stake embedded depth to stable effect, bamboo stake embedded depth is less than the slip circle degree of depth and does not consider, be greater than the slip circle degree of depth 1 ~ 2m and can be used as safety stock, the anti-skid effect of bamboo stake can be considered more than 2m.
For bamboo raft frame and monolithic stability, when having ready conditions, Finite Element is adopted totally to check.
2, Material selec-tion:
1) Binding material of bamboo raft frame node: 2 ~ 14# iron wire should be adopted to carry out colligation, general employing 8# iron wire, under corrosive water environment, the iron wire near tidal zone need consider anti-corrosion protection, adopts galvanized wire; 2) configuration in grappling drag-line or pull bar intensity, modulus of deformation and cross section, when must be noted that to avoid bamboo raft frame to reach maximum admissible distortion, the pulling force of drag-line but cannot reach the requirement of design pulling force; 3) mao bamboon stake tip footpath of burying is greater than 5cm, and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground should be greater than 10cm, as single pile strength deficiency, can take two bamboo stake or other combination bamboo stakes; 4) bamboo diagonal brace and in length and breadth waling stripe taper be greater than 6cm diameter.
Each material carries out Strength and Dformation check by bamboo raft erection stressing conditions, the integral arrangement changing bamboo raft frame during bamboo rod member strength deficiency or the form adopting many bars to strengthen.
3, bamboo pile foundation
Set the mao bamboon rod member buried and be referred to as bamboo stake, the bamboo stake be directly connected as base for post with bamboo post and diagonal brace is the stake of framed bent bamboo; The bamboo stake that top and bamboo raft frame member are not directly connected is referred to as to reinforce bamboo stake.Bamboo stake needs available single pole, two bar or the colligation of many bars to be formed according to intensity.
Generally, in cross section, the quantity of framed bent bamboo stake is no less than the quantity of bamboo post in section; The stake of framed bent bamboo needs and bamboo post pile extension, and framed bent bamboo stake end should be arranged on the position of more than second layer connecting rod 20 ~ 30cm; The stake of framed bent bamboo is connected with the colligation of bamboo diagonal brace, arranges consider according to diagonal brace.Close to beach face place (on best beach face below 0.5m), by connecting rod iron wire and the colligation of bamboo pile group form the first floor connecting rod layer of bamboo raft frame in length and breadth.The embedded depth of bamboo stake is relevant with ground, 6m should be greater than, when ground is weak, bamboo stake depth of drive should be greater than 8 ~ 10m, single mao bamboon effective length does not meet the demands, can set after pile extension, single strength deficiency, set after adopting two stake or the colligation of many bars and then form lattice bent columns with connecting rod, diagonal brace colligation.
Reinforce the effect of bamboo stake mainly consolidated subsoil, it is arranged and depth of drive can be arranged according to the requirement of dykes and dams monolithic stability.General as weak in ground and the height that bankets, arranges and reinforces bamboo stake in bamboo raft frame upstream side 3 ~ 5m width, and overhead bamboo basketry (not boring a hole), transmitted to ground deep by the load banketed, improve framed bent resistance to overturning, which is front bearing platform type reinforcing bamboo pile foundation.Ground is soft especially, should consider basement process, also can encrypt in bamboo raft frame and arrange the stake of reinforcing bamboo.
The implementation step of bamboo stake is: first step order sets bamboo pile foundation in cross section, and second step lays the perforation bamboo basketry supporting diagonal brace, and the 3rd step will be fixed in length and breadth in waling stripe iron wire and bamboo stake colligation, form framed bent nearly end first floor waling stripe.Reinforce bamboo pile group as having outside section, then must implement after completing by bamboo raft shelf structure in section, abdicate passage to construction.
4, bamboo raft frame dike section structure
Bamboo raft frame dike section structure feature is generally the various ways such as trapezoidal, the stairstepping on one side vertical (or near normal) one side slope, also can two-sided slope or ladder trapezoidal.One side is vertical, and slope can in downstream, also can at upstream side, and the former is referred to as along slope, and the latter is adverse grade.Generally safeguard and construction transportation place layout rectangular bent at needs.
Bamboo dike design height is for the design depth of fill increases by 0.5 ~ 1m, and the bottom width degree of framed bent dike, takes by 1 ~ 6 times of bamboo frame height, and bamboo dike upstream and downstream adopts the gradient of 1:0.2 ~ 1:6.
Soil-baffling structure generally can be selected to indulge face in bamboo raft frame upstream or face is indulged in downstream, and multiaspect also can be adopted to keep off soil.When character of banketing is better, vertical or the subvertical native face of gear of upstream side should be selected, poor when banketing, for be easy to flow weak character banket time, adopt the gradient of downstream ramp face 1:2 ~ 1:6, many gears native face ladder gear soil, specifically arrange according to the situation of ground, ground is softer, and downstream gradient is more slow.When single-stage bamboo dike constructional difficulties, the multistage bamboo dike of apportion can be adopted.
Bamboo raft frame dike cross-sectional configuration pattern is plane mating or space framed bent, general cross section adopts vertical plane framed bent, namely bamboo diagonal brace is in a plane substantially anyhow, also component summit can be adopted to meet in plane, the space that the strong point is symmetrically distributed in plane both sides is arranged, also be plane mating from stressed seeing, unless to fall by corner or the external condition of junction limits, should not asymmetric arrangement be adopted and cause framed bent internal force to distribute complicated.
Bamboo raft frame dike section component is arranged:
1) according to the height of gear soil, cross section bamboo post generally arranges 1 ~ 4 row, the desirable 0.5 ~ 10m of spacing in cross section, can equidistant placement, but general non-equidistant is arranged, determine, in principle to choose 1 ~ 4 times of tranverse connecting rod interfloor height as pitch arrangement according to framed bent Force Calculation and mao bamboon material context; Bamboo post can select single pole, two bar or the colligation of many bars to be formed, the forms such as H type or lattice column.On longitudinal framed bent face, the bridging structure of suitable symmetrical arrangement.
2) in framed bent cross section, connecting rod, along the pitch arrangement highly should selected between 0.5 ~ 2m, can be evenly arranged in length and breadth, and close thin gradual change also can be descended to arrange; In longitudinal surface same layer, bamboo connecting rod should be formed with cross section is in length and breadth axisymmetric rhombus or grid-like, places restrictions on intercolumniation and the pile spacing displacement value of framed bent; The bridging structure of the suitable arrangement space symmetry of connecting rod interlayer, places restrictions on the change of layer distance; Connecting rod is framed bent main rod in length and breadth, adopts two bar colligation to be formed if desired.
3) the layout number of plies of bamboo diagonal brace is generally no less than the connecting rod number of plies, or substantially identical, and between the suitable 1:0.8 ~ 1:6 of pressurized bar slope, tension diagonal brace is not then limit by this; Diagonal brace top directly connects on bent columns or connecting rod, be connected to as far as possible keep off native face bent columns on or on neighbouring connecting rod, bottom should be bearing on the support bamboo basketry at framed bent bamboo stake beach face place, diagonal brace support bamboo basketry should be as far as possible bottomed in mud, prevent from being placed in mud scum, diagonal brace also can directly bury, and bamboo diagonal brace holds out against rear colligation on framed bent; Diagonal brace is stressed larger main rod, should adopt specification similar to bamboo post, and adopt two bars of similar bamboo post to strengthen if desired, weak place, local can reinforce by colligation bamboo bar.
4) vertically keep off native face bamboo post: this bamboo post is stressed very large, should strengthen in principle, the weak appropriate to the occasion employing of ground two bar, H type bar, lattice piece or other form of structure, strengthen the equivalent drag in cross section; At pile extension section 2 ~ 3m, carry out colligation by 30cm modulus, the appropriate to the occasion length in reserve of pile extension, for pile extension, is all driven into projected depth after complete again.
5) implementation step of bamboo raft frame section: first bamboo stake pile extension is formed framed bent bamboo post along section, section framework is become with the colligation of section bamboo post iron wire again with tranverse connecting rod, after forming the long bamboo raft frame section of one section of 10m, with vertical connecting rod, bamboo raft frame section is linked to be overall space framed bent; Then bamboo diagonal brace is placed on support bamboo basketry and holds out against, the main body frame that just form bamboo dike complete with relevant intersection colligation, last as required in longitudinal framed bent face, bridging and gag lever post structure are set between vertical equity connecting rod layer and connecting rod layer, improve the stressed of bamboo dike.
5, bamboo raft frame gear soil gear mud structure
Namely soil-baffling structure refers to the component that one deck stops soil, mud passes through arranged at bamboo raft frame levee body, but does not hinder water to pass through.
Soil-baffling structure ordinary priority is arranged on outside the upstream and downstream of framed bent, i.e. the downstream of the first organ timbering upstream side or last organ timbering or bamboo diagonal brace, also can be arranged in framed bent, and classification is arranged.
Soil-baffling structure comprises: geotextiles, bamboo basketry He the Zhu Purlin ， Zhu Purlin casing play pressure that will banket passes to framed bent.Zhu Purlin skeleton is arranged between main member, should arrange one grade by interval 40 ~ 50cm.Intensity should be adjusted higher than 3m ， Zhu Purlin when banketing.， Zhu Purlin as softer in ground should strengthen, and determines according to calculating.Bamboo Purlin general main member cuts remaining tip material, and diameter all can be used at more than 4cm.The specification that bamboo basketry is general is 1*1m or 1*2m, adopts 1*2m as well.Geotextiles can arrange one or more layers geotextiles, can arrange 150 ~ 200g/m when banketing higher
2woven cloth and 200g/m
2non-woven fabrics is two-layer altogether.
For preventing component from puncturing, geotextiles can be processed as the form adopting band cuff.Cuff object be allow protruding member and wire rope by, prevent rod member from directly withstanding geotextiles and stab, to tear and the later stage leaks, simultaneously cuff and rod member carry out colligation fixing after form leakproof mud structure.Processing sequence is, the first large format piece of geotextiles forms one section of entirety, arrange the hole of diameter 15 ~ 25cm, and the geotechnological stringing sewing up about 30 ~ 50cm length becomes cuff at the place of passing through; On-the-spot lay after by cuff with pass through the colligation of thing iron wire and formed closed.Multilayer geotextiles then carries out the geotechnological layer of cloth that MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is processed to form the native drainage of gear after piece, and cuff and sleeve are sewed up in reprocessing, and geotextiles can adopt geotechnological woven cloth, plastic-coated woven cloth, non-woven fabrics, woven fabric material.
Enforcement order: as kept off the upstream face place of native face at bent columns, then complete An Zhu Purlin → bamboo basketry → geotextiles order colligation, as on downstream face, then completes by geotextiles → bamboo basketry → Zhu Purlin skeleton order colligation.When geotextiles passes through the main member of protrusion, first make the cuff of some to geotextiles, utilize the protuberance of main member to hang up on lay face through its cuff at the scene, be fixed on main member after the good cuff of colligation; What bamboo basketry passed through main member should adopt perforation bamboo basketry.
6, anchoring structure
Bamboo raft frame anchoring structure refer to arrange in Zhu Di upstream provide the structure of required pulling force for bamboo dike monolithic stability, comprise Anchor Foundation and drag-line.Anchor Foundation generally can adopt common prefabricated anchorage block or piling strtucture, this programme provides a kind of bamboo Anchor Foundation adopting bamboo stake, bamboo connecting rod, anchorage bamboo basketry and wire rope, first it set bamboo stake of in a row burying, then first colligation one section of wire rope conduct lead-in wire on bamboo fragrant plant and bamboo connecting rod, with in digging machine press-in soil, again itself and bamboo stake colligation are integrated, form bamboo Anchor Foundation.Connect messenger and bamboo raft frame by drag-line, and utilize stretcher tensioning, form anchoring structure.Drag-line generally adopts wire rope, snap close, stretcher to form, and also can substitute with pull bar, pull bar can adopt mao bamboon bar.
Because the flexural strength of bamboo stake is limited, easier large deformation after high fill extruding, it is extremely important and necessary that the anchoring structure arranged in the native side of gear is used for sharing horizontal loading, under Soft Soil, bamboo raft frame gear soil at different levels all need arrange anchor structure at this grade of upstream side more than the 1.5m discrepancy in elevation, be intended to the horizontal loading banketed with bamboo raft frame shared, in longitudinal direction, generally every 2 ~ 4 framed bent sections arrange an anchoring structure.
In cross section, the position of Anchor Foundation answers the stable most dangerous curve distribution of comprehensive integral and construction possibility to determine; outside the slip circle face of slip circle face upstream side and anchorage line intersection point, 2 ~ 10m place is arranged in principle; as being multistage bamboo dike; should consider that the upstream side 2 ~ 10m in the overall stability slip circle face of following dykes and dams at different levels at the corresponding levels arranges; less with higher level's framed bent spacing, anchorage position or the upstream side of higher level's bamboo raft frame should be arranged on; For highest level bamboo raft frame, its anchorage position should be arranged on the outside of the overall monolithic stability slip circle of multistage dykes and dams, and width minimum between anchorage point and framed bent is the 1 times of depth of fill+3m, mainly considers the needs of working face.
Each anchoring structure is along highly laying drag-line, near former beach face, (within the scope of the upper and lower 0.5m in mud face) must arrange bottom drag-line, top layer drag-line should not be arranged on framed bent top, and should arrange below framed bent time top layer connecting rod elevation, the drag-line between the end, top layer should press close thin principle layered arrangement.Drag-line is connected the position of as far as possible handing at three bars with bamboo dike framed bent, not necessarily drawknot in same cross section, is that symmetry is laid in principle with cross section.
7, colligation, pile extension, extension bar technique
Colligation: adopt during two bar colligations after 8 font colligations around Liang Quan, namely the first rod member is after 1 ~ 2 circle, enter second bar from the opposition side of second bar around 1 ~ 2 circle, finally take out after two circles outside two bars and fasten, the iron wire of pitch of the laps colligation forms cross-like between two bars.Take out around 1 ~ 2 circle in outside after three bar colligations adopt cloverleaf pattern to tie up and fasten, four bars then adopt the colligation of bunge bedstraw herb formula, and same outer ring is taken out and fastened after 2 circles.Tight for ease of taking out, twice colligation can be divided into, as enclosed colligations in outside around two separately after first inner ring colligation.
Pile extension: the bamboo stake that namely refers to bury is connected with the colligation that bamboo post carries out spreading, and pile extension section overall length should not be less than 3m.Part after the mode 1 realized normally accomplishes fluently bamboo stake more than beach face directly carries out pile extension, and aforementioned pile extension district sends in soil by mode 2 pile follower fixture, becomes Tu Zhong pile extension district.Because usually near mud face be the maximum weighted point of bamboo raft frame dike, pile extension very easily becomes most weak spot as dealt with improperly, therefore advise employing mode 2 pile extension.
Extension bar: diagonal brace and length of connecting rod inadequate time can extension bar, its lap length 1 ~ 2m, technique and pile extension similar.
8, construction and maintenance channel
Bamboo raft frame construction and run phrase needs regularly inspection and safeguards, therefore, in levee crown and soil-baffling structure, simple and easy tour and maintenance channel should be established in outside.
Example 1 single-stage bamboo dike
This example is the realization of the gear soil of clay foundation hydraulic reclamation 5m mud, and be single gear native face single-stage bamboo dike, fracture morphology is rectangle+right-angled triangle, and rectangle mainly provides top maintenance channel, rectangle vertical plane, single-stage dykes and dams, outer inclined-plane 1:1.5.
Bamboo frame section employing five enters the bamboo stake 1 that soil is greater than 8m, spacing 0.5 1.5 2 3m(wherein first, two row 0.5m spacing form gear native face H type lattice column), three row bamboo posts 2, four layers of vertical bamboo connecting rod 4 and horizontal bamboo connecting rod 3, floor height 0.5 22 0.5m, three row's diagonal braces 5, layer apart from 1.5 2m, anchorage adopts to bury and is greater than the three bamboo stakes 1 of 8m, spacing 2m, form with iron wire 7 colligation, compound steel silk rope 9 is set in cross sectional plane, bamboo dike upstream apron is one deck bamboo basketry 6, one deck geotextiles 8 and the thick packeted soil 13 of 1m, the thick earth bedding of hydraulic reclamation 1.5m in framed bent, downstream face arranges the thick packeted soil of 1m 13 to keep off native leak-stopping.
Bamboo dike implementation step is that the first step sets framed bent bamboo stake 1, place open support bamboo basketry 6 in framed bent bamboo stake 1, then pile extension is to the rear pile follower of bamboo post 2 to specifying elevation, bury 2m in pile extension district, horizontal bamboo connecting rod 3 is connected with bamboo post 2 iron wire 7 colligation by the water surface, then the horizontal bamboo connecting rod of colligation is on bamboo post 2 from below to up, and last bamboo diagonal brace 5 forms cross section bamboo raft frame with bamboo post 2 and iron wire 7 colligation of horizontal bamboo connecting rod 3; Carry out segmentation by 10 ~ 20 sections, bamboo connecting rod 4 will be indulged with iron wire 7 and be connected with each section colligation, form longitudinal space framed bent; Last filling packeted soil 13, fills mud 1 ~ 2m and forms downstream bedding in framed bent.
This example adopts one side gear soil gear mud, adopt the native bamboo basketry 6 of full paving gear, completely spread geotextiles 8 He Zhu Purlin 10, implementation step is: keep off native face colligation Zhu Purlin 10 on bamboo post 2 and vertical bamboo connecting rod 4 at bamboo raft frame, then the native bamboo basketry 6 of full paving gear, with on steel wire lashing Zhu Purlin, the native bamboo basketry 6 of gear completely spreads geotextiles 9 and fixedly completes soil-baffling structure.Keep off the native geotextiles Soil test sewed up or thin wire colligation on bamboo basketry.
Keep off native bamboo basketry 6 and adopt 1m*2m specification, on colligation Zhu Purlin; Geotextiles adopts one deck>=150g/m
2woven cloth and one deck>=200g/m
2specification non-woven fabric compounded.Double-deck geotextiles can be laid and colligation respectively, also can one-time laying colligation after two-layer compound, and the mode of once-paving after preferred the latter's compound, efficiency is higher, and lap-joint also can sew up at scene.
Because this routine hydraulic reclamation water levels of upstream and downstream discrepancy in elevation is larger, therefore the front and back bedding of anti-stream soil and the rear back-pressure of anti-extrusion silt arch camber and front bearing structure thing or filler are set, this example adopts 4m width upstream apron, downstream bedding is in conjunction with anti-stream soil, the principle setting reducing downstream arch camber and monolithic stability safety, and the bedding earth and the thick packeted soil 13 of downstream 1m that arrange 1 ~ 1.5m keep off mud.The enforcement order of downstream bedding: first after downstream filling packeted soil 13, employing strand is inhaled, bucket-wheel suction dredger fills mud in framed bent.
The structure of the anti-extrusion leak-stopping of this example adopts lays bamboo basketry 6 at H type post, arranges packeted soil 13 simultaneously, reduce the leakage mud at beach face place at upstream side.
Because this example is banketed higher, therefore front cushion cap bamboo pile foundation is set.Pile foundation of bearing platform is pressed 0.75m spacing blossom type and is arranged bamboo stake, and bury 10m; After bamboo frame section is formed, Anchor Foundation is implemented before implementing, step is, first set bamboo stake 1, then use iron wire 7 by bamboo connecting rod 3 and bamboo stake 1 colligation, then bamboo basketry 6 is placed in bamboo stake, finally bamboo basketry 6 compacting pile follower together with bamboo connecting rod 3, cushion cap bamboo stake 1 is buried, finally lay geotextiles 8 on bamboo basketry.
Anchor Foundation is implemented after front cushion cap and upstream apron complete, adopt three spacing 2.5m, bamboo stake 1, bamboo connecting rod 3, three pieces of bamboo basketry 6 iron wires 7 colligation being greater than 8m of burying forms, implementation step first sets bamboo stake 1, place the bamboo basketry 6 of the good wire rope of colligation, colligation bamboo connecting rod 3 thereon.After Anchor Foundation is formed, wire rope and bamboo raft frame are connected to form grappling drag-line 12.Anchor Foundation adopts drag-line to connect framed bent and bamboo pile foundation, forms the main body load system of dykes and dams.
This example construction passage is located at top layer and middle 2nd layer of connecting rod layer place, adopts bamboo basketry with iron wire colligation on connecting rod layer, is generally laying in real time with the propelling of bamboo raft frame.
The Binding material of this routine bamboo raft frame node adopts 8# iron wire to carry out colligation, and under corrosive water environment, the iron wire near tidal zone adopts the 8# galvanized wire of anti-corrosion protection.
This routine mao bamboon material specification: framed bent bamboo stake tip footpath of burying is greater than 5cm, and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is greater than 10cm.Bamboo diagonal brace and in length and breadth bamboo connecting rod taper are greater than 7cm diameter, on other rod members of taper colligation, and vertical connecting rod overlap joint 2 ~ 3m.
Example 2 single-stage multiaspect is kept off native drainage bamboo dike and is realized
Example 2 is the bamboo dike implementation that on ultra-soft foundation, blowing-filling sludge keeps off native 4m operating mode, adopts the multistage ladder of single-stage bamboo dike to keep off the scheme in native face.Arrange four gear native face steps gear soil, every grade of height about keeping off native 1.2m, total gear soil height 4m, most downstream one-level keeps off native 1.5m.Bamboo raft frame cross section longitudinal pitch 1m, arrange 5 row bamboo posts, its middle and upper reaches three row is pile extension formation, and spacing is 233 3m, and bamboo post height step shape declines, and 1:4.5 is compared on comprehensive slope.
Blowing-filling sludge on ultra-soft foundation, the most difficult is control mud to leak and bamboo dike monolithic stability.For soft foundation monolithic stability problem, this programme have employed the scheme of multi-stage stairs formula gear soil, except most downstream side closes gear soil, other upstreams respectively keep off native face opening dump, make it form the back-pressure of natural equilibrium in downstream, increase resistance to overturning, and to control slope than being 1:6 in the downstream outside.For leakage problem, most downstream one-level bamboo dike takes packed earth weir back-pressure and gear soil, prevents to leak and local foundation instability.
This example is respectively kept off native face opening yardstick and is got 0.5 1.2 1.5m from downstream to upstream, namely first opening is 0.5m, upstream suitably increases progressively, and last opening should not be greater than 1.5m.The gear soil face opening part of weak soil arranges bamboo basketry 6, but does not establish geotextiles 8, and owing to not establishing geotextiles, bamboo basketry 6 hole can not keep off mud comparatively greatly substantially, but bamboo basketry 6 provides resistance.
This routine upstream and downstream face soil-baffling structure structural order is identical, but enforcement order is different.
Other implementation and example 1 similar, no longer describe in detail.
The multistage bamboo dike of example 3 realizes
Multistage bamboo dike is applied to hydraulic reclamation cofferdam, and the bamboo raft frame dike of most downstream one-level must be closed and can keep off native drainage, namely 0 opening and arrange leak-stopping structure, gear soil thickness no more than 2m, its upstream side bamboo raft frame soil-baffling structure is in lower openings.By downstream upstream bottom opening can progressively strengthen, opening yardstick only need meet barged-in fill can become back-pressure layer to downstream trickling, but attention yardstick is unlikely causes extensive leakage.When ground is weak especially, most downstream one-level dykes and dams gear soil is no more than 1.5m, should arrange packeted soil as back-pressure and leak-stopping.
Multistage bamboo dike saturated dredger soft soil or sand points for attention as follows:
1) the single-stage discrepancy in elevation 2 ~ 3m, dredger fill sandy soil 2.5 ~ 4.5m during saturated dredger soft soil.
2) saturated dredger soft soil keeps off soil step by step, and along domatic formula, and should can not use adverse grade, when ground is weak, vertical slope especially can not be used in slope, downstream, and dredger fill sandy soil can not be limit by this.
3) during dredger fill sandy soil, with the increase of hydraulic fill sand thickness, no matter original place base is fine or not, filled foundation is become better and better, and bamboo raft frame stability is also better, therefore, bamboo dike can be built step by step on hydraulic fill foundation, blow mud and then there is no this condition, must build in advance on the base of original place, bamboo raft frame dike at different levels all should after building up hydraulic reclamation again.
4) barged-in fill different bamboo dike bottom opening degree is different with opening form.When blowing mud, the minimum 0.5m of opening amplitude, more upstream opening increases progressively, but all can not more than 1.5m; During blast soil, opening can be larger, and arranges according to actual conditions.Do not establish geotextiles to keep off mud during hydraulic reclamation ooze in opening, but the increase of bamboo basketry must be established to pass through resistance; Then do not set obstacles during dredger fill sandy soil thing.
This example is dredger fill sandy soil operating mode bamboo dyke weir implementation, the native 8m of total gear.Dykes and dams are divided into three grades, are J3, J2, J1 from upstream toward downstream, the spacing 20m of bamboo raft frame at different levels.J1 gear soil height 2.5m, J2 gear soil height 3.5m, J3 gear soil height 4.5m.Consider that original place base may be weak soil, mud most downstream one-level bamboo dike gear soil of no matter blowing sand highly should be less than 2.5m.J2, J3 take bottom gear native face equal opening 0.5m, 1.5m, bamboo basketry at opening part to downward-extension certain length, but due to hydraulic fill sand poor fluidity therefore bottom is complete opening 0.5m.
The main feature of this example has:
A, this example utilize hydraulic fill sand character good, and bamboo dike can be built step by step on hydraulic fill sand ground, and gear soil is raised highly step by step, and by the 2.0m of the first order, to the 4.5m of the third level, main still because dredger fill sandy soil is thicker, ground is better.
B, J2, J3 adopt adverse grade triangle.Adopt the reason of adverse grade to be mainly embedded in dredger fill sandy soil by bamboo dike framework, the character of sand will be better, and bamboo stake is more stable, and bamboo dike framed bent can play the advantage of bamboo wood tension and frictional force.
C, most downstream one-level J1 close gear soil, are openings bottom the gear soil face of J2, J3.Mainly consider the poor fluidity of sand, stop openning and downstream can be made to form back-pressure.
D, anchorage drag-line are that parallel, anchorage bamboo basketry is taked to place vertically.This is also make use of the good characteristic of hydraulic fill sand character.
The order that this example is implemented excavates 1m → construction J3 → hydraulic reclamation 4.5m for building within the scope of J1 → hydraulic reclamation 2.5m → J2 within the scope of excavation 1m → construction J2 → hydraulic reclamation 3.5m → J3.
Claims (10)
1. a fill method for bamboo raft shelf structure, adopts old mao bamboon bar as bamboo stake, bamboo post, bamboo connecting rod, bamboo diagonal brace, bamboo Purlin rod member composition framed bent; Adopt bamboo stake, bamboo connecting rod, bamboo basketry composition Anchor Foundation; Wire rope, wire rope snap close, stretcher composition drag-line is adopted to connect Anchor Foundation and framed bent formation anchoring structure; Adopt bamboo basketry, geotextiles and bamboo purlin rod member composition soil-baffling structure; it is characterized in that first bamboo stake being squeezed into ground forms bamboo pile group; with iron wire, first floor bamboo connecting rod and bamboo stake colligation are formed bamboo pile foundation; then bamboo post iron wire and bamboo stake colligation spreading are formed top bent columns; again layer bamboo connecting rod iron wire each in section and bent columns colligation are formed bamboo raft frame section basic framework; then in framework, bamboo diagonal brace is placed; and be against on support bamboo basketry; with iron wire, itself and bent columns and connecting rod colligation are fixed; form bamboo raft frame diagonal brace, being configured to can the bamboo raft frame section of load; After completing each bamboo raft frame section in a manner described, indulge bamboo connecting rod the iron wire colligation of adjacent bamboo raft frame each section connected by each layer, the bamboo raft frame forming space structures is overall; After bamboo raft frame entirety is formed, colligation Zhu Purlin rod member on gear native face bent columns and bamboo connecting rod, then order is laid and colligation fixed stop soil bamboo basketry, lay drainage geotextiles, forms gear soil and anti-filter structure; Simultaneously, for improving dykes and dams horizontal resist forces, at bamboo raft frame upstream side, setting bamboo stake, colligation bamboo connecting rod and anchorage bamboo basketry and forming bamboo Anchor Foundation, with drag-line, it being connected with bamboo raft frame, to share filled load; After above bamboo pile foundation, bamboo raft frame body, anchoring structure, soil-baffling structure each several part are formed, define the bamboo dike with gear soil gear mud ability.
2. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fracture morphology is generally trapezoidal or stairstepping, and bamboo raft frame can be embedded in upstream side or downstream is banketed interior.
3. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1,2, is characterized in that: bamboo post, bamboo stake select single pole or two bar or the colligation of many bars to be formed.
4. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the every 2-4 of anchorage structures bamboo raft frame section arranges one, anchoring structure drag-line should press close thin principle layered arrangement, many are arranged symmetrically with in principle in cross section, place or with it, level of approximation must be set within the scope of the upper and lower 0.5m in former beach face mud face and connect bamboo raft frame and Anchor Foundation to wire rope drag-line or pull bar, and be no less than 1 drag-line.
5. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, native drainage is kept off in upstream or downstream face multiaspect, the native drainage of gear must be closed in most downstream, upstream keeps off native face and arranges spoil disposal opening, establish bamboo basketry in each opening in upstream during saturated dredger soft soil but do not establish geotextiles, can suitable opening when blowing sand.
6. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1,4,5, it is characterized in that: adopt the geotextiles of band cuff to carry out keeping off native drainage, the first large format piece of individual layer geotextiles forms one section of entirety, the hole of diameter 15 ~ 25cm is set at protruding member and the wire rope place of passing through, and the geotechnological stringing sewing up 30 ~ 50cm long becomes cuff, on-the-spot lay after by cuff with pass through the colligation of thing iron wire and formed closed; Multilayer geotextiles then carries out the geotechnological layer of cloth that MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is processed to form the native drainage of gear after piece, and cuff and sleeve are sewed up in reprocessing, and geotextiles can adopt geotechnological woven cloth, plastic-coated woven cloth, non-woven fabrics, woven fabric material.
7. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: arrange multistage bamboo dike and form differential banketing or hydraulic reclamation cofferdam bamboo raft frame dike, the saturated dredger soft soil single-stage discrepancy in elevation 2 ~ 3m, dredger fill sandy soil 2.5 ~ 4.5m; Spacing 20 ~ the 100m of each bamboo raft frame dike.
8. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1,7, it is characterized in that: when the cofferdam of bamboo raft frame dike at different levels as dredger fill sandy soil, bamboo raft frame dike at different levels builds up hydraulic reclamation after bamboo dike more step by step after hydraulic reclamation certain thickness, and except the one-level of most downstream, all the other bamboo raft frame dike openings at different levels keep off native drainage.
9. according to claim 1, the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure described in 7, it is characterized in that: when on soft foundation as hydraulic reclamation ooze cofferdam time, bamboo raft frame dike at different levels hydraulic reclamation again after all should building up when condition is suitable, the bamboo raft frame dike of most downstream one-level must be closed and can keep off native drainage, namely 0 opening and arrange leak-stopping structure, gear soil thickness is no more than 2m, its upstream side bamboo raft frame soil-baffling structure is in lower openings, the increase of bamboo basketry is established to pass through resistance in opening, by downstream upstream opening progressively strengthen, maximum open yardstick should be controlled, make hydraulic reclamation ooze can become back-pressure layer to downstream trickling, but unlikelyly cause extensive leakage.
10. the fill method of a kind of bamboo raft shelf structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: can establish when bamboo dike ground is weak and reinforce bamboo stake, can reinforce within the scope of framed bent pile foundation, also can framed bent upstream formed bamboo stake reinforce before suspended deck structure; Reinforcing bamboo stake can independent of framed bent pile foundation, arranges according to ground situation, and scope, density and embedded depth can be different from framed bent bamboo pile foundation; Reinforce bamboo stake to use on non-bamboo dike dykes and dams.
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| CN107380351A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-24 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | A kind of artificial anchor and its construction method in soft shale navigation channel |
| CN108562198A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-21 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of collaboration means of defence being used for blasting flyrock and blasting vibration |
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| CN107190761A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-22 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | A kind of artificial bamboo raft cofferdam and its process for constructing |
| CN107380351A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-24 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | A kind of artificial anchor and its construction method in soft shale navigation channel |
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