RU2545320C1 - Method of determination of content of pollution in fuel supplied to rocket unit tank during tests - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in rocket, aviation and other technical applications where the systems with tanks with working liquid are used and which are imposed by high requirements in view of the content of mechanical contaminants. Determination of the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to the rocket unit tank is performed pre-gaging. The gaging includes temporary connection of the filling pipeline outlet a the drain line containing a control filter, the unit upstream the pipeline for adding into the liquid flow of artificial pollutants, passing through the pipeline of the liquid added by the artificial pollutants, with measurement of the volumes of liquid passed through the pipeline and the sampling line, and the pollutants settled on control filters of the drain line and the sampling line, and determination of correction coefficient. The formula for assessment of the correction coefficient is offered. For determination of the pollutant content in the liquid passed into the tank the formula containing the correction coefficient is offered. As far as the determination is performed in view of pre-gaging performed with adding of liquid flowing in the filling pipeline, of pre-set amount of artificial pollutants and in view of possible errors of manufacture and installation of sampling devices, the results of determination using the offered method will characterise the content of pollutants in the fuel supplied to the rocket unit tank with higher accuracy.

EFFECT: improvement of accuracy of determination of the content of pollutants in the fuel supplied to the rocket unit tank and decrease of financial and labour costs.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in aviation, rocket and other fields of technology that use systems including tanks with a working fluid, which are subject to increased requirements for the content of mechanical impurities.

In preparation for testing the missile unit, one of the tasks is to assess the content of contaminants in the liquids supplied to the fuel tanks. The method is intended for use in determining the content of contaminants in the liquid supplied to the tank.

A known method for determining the content of contaminants in a fluid flowing in a pipeline. The method includes taking a liquid sample from a pipeline, filtering a liquid sample under laboratory conditions through a paper or glass filter, and determining the mass of the sediment of the contaminant particles on the filter - by the difference in the mass of the filter with the deposited particles and the initial mass of the filter. The measured values of the mass of contaminants deposited from the sample and the volume of the liquid sample determine the content of contaminants in the liquid flowing in the pipeline (see PN Belyanin, VM Danilov. Industrial cleanliness of machines. Engineering, 1982, p. 1883- 185).

At the same time, it is recommended to use a sampling cylinder with a capacity of at least 100 cm ³ , which is connected to a straight section of the pipeline so that when closing the shut-off elements (valves), it can be removed and the liquid taken into the cylinder used for analysis.

The disadvantage of this method is that the results of the analysis (determining the mass of contaminants in the sample and the content of contaminants in the fluid flowing in the pipeline) characterize the contamination of only that part of the fluid that passed through the pipeline during sampling.

Since during the flow through the pipeline the content of contaminants in the liquid can change, the reliability of the analysis results and the accuracy of determining the content of contaminants using the known method will be low.

It should also be noted that liquid sampling can be carried out with different filling times for the sampling cylinder. This will lead to the fact that the conditions for the arrival of contaminant particles with the liquid will vary and the accuracy of determining the content of contaminants in the liquid flowing in the pipeline will decrease. With greater reliability, the content can be determined using the method for determining the content of contaminants (Patent for the invention No. 2431130, 06.22. 2010, “Method for determining the content of contaminants in the fluid flowing in the pipeline”). This is achieved by the fact that they continuously take part of the liquid from the pipeline to the sampling line with the condition that the liquid velocity in the intake element of the sampling device is equal to the liquid velocity in the pipe at the installation site of the sampling device, passing the selected liquid through the control filter of the sampling line, returning the filtered liquid to the pipeline and the use of measured values of the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the sampling line, and the volume of fluid passed through the pipeline on the selection line.

In addition, a calibration is preliminarily carried out, including temporarily connecting the pipeline outlet to a drain line containing a control filter, passing liquid through the pipeline, and measuring the volumes that have passed through the pipeline and the sampling line and the impurities deposited on the control filters of the drain line and the sampling line, and determining correction coefficient k _t according to the formula

, $$k_t=\frac{m_{\mathrm{one}t}}{m_{2t}(\frac{V_{0t}}{V_{2t}}-\mathrm{one})}$$

,

where m _1t is the mass of contaminants in the liquid passing through the pipeline during calibration and deposited on the control filter of the drain line;

m _2t is the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the sampling line;

V _0t is the volume of fluid passed through the pipeline during calibration;

V _2t is the volume of fluid passed through the selection line during calibration.

The content of contaminants in the fluid flowing in the pipeline is determined taking into account the preliminary calibration according to the formula

, $$m_{\mathrm{one}}=m_2{k}_t(\frac{V_0}{V_2}-\mathrm{one})$$

,

where m ₁ is the mass of contaminants in the fluid passing through the pipeline;

m ₂ is the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the sampling line;

V ₀ - the volume of fluid passing through the pipeline;

V ₂ - the volume of fluid passing through the selection line and a control filter;

k _t is the correction factor.

However, the method has disadvantages, which boil down to the following (see patent No. 2431130).

As follows from the description, calibration is carried out using a working fluid. However, in practical conditions, working fluids (for example, rocket fuels) contain insignificant amounts of contaminants due to high requirements, and when calibration is carried out on the control filter of the sampling line, particles of contamination will be deposited, the total mass of which is small and its estimation can lead to errors. In addition, calibration under such conditions will require the use of significant volumes of working fluid.

These features will lead to a decrease in accuracy and to an increase in financial and labor costs when determining the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to the tank of the rocket block.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to the tank of the rocket unit, and to reduce financial and labor costs.

This is achieved by the fact that the determination of the content of contaminants in the rocket fuel supplied to the fuel tank of the rocket block is carried out after preliminary calibration, which includes the temporary connection of the outlet of the filling pipeline to a drain line containing a control filter, and installation of artificial impurities into the liquid inlet into the pipeline passing through a pipeline fluid into which artificial contaminants are introduced, measuring the volumes of fluid passing through the pipeline and a sampling line, and pollution deposited on the control filters of the drain line and the selection line, and the determination of the correction factor k _ty according to the formula

, $$k_{t\mathrm{and}}=\frac{m_{\mathrm{one}t\mathrm{and}}}{m_{2t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_{0t\mathrm{and}}}{V_{2t\mathrm{and}}}-\mathrm{one}\right)}$$

,

where m _1ti is the mass of artificial contaminants in the fluid that passed through the filling pipeline during calibration and deposited on the control filter of the drain line;

m _2ti is the mass of artificial contaminants in the liquid passing through the sampling line during calibration and deposited on the control filter of the sampling line;

V _0ti - the volume of fluid passed through the filling pipeline during calibration;

V _2ti - the volume of fluid passed through the selection line during calibration;

and the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to the fuel tank of the rocket block is determined using the measured values of the volumes of liquid passing through the filling pipe and the selection line, and the mass of pollution deposited after the end of the fuel supply, on the control filter of the selection line, after preliminary calibration , according to the formula

, $$M_{\mathrm{one}}=m_2{k}_{t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_0}{V_2}-\mathrm{one}\right)$$

,

where M ₁ is the mass of contaminants in the rocket fuel supplied to the fuel tank of the rocket block;

m ₂ is the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the filling pipe selection line after the end of the fuel supply to the fuel tank;

V ₀ is the volume of fuel passing through the filling line into the fuel tank;

V ₂ - the amount of fuel passed through the selection line, a control filter and returned to the filling pipe;

k _ti - correction factor.

Particles of materials that do not alter the physicochemical characteristics of the fuel are used as artificial impurities.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for implementing the proposed method. The device (Figure 1) includes a filling pipe 1, which is an integral part of the technological system for supplying fuel to the tank of the rocket block 10.

In the pipeline 1, a device for selecting 2 parts of the fluid flowing in the pipeline is installed. A sampling line 3 is connected to a sampling device 2, containing a control filter 5, a liquid flow meter 6, and shut-off elements - valves 4, 7.

The control filter of the selection line is performed with the condition that it can be disassembled and the particles of contaminants deposited on it can be collected for subsequent analysis, including mass determination.

The dimensions of the filtering element (filtering area) of the control filter are fulfilled with the condition of eliminating changes in the flow rate of the liquid through the filter when particles of contaminants are deposited on it.

The pipeline 1 also includes a flow meter 8 of the fluid flowing in the pipeline, a device 9 for regulating the flow of fluid in the pipeline 1 and in the sampling line 3 (throttle device).

Calibration is carried out previously. To carry out the calibration (Figure 2), disconnect the tank of the rocket block and temporarily connect a drain line 12 containing a control filter 13 and a drain tank (not shown in the drawing), and an artificial impurity input device 11 is installed at the entrance to the filling pipeline 1 (see, for example, Utility Model Patent No. 100429, 07/08/2010, “Device for forming a fluid flow in a pipeline with a given content of contaminant particles”).

The method is as follows.

After manufacturing the devices and installing the supply system, which determines the content of contaminant particles in the liquid supplied to the tank of the rocket block, the pipeline 1 is temporarily (Figure 2) disconnected from the tank 10, and a drain line 12 is connected to the pipeline 1 (to the end section), which contains the control filter 13. At the entrance to the filling pipeline 1, an artificial impurity input device is installed 11. The shut-off elements 4, 7 are opened. Liquid is introduced into the pipeline 1 and artificial pollution is introduced by the device 11.

From the pipeline 1 with the flowing liquid, the flow rate of which is measured by the flow meter 8, part of the liquid through the sampling device 2 continuously enters the sampling line 3 and through the sampling line to the control filter 5, where contamination particles are deposited on the filter element.

The liquid filtered by the control filter 5 enters the flow meter 6 of the selection line 3 and then returns to the pipeline 1 to the liquid stream behind the flow control device 9.

The main fluid flow passes through the pipeline 1 and further along the drain line 12 through the control filter 13 into the drain tank (not shown in the drawing).

The duration of the fluid flow is determined on the basis of experimental data.

At a given point in time, the introduction of artificial contaminants is stopped, the liquid supply to the pipeline 1 is stopped, the valves 4, 7 of the sampling line 3 are closed, the control filter 5 of the sampling line 3 is removed, the control filter 13 of the drain line is disassembled, the filter elements are removed and the filter elements are determined, and in accordance with existing technology, the mass of contaminant particles deposited during calibration on the filter element of the control filter 13 of the pipeline m ₁ and the filter element of the control filter 5 of the line selection and m ₂ . The measured values of the flow rate determine the volume of fluid passing through the V _0ti pipeline and through the V _2ti sampling _line during calibration.

Using the measured values, the correction factor (calibration coefficient) k _{ti is} determined by the formula

. $$k_{t\mathrm{and}}=\frac{m_{\mathrm{one}t\mathrm{and}}}{m_{2t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_{0t\mathrm{and}}}{V_{2t\mathrm{and}}}-\mathrm{one}\right)}$$

.

After calibration, the drain line 12 containing the control filter 13 is disconnected. To the filling pipe 1 is connected the line for supplying liquid to the fuel tank of the rocket block. A control filter 5 is installed in the selection line 3 (after removal of contaminant particles deposited during calibration from the filter element).

The determination of the content of contaminants in rocket fuel supplied to the tank of the rocket block is carried out in the following sequence (Figure 1).

The locking elements 4, 7 are opened. The liquid is supplied via line 1 to the fuel tank 10 of the rocket block. From the pipeline 1 with the flowing liquid, the flow rate of which is measured by the flow meter 8, part of the liquid through the sampling device 2 continuously enters the sampling line 3 and through the sampling line to the control filter 5, where contamination particles are deposited on the filter element. The liquid filtered by the control filter 5 after the flow meter 6 of the selection line 3 enters (returns) to the pipeline 1 into the main stream behind the flow control device 9. After the liquid supply is completed through the pipeline 1, the valves 4, 7 of the sampling line 3 are closed, the control filter 5 is removed, it is disassembled, the filter element is removed and the mass of pollution particles m ₂ deposited on the filter element is determined. In addition, the volumes of liquid passed through the pipeline into the fuel tank 10 (volume V ₀ ) and along the sampling line 3 (volume V ₂ ) are determined by the measured liquid flow meters 6, 8, the values of the liquid flow rate and the duration of the liquid flow in the pipeline 1 and in the line sampling 3.

The mass of contaminants in the liquid (fuel) entering the tank of the rocket block M ₁ is determined (using the calibration coefficient k _ty ) from the expression

. $$M_{\mathrm{one}}=m_2{k}_{t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_0}{V_2}-\mathrm{one}\right)$$

.

Since the determination is carried out taking into account calibration carried out using the input into the liquid flowing in the filling pipeline, the specified amount of artificial contaminants and taking into account possible errors in the manufacture and installation of sampling devices, the results of the determination using the proposed method will characterize the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to tank missile unit, with greater accuracy. In addition, during the preliminary calibration, due to the use of artificial pollutants filling the pipeline, the required amount of expensive working fluid (rocket fuel) will decrease, which will lead to a reduction in financial and labor costs and opens up the possibility (if necessary) of additional calibration.

Claims (2)

1. A method for determining the content of contaminants in rocket fuel supplied to the tank of a rocket block during testing, including filling the fuel tank with rocket fuel through a filling pipe with a flow measurement, continuous selection of a portion of the liquid from the filling pipeline with a flow measurement to a sampling line containing a control filter, with the condition that the fluid velocity in the intake element of the sampling device is equal to the fluid velocity in the pipeline at the installation site of the sampling device, the return of the filtered liquid in the filling pipe, measuring the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the sampling line, characterized in that the content of contaminants in the fuel supplied to the fuel tank of the rocket block is determined using the measured values of the volumes of liquid passing through the filling pipe and sampling line, and the mass of contaminants deposited after the end of the fuel supply, on the control filter of the selection line, after preliminary calibration, according to the formula
$$M_{\mathrm{one}}=m_2{k}_{t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_0}{V_2}-\mathrm{one}\right)$$

,
where M ₁ is the mass of contaminants in the rocket fuel supplied to the fuel tank of the rocket block;
m ₂ is the mass of contaminants deposited on the control filter of the filling pipe selection line after the end of the fuel supply to the fuel tank;
V ₀ is the volume of fuel passing through the filling line into the fuel tank;
V ₂ - the amount of fuel passed through the selection line, a control filter and returned to the filling pipe;
k _ti - correction factor. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a calibration is preliminarily carried out, including temporarily connecting the outlet of the filling pipeline to a drain line containing a control filter, and installing artificial impurities at the inlet of the pipeline into the liquid flow, passing the liquid through the pipeline, which is introduced by artificial pollution, with the measurement of the volume of fluid passing through the pipeline and the selection line, and the pollution deposited on the control filters of the drain line and the selection line, determination of the correction factor by the formula
$$k_{t\mathrm{and}}=\frac{m_{\mathrm{one}t\mathrm{and}}}{m_{2t\mathrm{and}}\left(\frac{V_{0t\mathrm{and}}}{V_{2t\mathrm{and}}}-\mathrm{one}\right)}$$

,
where m _1ti is the mass of artificial contaminants in the fluid that passed through the filling pipeline during calibration and deposited on the control filter of the drain line;
m _2ti is the mass of artificial contaminants in the liquid passing through the sampling line during calibration and deposited on the control filter of the sampling line;
V _0ti - the volume of fluid passed through the filling pipeline during calibration;
V _2ti - the volume of fluid passed through the selection line during calibration.

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