RU2545142C1 - Bushing vibration isolator and method of its manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: vibration isolator comprises a circular mounting flange (1), a pair of cone-shaped resilient damping elements (2), bushes with dish flanges (3, 4), a stud (5) with threaded ends. The resilient damping elements are made from a coil (6) wound from springy metal wire with turn pitch being equal to the coil diameter, and pressed into a cone shape. The coil is made from a pair of interconnected links with different diameters of springy wire which are wound in coils of different diameter, and is laid with tension crosswise. The link with greater coil diameter is laid over the link with smaller diameter. The method to produce such a vibration isolator includes the following operations. Both coils are stretched up to the turn pitch equal to the diameter of the respective coil. The coil of smaller diameter is wound onto a mandrel, then the coil of greater diameter is wound over it crosswise to form a resilient barrel-like element with further moulding into a cone-shaped resilient damping element. The bigger and the smaller bases of the resilient damping elements are fixed to respectively the mounting circular flange and the inner surfaces of dish flanges which have been treated by sand, with the help of sound glue joint with pressing by the stud. The cone-shaped resilient damping elements are impregnated by lubricating mixture.EFFECT: higher reliability, longer life of a vibration isolator, protection against vibration in cross directions.2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, mainly to rocket and space technology, and can be used for vibration isolation panels for displaying information and controlling the onboard systems of a transport ship, where a decrease in the level of vibration and shock load is required.

A damping element is known, wound from interconnected metal spirals of different diameters, with a spiral of a smaller diameter being wound round to round in several layers, and then a larger diameter coil being wound at an angle to a spiral of smaller diameter, over which a winding method is presented. A disadvantage of the known damping element is the insufficient bundle of turns of a spiral of a smaller diameter between them, which leads to insufficient stiffness of the damping element (US patent No. 5149068, NKI 267/147, IPC F16f 7/00 from 09/22/1992).

A sleeve insulator is also known, containing two elasto-damping elements of rectangular cross section made of metal rubber material, located in the seats of the annular base on both sides with the same pressing force by the restrictive flanges, the bolt tightening them with a fixing nut, holes are made in the annular base for fastening to the protected product from exposure vibration loads, and threaded holes are made in the restrictive flanges for attaching to the external reinforcement of the object (German patent No.DE440813 9, IPC F16f 1/38 dated 09/21/1995). The disadvantage of the sleeve vibration isolator is the insufficient protection of the product from loads in the transverse direction, which limits the scope of its use.

Known vibration insulator sleeve, adopted for the prototype, containing two elasto-damping elements made of metal rubber material, placed on an annular base on both sides with different pressing forces by restrictive washers mounted on the sleeve coaxially with the annular base and elasto-damping elements. In addition, between the annular base and one of the restriction washers, two preloaded unloading springs are introduced coaxially with them, one of which is cylindrical, covering, for the most part of its turns, the outer surface of the elastic-damping element, and the other - a conical spring installed in the inner central conical opening of the elastic-damping element, the coil of the smaller base tightly covers the outer surface of the shoulder of the restrictive washer, and most of the turns of the conical spring They are mounted on the inner conical surface of the central hole of the elastic-damping element, the central sleeve being made in the form of a fixing rod at the same time with a restrictive washer at one end and a threaded part at the opposite end, and the other restrictive washer is pressed through its central collar onto the fixing rod and secured with a nut with longitudinal turnkey grooves (patent for utility model No. 95048, IPC F16f 3/08 “Vibroinsulator sleeve”, published. 06/10/2010)

The disadvantage of the sleeve vibration damper is the wear of the damping element made of metal rubber, caused by its dry friction against the unloading springs, thereby reducing the resource.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and improve its damping properties by increasing the stiffness of the elastic damping elements in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the sleeve insulator containing a mounting ring flange, a pair of cone-shaped elastic damping elements with the same degree of rigidity, rigidly fixed to the mounting ring flange on both sides with large bases with the same compressive forces, bushings with disk flanges covering and rigidly fixed to them the inner surface of the smaller bases of the cone-shaped elastic damping elements, a stud with threaded ends, made integral with one of the plate fl seedlings at the threaded end, mounted coaxially to the fastening annular flange and screwed into the opposite threaded end of the other poppet flange.

Distinctive features of the proposed sleeve insulator are that the cone is elastic-damping, the elements are made of a spiral wound from a springy metal wire, with a pitch between the turns of the spiral equal to its diameter, in the form of an elastic barrel-shaped element with subsequent crimping into an elastic-damping element of a conical shape, and the spiral made of a pair of interconnected links with different diameters of the spring wire and laid tightly crosswise, and the link with a large diameter spirals laid on top of its smaller diameter.

A method of manufacturing a sleeve vibration absorber, which consists in the fact that the elastic damping element is wound from interconnected metal spirals of different diameters, with a spiral of a smaller diameter being wound first on a mandrel, and then a larger diameter spiral being wound over it.

The differences of the method are that first, before winding, both links of the spiral are stretched to a step between the turns equal to the diameter of the corresponding link of the spiral, then the extended links of the spiral are wound crosswise into an elastic barrel-shaped element with subsequent crimping into a cone-shaped elastic-damping element, the length of the elastic barrel-shaped element being 2 , 7 ÷ 2.9 times the length of the cone-shaped elastic damping element, and the diameter, respectively, is 1.2-1.4 times larger. In addition, a reliable glue rigid connection of the surfaces of large and smaller bases of cone-shaped elastic damping elements, respectively, with the surfaces of the mounting ring flange and the inner surfaces of the plate flanges with the pin being pressed against it, provides vibration protection of the product from axial and lateral loads.

Reliable adhesive bonding is facilitated by sandblasting the mounting annular flange and the inner surfaces of the disk flanges.

The implementation of the differences of the invention in conjunction with the characteristics given in the characterizing part of the formula, ensures the achievement of a new technical effect of the vibration damper sleeve:

- increased reliability of the vibration isolator sleeve by increasing the rigidity of the cone-shaped elastic damping elements,

- an increase in the life of the sleeve vibration damper due to the impregnation of cone-shaped elasto-damping elements with a lubricant mixture, thereby eliminating spiral break due to friction,

- ensuring effective vibration protection of the protected product not only against loads in the longitudinal axis, but also in the transverse directions.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the proposed vibration isolator sleeve.

Figure 2 presents a method of manufacturing an elastic barrel-shaped element and a diagram of a device for winding it.

Figure 3 presents the crimping of the elastic barrel-shaped element into a cone-shaped elastic damping element and the design of the device for its implementation.

In Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6, a phased assembly of a sleeve vibration isolator is shown.

The vibration isolator contains a fixing ring flange 1, Fig. 1, a pair of cone-shaped elastic damping elements 2, rigidly fixed by gluing to the fixing ring flange 1 on two sides with large bases pressed with equal efforts, bushings with disk flanges 3, 4 covering and rigidly fixed to their inner surfaces with adhesive bonding with smaller bases of cone-shaped elastic damping elements 2, a stud 5 with threaded ends, made integral with one of the disk flanges 3 at the threaded end tsa, stud 5 is mounted coaxially with the mounting annular flange 1 and screwed with the opposite threaded end into another plate flange 4 with the compression of the elastic-damping elements 2.

Figure 2 and Figure 3 shows the manufacturing methods of a cone-shaped elastic damping element 2. It is made of a spiral 6 wound from a spring metal wire with a pitch between the turns of the spiral 6 equal to its diameter into an elastic barrel-shaped element 7 (Figure 2) followed by by crimping (Figure 3) into a cone-shaped elastic damping element 2, the spiral 6 being made of a pair of interconnected links with different diameters d ₁ and d _{2 of the} spring wire and diameters D ₁ and D _{2 of the} spirals 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ and laid tightly crosswise (Figure 2).

To ensure optimal stiffness of the vibration isolator, the sleeve dimensions of the elastic barrel-shaped element 7 and the conical elastic-damping element 2 are related by the relations:

L _ube = (2.7 ÷ 2.9) L _Coude ,

where L _ube - the length of the elastic barrel-shaped element,

L _coude is the length of the cone-shaped _{elastic damping} element.

and D _ube = (1.2 ÷ 1.4) · d _coude ,

where D _ube is the largest diameter of the elastic barrel-shaped element.

d _coude is the diameter of the larger base of the cone-shaped _{elastic damping} element.

The ratios are achieved by calculation and experimental means.

Figure 2 presents the elastic barrel-shaped element 7 and a diagram of a device for its manufacture.

A spiral with a smaller wire diameter d ₁ and a spiral diameter D _{1 that} is previously wound round to round is fed into a stretching assembly of spiral 6, which contains two pairs of rotating rollers 8 ₁ 8 ₂ and 9 ₁ 9 ₂ installed at a distance from each other with grooves made in them moreover, the speed of rotation of the rollers 9 ₁ 9 ₂ higher than the speed of rotation of the rollers 8 ₁ 8 ₂ . As a result, the spiral 6 ₁ is stretched to a step h ₁ between the turns of the spiral 6 _{1 of} small diameter D ₁ and to step h _{2 of the} spiral 6 _{2 of} larger diameter D ₂ . Then the spiral 6 is fed to a rotating roller 10 mounted on a bar 11, made with the possibility of vertically reciprocating movement, regulating the tension of the spiral 6. Then the spiral passes into the hole of the lever 12, made at its end, and the opposite end of the lever 12 is mounted on the roller 13 The end of the lever 12 with the hole carries out horizontal reciprocating movements with an adjustable amplitude of movement, while the spiral 6 fits snugly on the rotating shaft 14 cross-thread to coil, forming thereby the elastic barrel-shaped element 7. Moreover, the spiral link 6 _{2 of} larger diameter D _{2 is} laid on the spiral link 6 _{1 of} smaller diameter D ₁ .

The removed elastic barrel-shaped element 7 is installed in the device of its crimping 15 (Fig 3), containing a matrix 16, including a base 17 and a central pin 18 made integrally, and a glass 19 mounted on the base 17, and a punch 20, the pressing surface 21 of which is conical moreover, the diameters of the smaller D _m and larger D _b bases are respectively equal to the diameters of the smaller and larger bases of the cone-shaped elastic damping elements 2, as well as with the same length, the elastic barrel-shaped element 7 is set I am on the pin 18 close to the surface of the base 17 and the punch 20 is pressed with exposure to a cone-shaped elastic damping element 2 of the necessary stiffness, while the punch 20 adjoins the surface 22 to the glass 19 of the matrix 16.

The assembly of the sleeve vibration absorber is carried out in the device shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6.

The device includes a channel-shaped bracket 23 with openings 24, 25 made in its side walls, one of which 25 is threaded, a screw 26 with a thrust bearing 27, cups 28 (FIG. 4, FIG. 5) and cup 29 (FIG. .6).

Sandblasting of the adhesive surfaces of the mounting annular flange and the inner surfaces of the plate flanges is preliminarily performed, followed by their degreasing.

Initially (Figure 4), one of the cone-shaped elastic damping elements 2 with a large base is rigidly connected with glue on one side of the fixing ring flange 1 so that the inner surface of the annular flange of the flange covers the larger base of the element 2, and the other cone-shaped elastic-damping element 2 with a smaller base is rigidly connected with glue with the inner surface of the disk flange 4 and is installed with a large base to the opposite side of the mounting annular flange 1. To the assembled structure with on the opposite sides, cups 28 are installed, one of the cups being installed in the hole 24 of the bracket 23, and the other cup 28 is pressed by a screw 26 through the thrust bearing 27 to the cone-shaped elastic damping element 2.

Then, after the hardening of the glue and dismantling of the structure, the larger base of the second cone-shaped elastic damping element 2 is rigidly connected with glue on the opposite side of the mounting annular flange 1 (Figure 5) so that the inner surface of the annular flange of the flange 1 covers the surface of the larger base of the element 2, to the smaller base element 2, a cup 28 is installed, which fits into the hole 24 of the bracket 23, and the opposite side of the structure is pressed by a screw 26 through the thrust bearing 27 and held until shutter glue scraping.

After dismantling (Figure 5), the final stage of assembly of the sleeve vibration isolator (Figure 6) is carried out.

The smaller base of the second cone-shaped elastic damping element 2 is rigidly glued to the inner surface of the disk-shaped flange 3, which is integral with the pin 5, while the threaded end of the pin 5 is screwed into the disk-shaped flange 4, and the opposite threaded end of the pin 5 is installed in the hole 24 of the bracket 23. Assembled design is pressed by a screw 26 with a thrust bearing 27 through the installed cup 29 adjacent to the mounting ring flange 1 with compression.

After the glue has hardened, the sleeve insulator is removed from the device and impregnated with a lubricant mixture to prevent friction between the spirals when it is loaded and thereby breaking the spiral.

Vibroinsulator sleeve works as follows.

The mounting annular flange 1 through the holes 30 ₁ , 30 _{2, the} sleeve insulator is fixed with fasteners on the product that is protected from vibration and shock loads, and the threaded end of the stud 5, the sleeve insulator is fixed to the object armature, which is the source of vibration and shock loads, and is fixed with a nut 31 .

When exposed to vibration insulator sleeve vibration and shock loads from top to bottom in the longitudinal axis direction, the upper (Figure 1) cone-shaped elastic damping element KUE 2 is compressed, and the lower KUE 2 is stretched by the same amplitude. When the load is backward upward, the upper KUE 2 is stretched, and the lower KUE 2 is compressed. In this case, a significant part of the vibrational energy is dissipated due to the elastic properties of the spirals. Similarly occurs when a transverse load is applied to the vibration isolator.

Due to the increased stiffness of the KUE 2, the resonant frequency of the vibration isolator decreases by 1.5–2 times, which is one of the main characteristics of the quality of vibration isolation.

Industrial application.

Using the materials of the application, the authors developed documentation for the AVP-15 sleeve shock absorber, produced a batch of shock absorbers, tested for axial (tensile and compression of cone-shaped elastic damping elements), cantilever loads, and also amplitude-frequency characteristics were taken.

At a rated load of 15 kg, the resonant frequency at an axial load of (16 ÷ 20) Hz, the dynamic coefficient at an axial load of 3.5-4.0, static deflection at a nominal load:

- axial load 1.6 ÷ 2.0 mm;

- cantilever load - 1.5 ÷ 2.0 mm.

Static deflection at a load of 90 kg:

- axial load 6 ÷ 7 mm,

- cantilever load - not more than 7 mm.

In addition, minimal overall mass characteristics were obtained.

Thus, the proposed design of the sleeve vibration isolator and the method of its manufacture, as well as the obtained technical characteristics, can be used for vibration isolation, vibration suppression of information display panels, and control of the vehicle’s onboard systems.

The parent enterprise of aerospace equipment for control panels for displaying transport vehicle information is interested in using the proposed sleeve vibration damper (according to the developed documentation AVP-15).

In addition, given the demand for the sleeve vibration damper in the domestic and foreign markets, for example China, Korea, and taking into account the production equipment for its manufacture, it is possible to supply it in the required volume.

Information sources

1. US patent No. 5149068, "Resilient anti-vibration sleeve, in particular for an exhaust couplings, NKI 267/147, IPC F16f 7/00 from 09/22/1992

2. German patent No. DE4408139, “Compact vibration = damping engine mounting)), IPC F16f 1/38 dated 09/21/1995.

3. RF patent for utility model No. 95048, “Vibroinsulator sleeve”, IPC F16f 3/08 from 06/10/2010.

Claims (2)

1. A sleeve vibration isolator containing a mounting ring flange, a pair of cone-shaped elastic damping elements with the same degree of stiffness, rigidly fixed to the mounting ring flange on both sides with large bases with the same compressive forces, bushings with plate flanges covering and rigidly fixed to the cone-shaped elastic element smaller bases , a stud with threaded ends, made integral with one of the disk flanges at the threaded end, mounted coaxially with the mounting to a ring flange and screwed with the opposite threaded end into another plate flange, characterized in that the cone-shaped elastic damping elements are made of a spiral wound from a spring metal wire with a pitch between the turns of the spiral equal to its diameter in the form of an elastic barrel-shaped element with subsequent crimping into a cone-shaped elastic element moreover, the spiral is made of a pair of interconnected links with different diameters of the spring wire, wound in spirals of different diameters, and ozhena cross interference fit, wherein the element with a larger diameter spiral laid on top of it smaller. 2. A method of manufacturing a sleeve vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein the elastic damping element is wound from interconnected metal spirals of different diameters, and a smaller diameter coil is wound on a mandrel, and then a larger diameter coil is wound, characterized in that first, both spirals are stretched to a step between the turns equal to the diameter of the corresponding spiral, then the extended spirals are wound crosswise into an elastic barrel-shaped element with subsequent crimping into a cone shaped elastic-damping element, the length of the elastic barrel-shaped element 2.7-2.9 times greater than the conical elastic-damping element, and the diameter, respectively, greater than 1.2-1.4 times, in addition, the larger and smaller bases of the conical elastic-damping elements are fixed to the sandblasted processing according to the fixing ring flange and the inner surfaces of the dish-shaped flanges with a reliable adhesive connection with a pin preload, and the cone-shaped elastic damping elements are impregnated with lubricant a mixture.

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