RU2539304C2 - Vehicle magnetic levitation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to magnetic-levitation transport technique. Vehicle magnetic levitation device includes vertically installed electric motors with frontal magnetic wheels on shaft and electroconductive element. The motors are installed in active road structure, and electroconductive element is installed on vehicle carrying bogie. Magnetic wheels are made as frontal disks with segments made of constant magnets top surface of which coincides with top surface of active road structure base. The electroconductive element is made as expanded "squirrel-cage" structure installed in grooves of ferromagnetic core in the bottom of vehicle carrying bogie.

EFFECT: lower mass and dimensions parameters.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of magnetic vehicle transport technology, and in particular to the design of the node (system) of magnetic levitation to achieve magnetodynamic levitation in the parking lot, acceleration and braking areas of the vehicle.

A device is known "Electromagnetic Inductive Suspension and Stabilization System for a Ground Vehicle" - "Electromagnetic inductive suspension and stabilization system for land vehicles" (US No. 3,470,828; B61B 13/08; H01F 7/00; H02K 41/00, 10/07/1969 ) An electromagnetic inductive suspension and a stabilization system for ground vehicles contains four superconducting coils, arranged in pairs on the starboard and left sides of the vehicle and creating a magnetic field of variable polarity in the direction of travel of the vehicle. On the active track structure there are horizontal and vertical short-circuited electrically conductive circuits installed in two rows on both sides of the vehicle in the direction of its movement. Horizontal and vertical short-circuited electrically conductive circuits respectively provide levitation and lateral stabilization of the vehicle. In this technical solution, when a vehicle is moving, the electromagnetic interaction of onboard superconducting coils with horizontal short-circuited electrically conductive circuits creates a lifting force, and with vertical short-circuited electrically conductive circuits creates a force in the horizontal lateral direction when the vertical short-circuited electrically conductive circuits shift to the left or right of the plane of symmetry of the onboard superconductors coils.

However, horizontal and vertical short-circuits installed on the active track structure create lift and lateral stabilization only when the vehicle is moving, and the vehicle switches to levitation mode at a high initial speed, as a result of which the vehicle needs to park and move in acceleration and braking sections in the optional installation of vertical wheels.

Known device magnetodynamic levitation technology "Inductrack" (General Atomics Low Speed Maglev Technology Development Program (Supplemental # 3). - Final Report. - FTA-CA-26-7025.2005. - May, 2005). The Inductrack magnetodynamic levitation device contains on-board permanent levitation and lateral stabilization magnets mounted on a vehicle trolley assembled according to the Halbach array scheme, and flat tracks made of an electrically conductive material on the active track structure. A flat track made of litz is an assembly of segments of stranded wire (litts), which are short-circuited in the end part. A flat laminate track is a pack of thin, electrically conductive sheets with transverse perforation. The assembly of permanent magnets according to the “Halbach array” scheme makes it possible to almost double the magnetic induction of the field in the levitation gap, and horizontally arranged tracks of litts or laminate to reduce eddy current losses, which together increases the efficiency of the levitation system and lateral stabilization, allowing to reduce the initial transition speed vehicle into levitation mode.

The disadvantages of the known device are the inability to ensure the levitation of the vehicle in the parking lot and, accordingly, the need for additional installation of vertical wheels.

A known analogue is the electromagnetic vehicle levitation system (Deutsches Reichspatent DE643316 (C) - Schwebebahn mit raederlosen Fahrzeugen, die an eisemen Fahrschienen mittels magnetischer Felder schwebend entlang gefuehrt werden / Hermann Kemper. ., patent issued 04/05/1937), which underlies the Transrapid technology (Technology Comparison: High Speed Ground Transportation Transrapid Superspeed Maglev and Bombardier JetTrain / December 2002. - Sources for This Paper Federal Railroad Administration Transrapid Intemational-USA, Inc. Bombardier Transportation. - 17 pp.), Containing on-board levitation electromagnets and side stub installed in the side chambers of the carrier trolley tion of a ferromagnetic core, and the active track structure - dialed from sheet electrical steel ferromagnetic rails. Due to the lower attraction of the on-board electromagnets to the ferromagnetic rail between the vehicle and the active track structure, a levitation gap is maintained in the parking lot, in acceleration, braking and travel areas. An electronic current control system for on-board electromagnets of levitation and lateral stabilization, equipped with sensors for measuring clearance and feedback, provides levitation in the parking lot and when the vehicle is moving in all high-speed modes, without requiring additional installation of vertical wheels.

The disadvantages of the analogue are the complexity of its design and low operational reliability due to the need to use a power source of electromagnets and sensors on board the vehicle with an electronic system for determining the levitation gap, operating at an operating speed of 100,000 measurements per second.

The closest in technical essence and the obtained positive technical result to the claimed “Device magnetic vehicle levitation” is the “Maglev Planar Transportation Vehicle” - “J.-H. Park, YS Baek. Design and Analysis of a Maglev Planar Transportation Vehicle / IEEE Transaction on Magnetics. - 2008. - V.44. - No. 7. - P. 1830-1836), in which the levitation device contains electric motors vertically mounted on board the vehicle with end magnetic wheels on the shaft, and in active track structure - electro rovodyaschie elements in the form of the tire.

In this technical solution, the electromagnetic interaction of rotating magnetic wheels with electrically conductive tires provides the vehicle levitation - in the parking lot, during acceleration, braking and on the road.

However, electric motors with magnetic wheels mounted on board the vehicle have a large mass and dimensions, worsening the vehicle's overall dimensions and require powerful on-board power sources for their operation.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a new device for magnetic levitation of a vehicle with small specific weight and size indicators of an element of a device of magnetic levitation of a vehicle installed on board a vehicle, and the lack of energy costs of on-board power sources for levitation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the vehicle’s magnetic levitation device, which includes vertically mounted electric motors with end magnetic wheels on the shaft and an electrically conductive element, electric motors with end magnetic wheels on the shaft are installed in the active track structure, and the electrically conductive element is on the vehicle support trolley, moreover, the magnetic wheels are made in the form of end disks with segments of permanent magnets, the upper plane of which coincides with the upper the ground plane of the active track structure, and the electrically conductive element is made in the form of a deployed “squirrel cage” installed in the grooves of the ferromagnetic core in the bottom of the carrier carriage.

Due to the use of vertically arranged motors in the active track structure with end disks with permanent magnets fixed to the shafts, the most bulky and large-mass element of the vehicle’s magnetic levitation device is installed outside the vehicle, improving its overall dimensions, and the need for on-board power sources is eliminated levitation.

Due to the use of deployed “squirrel cage” type windings in the vehicle’s magnetic levitation device installed horizontally in the bottom of the vehicle’s carriage, the design is simplified and the levitation qualities of the vehicle’s magnetic levitation device are improved.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by figures 1, 2, 3, where:

figure 1 shows a drawing (top view) of a General view of the active track structure with vertically mounted electric motors in it with end disks mounted on shafts with permanent magnets in the form of segments;

figure 2 shows a drawing (longitudinal section) of the active track structure with vertically mounted electric motors in it and end disks mounted on their shafts;

figure 3 shows a drawing (longitudinal section) of the deployed winding type "squirrel cage" device magnetic levitation of the vehicle.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is as follows.

The device of magnetic levitation of the vehicle is installed on its sides. It contains two lines of electric motors 7, which can be of the same type, with end disks 2 rigidly seated on their shafts, equipped with permanent magnet segments 3 (Figs. 1, 2). Electric motors 1 are installed in a vertical position at the base of the active track structure 4. The upper plane of the end disks 2 with segments of permanent magnets 3 coincides with the upper plane of the base of the active track structure 4. An expanded winding of the “squirrel cage” type made of copper or aluminum rods 5 short-circuited from the ends, two electrically conductive tires 6 are inserted into the grooves of the ferromagnetic core 7 without insulation and installed horizontally along both sides in the bottom of the carrier truck 8 of the vehicle wa (figure 3). Copper or aluminum rods 5 are made by pouring molten copper or aluminum into the grooves of the ferromagnetic core 7. Together with the rods 5, the end busbars 6 connecting them are cast.

The device magnetic levitation of the vehicle operates as follows.

When starting the electric motors 1, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet segments 3 rotating together with the end disks 2 induces current in the short-circuited rods 5 by the electrically conductive buses 6. The interaction of the induced current with the rotating magnetic field creates a lifting force that is transmitted through the ferromagnetic core 7 on the bottom of the carrier carts 8 of the vehicle, as a result of which the vehicle, remaining stationary, begins to levitate. To improve the efficiency of the vehicle’s magnetic levitation device, the rotation of the adjacent electric motors 1 is carried out in opposite directions (for example, one electric motor - clockwise, the other - counterclockwise) with the same frequency and so that the equally magnetized segments of permanent magnets 3 coincide in phase of rotation. Thus, in the parking lot, acceleration and braking sections, magnetic levitation of the vehicle is ensured.

Claims (1)

A device for magnetic levitation of a vehicle, comprising vertically mounted electric motors with end magnetic wheels on the shaft and an electrically conductive element, characterized in that the electric motors with end magnetic wheels on the shaft are mounted in the active track structure, and the electrically conductive element on the carrier trolley of the vehicle, the magnetic wheels made in the form of end disks with segments of permanent magnets, the upper plane of which coincides with the upper plane of the base active track structure, and the electrically conductive element is made in the form of an unfolded "squirrel cage" installed in the grooves of the ferromagnetic core in the bottom of the carrier carriage of the vehicle.

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