RU2538357C1 - Method and set for static weighing of motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: method involves stages at which there provided is a measuring kit containing static base weighs, the number of which is equal to double maximum number of axles in a multiple-axle bogie that includes maximum number of axles included in any of the motor vehicles weighed; static base weighs of the measuring kit are arranged in turn for each of the multiple-axle bogies of the motor vehicle weighed under each of the wheels of this multiple-axle bogies. After that, readings of all the static base weighs installed under the wheels of this multiple-axle bogie are recorded; some part of the static base weighs of the measuring kit is arranged under the wheels of single axles of the motor vehicle; after that, readings of all the static base weighs installed under the corresponding motor vehicle wheels are recorded. The device includes static base weighs, the number of which is equal to double maximum number of axles in a multiple-axle bogie that includes maximum number of axles included in any of the motor vehicles weighed. Weighs are designed for arrangement in turn for each of the above multiple-axle bogies of the motor vehicle weighed under each of the wheels of this multiple bogie and further recording of readings of all the static base weighs installed under the wheels of this multiple-axle bogie, and for arrangement of their part under the wheels of single axles of the above motor vehicle and further recording of readings of all the static base weighs installed under the corresponding wheels of the motor vehicle weighed.

EFFECT: reduction of the number of base weighs as a part of mobile stations at maintenance of accuracy of a weighing operation.

12 cl, 5 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to motor vehicles, and more specifically to a method and kit for static weighing of a vehicle (ATS).

State of the art

Currently, there are several types of devices for static weighing of vehicles (ATS) and methods implemented with their help. The most common include, for example, platform scales, which provide for the placement on the working surface of their load platform with the sensitive elements (sensors) located simultaneously under it of all the wheel axles of the vehicle, which provides a one-stage determination of the total weight of the vehicle (see, for example, the website of the weighing company "Tenzo-M" http://www.tenso-m.ru/). Such scales are suitable for weighing automatic telephone exchanges only on specially equipped sites.

As part of mobile weight control posts (PPVK), which allow static weighing of automatic telephone exchanges in a designated place in the right of way, static weighing devices are used on the basis of a set of portable cargo receiving platforms (underlay weights) placed under the wheels of automatic telephone exchanges (see, for example, Dr. E. Doupala (Zurich, Switzerland) “Recommendations for Accurate Weighing with Portable (Pad) Weights” in 2013 issue 7 of the journal Roads.

To assess the total weight of the ATS using portable weights, it is recommended to ensure that all wheels of the ATS are simultaneously placed on the load receiving platforms of the weights (see, for example, GOST R 53228-2008, “Non-automatic scales”, part 1). At the same time, the number of underweight scales corresponding to the largest number of wheels from the entire range of types of controlled automatic telephone exchanges should be provided in the kit of the weighing device.

For example, in the case of a five-axle dump truck, in order to measure its full weight, it is necessary to have a set of ten weights (see, for example, the website http://www.teknoscale.com/), and, for example, for a six-axle road train, a set of underlay Weights must already be supplemented to 12 pieces. But six axles - this is not the maximum with today's diversity of the fleet. And if you are guided by the requirement to hang out all the wheels of the ATS on a weighing scale when measuring the total weight, then for a road train consisting of a three-axle tractor and two three-axle semi-trailers, you will need a set of eighteen (!) Underlay weights. To provide with such kits even the existing number of mobile weight control posts is absolutely unrealistic for both financial and technical reasons.

Disclosure of invention

Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to develop such a method and a kit for static weighing of a vehicle (ATS), which would reduce the number of used underweight scales in the PPVK kit without compromising the accuracy of the weighing.

To solve this problem and achieve the technical result, the first object of the present invention proposes a method of static weighing of a motor vehicle (ATS), comprising at least one multi-axle trolley, comprising the steps of: providing a measuring set containing static under-load scales, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest in the number of axles of the multi-axle bogies included in any of the weighed ATS; place alternately for each of the multi-axle trolleys of the weighed ATS under each of the wheels of the multi-axle trolley static underlays from the measuring set, after which the readings of all static under-lays mounted under the wheels of this multi-axle trolley are recorded; place at least a part of the static underlays from the measuring set under the wheels of the single axes of the ATS, after which the readings of all the static underlays mounted under the corresponding wheels of the ATS are recorded.

A feature of the method of the present invention is that it can further include the steps in which: provide in the measuring kit passive leveling pads, the thickness of each of which is equal to the thickness of the static underlay weights, and the number of passive leveling pads is equal to the difference in the maximum number of axes of any from weighted automatic telephone exchanges and the number of static underweight scales in this measuring set; place one of the passive leveling underlays from the measuring set under each of the other wheels of the ATS, and then the readings of the static underlays are fixed.

Another feature of the method of the present invention is that it can additionally include the steps in which: provide in the measuring set passive leveling pad, each of which is k times less than the thickness of the static pad, where k is an integer greater than 1 , and the number of passive leveling pads is equal to k multiplied by the difference in the maximum number of axles of any of the weighed PBXs and the number of static underframes in this measuring set; place under each of the other wheels of the ATS k mentioned passive leveling pads from the measuring set, and then carry out the fixation of the readings of the static underlays.

Another feature of the method of the present invention is that the readings of all the static weights obtained from each of the wheels of the multi-axle weighed ATC trolley can be summarized, obtaining the total weight of this multi-axle trolley of the weighed ATC.

Another feature of the method of the present invention is that the readings of those of the static weights that are used more than once under the same wheel of the weighed ATC can be averaged.

Finally, another feature of the method of the present invention is that the readings of all the static weights obtained for each of the multi-axle bogies and for each of the single axes of the weighed ATC can be summarized, obtaining the total weight of the ATC.

To solve the same problem and achieve the same technical result, the second object of the present invention proposes a measuring kit for static weighing of a motor vehicle (ATS), containing at least one multi-axle trolley, including static underlay scales, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest in the number of axles of the multi-axle bogies that are part of any of the weighed automatic telephone exchanges and which are designed to be placed alternately for each of the multi-axle trolleys the nuts of the weighed ATC under each of the wheels of this multiaxial trolley and the subsequent fixation of the readings of all static underlays installed under the wheels of this multiaxial trolley, and to place at least a part of them under the wheels of the single axles of the ATS and the subsequent fixation of the readings of all static underlay weights installed under corresponding wheels of the weighed automatic telephone exchange.

A feature of the kit of the present invention is that it can additionally include passive leveling paddings, each of which is equal to the thickness of the static padding scale, and the number of passive leveling paddings is equal to the difference between the doubled maximum number of axles of any of the weighed ATS and the number of static underfloor scales in this measuring set, and which are designed to be placed one under each of the other wheels of the ATS and subsequent recording static underweight.

Another feature of the kit of the present invention is that it can further include passive leveling pad, each of which is k times less than the thickness of the static pad, where k is an integer greater than 1, and the number of passive leveling pad equal to k times the difference of the doubled maximum number of axles of any of the weighed ATEs and the number of static underframes in this measuring set, and which are designed to be placed under k under each from the remaining wheels of the ATS and the subsequent fixation of the readings of the static underweight.

Another feature of the kit of the present invention is that it can further include a measuring unit, configured to connect to it the outputs of all static underlay weights and designed to fix their readings.

In this case, the measuring unit can be made with the ability to summarize the readings of the static underlay weights for each of the multi-axle trolleys of the weighed ATS. Or, the measuring unit can be made with the ability to summarize the readings of the static underlay weights obtained for each of the multi-axle bogies and for each of the single axes of the weighed vehicle.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 illustrates an example of a static weighing triaxial cargo vehicle.

Figure 2 illustrates an example of static weighing of a four-axle freight vehicle.

Figure 3 illustrates an example of static weighing of a six-axle freight vehicle.

Figure 4 illustrates an example of static weighing of a five-axle freight vehicle.

Figure 5 illustrates another example of a static weighing of a five-axle freight vehicle.

Detailed Description of Embodiments

The present invention is further illustrated by non-limiting examples of its implementation.

Consider a telephone exchange, in which there are axles united by a common suspension into groups (multi-axle bogies). The simplest version of such an automatic telephone exchange is shown in FIG. 1 and is a classic three-axle dump truck (with a 6 × 4 wheel arrangement) with a sprung biaxial rear bogie (i.e., with lever suspension). The distance between the axles of the rear bogie for the model taken as an example is 1320 mm, and between the first and second axis it is at least 3190 mm.

Let's talk about the trolley first. This is a classic system, connected with the help of a lever or pneumatic suspension, in respect of which the limitations of the aforementioned GOST for individual measurement of axial loads are absolutely fair. It is necessary to remember the non-deterministic nature of the changes in the ratio of the loads redistributed by the suspension on the axis of such a cart. That is, the instantaneous measured load of any of the axles of the trolley cannot be an informative parameter, in this quality we can only talk about the sum of the axial loads within the trolley, measured in our example by summing the simultaneously obtained readings Р2, Р3 of all four supporting weights placed under all her wheels. Such a parameter, as was already suggested above, can be called the total load of the axles of the truck, the weight (share with respect to the total weight of the ATC) of the truck, or go to the concept of the average axial load of the truck by averaging the simultaneous measurement of the loads of all the axes included in it.

When determining the load of free-standing axes of ATS located at a distance of at least 2000 mm from each other, the restrictions imposed by GOST R 53228-2008 become redundant. Take the example in question (Figure 1), where the front axle of the dump truck is at least 3190 mm from the nearest axle of the truck (in other versions of this model, this distance is significantly higher). In this case, it is possible to consider a rear bogie with a front axle connected system only in that they are combined by a common frame of the ATS and do not move on domestic roads separately from each other. Redistribution of loads between them can practically occur when the relative height of the position of these axes in space changes. In the case of a flat platform, as prescribed by the ATC weighing method, and hanging all its axes at the same level, the situation regarding this weight redistribution mechanism remains stable. For this reason, when calibrating weighing equipment, the use of a two-axle truck is required, to which there are no complaints.

Thus, the determination of the total weight of the ATS can be reduced to measuring the weights of the carts included in its composition and determining the loads from the free-standing axles. Those. when measuring a three-axle dump truck, it is necessary to hang it out on a support scale placed under all the wheels (Figure 1), and measure the total weight of the ATS in full accordance with the cited GOST, summing up the paired (along the left and right wheels of each axis) axial loads P1, P2 and P3. But at the same time, having summed up the readings of the weights P2 and P3 along the axes of the rear bogie, we also calculate a new parameter - the weight of the bogie (or average axial load).

In the case of weighing on a PPVK of a four-axle dump truck with an 8 × 4 wheel arrangement (Figure 2) using a reduced number (in this case, six instead of eight) of underlay weights, it is necessary to use a special measurement procedure that is no longer tied to GOST, but to the technical conditions for this equipment.

Before measuring, let's look at the center distance of the measured ATS. Between the trolley and the nearest axis at least 2080 mm (in other versions - up to 2840 mm); so, more than 2000 mm, that is, we can consider the rear bogie with the axis closest to it completely independent. And start the measurement by determining the weight of the truck, placing load-bearing platforms under all its wheels and determining, by summing the simultaneously measured axial loads P3, P4 (Fig. 2a), its value. Moreover, all the wheels of the other axes of the ATS should be hung out at the same level (in the same plane) with the measured ones. Since there are six weights in the kit, already at the first measurement stage (Fig. 2a) their free pair can be placed under the second axis of the truck and the corresponding axial load P2 can be determined. To align the front axle, use a pair of passive underlays.

At the second stage of measurement, it remains to measure the load of the front axle P1, but taking into account the second axis located in this model (1800 mm) rather close to it, we could measure them in pairs. However, it is more advisable at this stage to repeat a free pair of underweight scales measuring the axial loads of the trolley P3, P4 (Fig.2b), re-calculating its weight and comparing it with the result of the first measurement. The excess results obtained at the two stages of measurement (a double measurement of the weight of the trolley, which makes it possible to average the result) are enough to calculate the total weight of the vehicle and fix the load in the part of the free-standing axles (if the appropriate measurement procedure for the used weighing equipment is approved).

Now consider a six-axle dump truck (Figure 3), and in fact a tractor with a 6 × 4 wheel arrangement and a triaxial semi-trailer.

At the first stage (Fig. 3a), with the three available pairs of weights at the same time, we measure the axial loads P4, P5, P6 in the trolley of the semi-trailer and calculate its weight, while aligning the entire ATS with passive underlays. At the second stage (Fig. 3b) we will hang out a triaxial tractor on the weights, having separately determined the weight of its biaxial truck by the sum of the axial loads P2, P3 measured simultaneously with the first axis (P1).

And finally, consider as another example the classic five-axle wagon (Figure 4). We will also cope with it in two stages. First, with the help of six weights and four passive platforms, we weigh the three-axle trolley of the semi-trailer (P3, P4, P5, Fig. 4a), and then the biaxial tractor (P1, P2, Fig. 4b).

We will not be limited to examples that apply only to semi-trailers, and, for a general approach, we will consider the methodology for measuring a fairly typical “twin” - a three-axle dump truck with side unloading and a two-axle dump trailer (Figure 5). Having six static underfloor weights and at least four passive underframes in standard PPVK equipment, you can easily cope with this task in two stages. At the first stage (Fig. 5a), we will weigh the triaxial dump truck itself, at the second (Fig. 5b) - semi-trailer. At the second stage, it is possible to place a free pair of weights under one of the axles of the rear truck, especially if at the first stage of measurement it caused a suspicion of exceeding the axial load, which is desirable to double-check.

Thus, the proposed method is as follows.

First, it is necessary to provide a measuring set containing static under-load scales, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest number of axles of any multi-axle bogies that are part of any weighed ATS. In most practical applications, it is enough to choose the number of such static underfloor scales in the set equal to six, since the maximum number of axles in the carts of most models of modern automatic telephone exchanges is three.

Further operations can be performed in any order. For example, to weigh a specific automatic telephone exchange with several multi-axle trolleys, under each of the wheels of one multi-axle trolley, static underlays from the measuring set are placed, after which the readings of all static under-lays mounted under the wheels of this multi-axle trolley are recorded. Then this operation is repeated for each of the remaining multi-axle bogies of this PBX. Next, at least a part of the static underlays from the measuring set is placed under the wheels of the single axes of this automatic telephone exchange, after which the readings of all static underweight scales installed under the corresponding wheels of the automatic telephone exchange are recorded. However, the placement of static underfloor weights from the measuring set under the wheels of the single axes of this automatic telephone exchange can be performed even before weighing the multi-axle trolleys of this automatic telephone exchange, or between weighings of individual multi-axle trolleys of one automatic telephone exchange.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that placing static weights under the wheels of the ATS means putting static weights under each corresponding wheel of the standing ATS and then driving over all the mounted static underweights with the corresponding wheels of the ATS.

Preferably, the measuring set includes passive leveling paddings, the thickness of each of which is equal to the thickness of the static weigher, and the number of passive leveling paddings is equal to the difference of twice the maximum number of axles of any of the weighed ATEs and the number of static underlays in this measuring kit. Such passive leveling underlays, as their name implies, are used to place one under each of the other wheels of the ATS, i.e. those wheels under which static underlay scales are not placed in this weighing cycle. This is necessary to level the weighed ATS while fixing the readings of the static underfloor balance.

In another embodiment, the measuring set includes passive leveling linings, the thickness of each of which is k times less than the thickness of static underlays, where k is an integer greater than 1, and the number of passive leveling linings is equal to twice the maximum number of axles of any of weighed automatic telephone exchanges and the number of static underweight scales in this measuring set. In this case, under each of the other wheels of the ATS, k passive leveling underlays from the measuring set are placed, after which the readings of the static underlays are recorded.

In principle, if static underlay scales are thin (for example, no more than 10-11 mm), or are pre-installed in the corresponding recesses flush with the roadway, leveling underlay platforms can be omitted.

When weighing each multi-axle trolley of an automatic telephone exchange, it is possible to summarize the readings of all static underfloor weights obtained from each of the wheels of the multi-axle trolley of an automatic telephone exchange, obtaining the total weight of this multi-axle trolley of an automatic telephone exchange.

After all weighings of one automatic telephone exchange, the readings of all static underfloor weights obtained for each of the multi-axle trolleys and for each of the single axes of the weighed automatic telephone exchange can be summarized, obtaining the total weight of this automatic telephone exchange.

Moreover, if during two or more weighing cycles of a multiaxial automatic telephone exchange, some of the static underfloor scales are used more than once under the same wheel of the weighed automatic telephone exchange, you can average the readings of these static underfloor scales, obtaining accurate (averaged) weight readings that are used for subsequent summation of readings.

The measuring set used to implement the described method, including static underlays, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest number of axles of the multi-axle bogies that are part of any of the weighing automatic telephone exchanges, and, optionally, any of the passive leveling underlays described above, may additionally contain a measuring unit, configured to connect to it the outputs of all static underlay scales and designed to fix their readings. This measuring unit can be made with the additional ability to summarize the readings of the static underlay weights for each of the mentioned multi-axle trolleys of the weighed ATC, as well as with the additional ability to summarize the readings of the static underlay weights obtained for each of the multi-axle trolleys and for each of the single axes of the weighed ATC. The measuring unit can also be made with the ability to average the readings of those static weights that are used more than once under the same wheel of the weighed ATS in several weighing cycles. Specialists understand that such a measuring unit can be implemented, for example, on a suitably programmed personal computer or on a specialized computing module capable of performing these functions.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allows to reduce the number of used weights in the measuring kit without compromising the accuracy of the weighing.

In addition, the proposed technical solution makes it possible to obtain weight data for each multi-axle truck of a PBX.

Claims (12)

1. The method of static weighing of a motor vehicle (ATS), comprising at least one multi-axle trolley, comprising the steps of:
- provide a measuring set containing static underfloor scales, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest number of axles of the multi-axle bogies included in any of the weighed ATCs;
- place alternately for each of the aforementioned multi-axle trolleys of the weighed ATS under each of the wheels of the multi-axle trolley static underlay scales from the aforementioned measuring set, after which the readings of all static under-load weights installed under the wheels of this multi-axle trolley are recorded;
- place at least a part of the static underlays from the said measuring set under the wheels of the single axes of the said ATS, after which the readings of all the static underlays mounted under the corresponding wheels of the ATS are recorded. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising stages in which:
- provide in the said measuring set passive leveling pads, the thickness of each of which is equal to the thickness of the said static underlays, and the number of the said passive leveling pads is equal to the difference between the doubled maximum number of axles of any of the weighed ATS and the number of the said static underlays in this measuring set;
- place under each of the other wheels of the said ATC one of the said passive leveling underlays from the said measuring set, after which the said readings are taken from the static underlays. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising stages in which:
- provide in the said measuring set passive leveling linings, the thickness of each of which is k times less than the thickness of the said static underlays, where k is an integer greater than 1, and the number of the said passive leveling linings is equal to twice the maximum number of axles of any from weighted automatic telephone exchanges and the number of said static underweight scales in this measuring set;
- place under each of the remaining wheels of the said ATC k mentioned passive leveling underlays from the said measuring set, after which they carry out the said fixation of the readings of the static underlays. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which summarizes the readings of all the said static underweight weights obtained from each of the wheels of the multi-axle weighed ATC trolley, obtaining the total weight of this multi-axis trolley of the weighed ATC. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the readings of those of the said static underfloor scales that are used more than once under the same wheel of the weighed ATC are averaged. 6. The method according to claim 1, which summarizes the readings of all the said static underfloor weights obtained for each of the aforementioned multi-axle trolleys and for each of the single axes of the weighed ATC, obtaining the total weight of this ATC. 7. A measuring kit for static weighing of a motor vehicle (ATS), containing at least one multi-axle trolley, including static underlay weights, the number of which is equal to twice the maximum number of axles in the largest number of axles of any of the weighed ATS multi-axle bogies and which are intended to be placed alternately for each of the aforementioned multi-axle bogies of the weighed ATS under each of the wheels of this multi-axle bogie and the subsequent recording of the readings of all hundred ble backer balance established under the wheels of the multiaxial trolleys, and for placement of at least its part under the wheels of the single axles of said PBX and subsequent fixation readings all static backer weights installed at respective wheels weighed PBX. 8. The kit according to claim 7, further comprising a passive leveling pad, the thickness of each of which is equal to the thickness of the said static padding scales, and the number of said passive leveling paddings is equal to the difference between the doubled maximum number of axles of any of the weighed ATS and the number of the said static liners weights in this measuring set, and which are designed to be placed one under each of the other wheels of the said ATS and the subsequent fixation of readings statically x backer weights. 9. The kit according to claim 7, further comprising a passive leveling pad, the thickness of each of which is k times less than the thickness of the said static padding scale, where k is an integer greater than 1, and the number of the said passive leveling pad is multiplied by k the difference between the doubled maximum number of axles of any of the weighed automatic telephone exchanges and the number of the mentioned static underweight scales in this measuring set, and which are designed to be placed k under each of the other wheels of the aforementioned ATS and the subsequent fixation of the readings of static underfloor weights. 10. The kit according to claim 7, further comprising a measuring unit, configured to connect to it the outputs of all the said static underlay weights and designed to fix their readings. 11. The kit of claim 10, wherein said measuring unit is configured to summarize the readings of said static underlay weights for each of said multi-axis trolleys of a weighted ATS. 12. The kit according to claim 10, in which said measuring unit is configured to summarize the readings of said static underlay weights obtained for each of the aforementioned multi-axle bogies and for each of the single axes of the weighed ATC.

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