RU2538256C2 - Composition for firebioprotective wood impregnation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of industrial building materials and is intended for surface firebioprotective impregnation of wood and wood plate materials. Composition for firebioprotective impregnation of wood contains phosphate compound, represented by calciumzincphosphatenitrate binding agent, containing 25-31% of phosphorus (counted per P₂O₅), 6-8% zinc (counted per ZnO), 0.7 - 1.1 % of calcium (counted per CaO), 10.5-12.5% of nitrates (counted per NO₃), amino-containing compound, diammoniumphosphate, fluoride of alkaline metal or aluminium, surface-active substance, tinting paste and water.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase fireproof properties, biostability of wood and wood plate materials, as well as to reduce leachability and moisture absorption.

2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials industry and is intended for fire-retardant impregnation of wood and wood-based tile materials.

Currently, in the Russian Federation and abroad, the method of impregnating wood and wood materials with fire-retardant compounds has become widespread.

Known hardly washed away water-soluble antiseptic "Biodekor", designed to protect against wood-destroying fungi of wooden structures, corresponding to TU 5362-016002495282-96 (Skolt LLP, Moscow, tel. (095) 1747375). The disadvantage of this composition is that it does not have flame retardant properties.

A known composition for fire retardant wood impregnation, including (in wt.%) Urea - 26.65, diammonium phosphate - 13.35 and water - 60, (SI Taubkin. Fundamentals of fire protection of cellulosic materials. - M., 1960, p. 272). The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively high leachability, as well as the relatively low fire retardant properties and biostability.

The closest technical solution is a composition for fire retardant wood impregnation, including (in wt. G): phosphoric acid 0.8-1.2 and urea 0.9-1.5 (in terms of wt.%: Phosphoric acid 36-54 and urea 40-68) (Autosvid. USSR No. 517491, decl. 02.21.75, published. 1976 B.I. No. 22). The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively high leachability and moisture absorption, as well as relatively low fire retardant properties and biostability.

The aim of the invention is to reduce leachability and moisture absorption, as well as increasing fire retardant properties and biostability of the composition.

This goal is achieved in that the composition for fire-retardant wood impregnation, including phosphate and amine-containing compounds, contains calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder and, in addition, diammonium phosphate and alkali metal or ammonium fluoride in the following ratio of components to weight as a phosphate compound. %:

- calcium zinc phosphate nitrate binder 20-50 - amino compound 4-20 - diammonium phosphate 2-18 - alkali metal or ammonium fluoride 2-6 - water rest

In order to accelerate the penetration of the composition into the wood, the composition may additionally contain a surfactant in an amount of 0.25-1.5%. To impart coloring to the wood surface while maintaining other properties, tinting pastes in an amount of 0.3-5% are introduced into the composition.

Currently, calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder is produced by the Buysky Chemical Plant in accordance with TU 113-12-45-05-88 under the name “FS-3 phosphate binder".

According to physico-chemical parameters, the “phosphate binder FS-3" must comply with the following standards:

1. Appearance - viscous liquid without mechanical impurities 2. Mass fraction of phosphorus in terms of P ₂ O ₅ ,% within 25-31 3. Mass fraction of zinc in terms of ZnO,% within 6-8 4. Mass fraction of calcium in terms of CaO,% within 0.7-1.1 5. Mass fraction of nitrates in terms of NO ₃ ,% within 10.5-12.5 6. pH, no more 2 7. Density, g / cm ³ , within 1.46-1.50

The use of calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder in combination with an amine-containing compound, diammonium phosphate, alkali metal or ammonium fluoride makes it possible to obtain an impregnating composition with low leachability, moisture absorption, high fire retardant properties and biostability. The introduction of tinting pastes provides the surface of the wood of a given color while maintaining its other properties.

A decrease in the content of calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder of less than 20% causes crystallization of the composition, and an increase in the content of more than 50% increases the leachability and moisture absorption of the impregnating composition.

A decrease in the content of an amine-containing compound of less than 4% causes an increase in the leachability of the composition and moisture absorption of the composition, as well as a decrease in its fire retardant properties, and an increase in the content of more than 20% causes crystallization of the composition.

A decrease in the content of diammonium phosphate of less than 2% causes a decrease in fire retardant properties, and an increase in the content of over 18% causes its crystallization and precipitation.

A decrease in the alkali metal or ammonium fluoride content of less than 2% causes a decrease in the biostability of the composition, and an increase in the content of more than 6% is impractical, since it does not change the achieved level of biostability.

A decrease in the content of surfactants of less than 0.25% reduces the speed of impregnation, and an increase in content of over 1.5% is impractical, since it does not change the achieved level of impregnation.

The decrease in the content of tinting paste in the composition of less than 0.25% does not change the color of the surface of the wood, and the increase in the content of more than 5% is impractical, since it does not change the achieved effect.

Examples of incorrect execution:

Example 1

545 g of water is introduced into the enamel container, it is heated to a temperature of 60 ° C, and then 40 g of urea, 180 g of diammonium phosphate and 20 g of sodium fluoride are successively introduced with stirring. Then a calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder in an amount of 200 g is introduced into the cooled solution. Before use, a surfactant (ethoxylated alkyl phenol OP-10) in an amount of 15 g is introduced into the solution.

Example 2

Analogously to example 1, only the composition additionally introduced tinting paste in an amount of 5 g. A change in the content of the components is given in the examples (see table 1). The results are presented in table 2.

The data obtained indicate that the use of calcium-zinc phosphate nitrate binder containing phosphates, zinc oxide, calcium oxide and nitrates in combination with an amine-containing compound, diammonium phosphate, and alkali metal or ammonium fluoride provides an impregnating composition with low leachability and moisture absorption, as well as high fire retardant and bactericidal properties. The introduction of a surfactant and tinting pastes does not change the essence of the invention. It is supposed to introduce a composition for fire-retardant treatment of wood and wood-based tile materials.

Table 1 Composition components Prototype The content of components, weight,% one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 fourteen fifteen 16 17 eighteen 19 1. Orthophosphoric acid 45 2. Calcium zinc phosphate nitrate binder - twenty twenty twenty 38 38 38 fifty fifty 51 19 fifty 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 3. Amine-containing compound: Urea 55 four 7 twenty 7 7 3 21 7 7 7 7 7 7 Thiourea - four 7 twenty Dicyandiamide - four 7 twenty 4. Diammonium phosphate eighteen eighteen eighteen 10 10 10 2 2 2 10 10 10 10 19 one 10 10 10 10 5. Alkali metal or ammonium fluoride: Sodium fluoride - 2 four 6 four four four four four four one 7 four four Potassium fluoride - - 2 - - four - - 6 - - - - - - - - „ Ammonium fluoride - . . 2 . . four . . 6 . . . 6. Surfactant: OP-7 or OP-10 - 1,5 0.6 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.6 0.6 0.15 7. Tinting paste - 5 3 0.3 0.30 0.3 3 6 0.20 8. Water - 54.5 51 56 37,4 41 41 22 21.45 20.45 59.45 25,4 45 27 32 fifty 44 38 34,4 40.65

Claims (1)

Composition for fire-retardant wood impregnation, including a phosphate and amine-containing compound, diammonium phosphate, alkali metal or ammonium fluoride, surfactant and water, characterized in that as a phosphate compound it contains calcium-zinc phosphate binder containing 25-31% phosphorus (in terms of P ₂ O ₅₎ , 6-8% of zinc (in terms of ZnO), 0.7 - 1.1% of calcium (in terms of CaO), 10.5-12.5% of nitrates (in terms of NO ₃ ) and tinting paste in the following ratio of components, in wt.%:
Calcium Zinc Phosphate Binder 20-50 Amino compound 4-20 Diammonium phosphate 2-18 Alkali metal or ammonium fluoride 2-6 Surface-active substance 0.25-1.5 Tinting paste 0.3-5 Water rest